2005
29 Blocking the Axonal Injury Cascade Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Models
Waxman S, Lo A. 29 Blocking the Axonal Injury Cascade Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Models. 2005, 435-449. DOI: 10.1016/b978-012738761-1/50030-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisWhite matter injuryAxonal injuryChannel blockersNitric oxideNon-glucocorticoid steroidsCalcium channel blockersHuman multiple sclerosis lesionsSodium channel blockersMultiple sclerosis lesionsEffects of drugsAutoimmune encephalomyelitisMS pathologyOptic nerveMultiple sclerosisFunctional outcomeNeuroprotective agentsΓ-aminobutyric acidHypoxic injuryPathological evidenceSpinal nervesSpinal cordAdrenergic receptorsVivo preparationSclerosis lesions19 Molecular Mechanisms of Calcium Influx in Axonal Degeneration
Stys P, Waxman S. 19 Molecular Mechanisms of Calcium Influx in Axonal Degeneration. 2005, 275-292. DOI: 10.1016/b978-012738761-1/50020-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisAxonal degenerationMultiple sclerosisAxonal injuryCalcium influxInflammatory central nervous system disordersCentral nervous system disordersAcute axonal injuryPotential neuroprotective strategiesWhite matter injuryCellular calcium overloadNervous system disordersAutoimmune encephalomyelitisAxonal damageNeuroprotective strategiesGlutamate releasePathophysiological mechanismsCa overloadCalcium overloadSystem disordersInadequate deliveryMyelinated axonsAberrant operationNitric oxideCa channels
2004
Chapter 41 Ischemic White Matter Damage
Stys P, Waxman S. Chapter 41 Ischemic White Matter Damage. 2004, 985-1007. DOI: 10.1016/b978-012439510-7/50094-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIschemic white matter injuryIschemic white matter damageIschemic CNS injuryMore chronic statesWhite matter injuryWhite matter damageMammalian white matterClinical disabilityAcute strokePeriventricular leukomalaciaAxonal disordersCerebral palsyIschemic damageVascular dementiaMultiple sclerosisCNS injuryMatter damageSocioeconomic burdenMyelinated fibersSuccessful therapyChronic stateWhite matterIrreversible compromiseDeleterious eventsWestern populations
1992
Ionic mechanisms of anoxic injury in mammalian CNS white matter: role of Na+ channels and Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger
Stys P, Waxman S, Ransom B. Ionic mechanisms of anoxic injury in mammalian CNS white matter: role of Na+ channels and Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger. Journal Of Neuroscience 1992, 12: 430-439. PMID: 1311030, PMCID: PMC6575619, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.12-02-00430.1992.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRat optic nerveCompound action potentialAnoxic injuryOptic nerveWhite matterAction potentialsCentral white matter tractsWhite matter injuryCNS white matterMembrane depolarizationAnoxia/ischemiaWhite matter tractsCNS protectionAnoxic insultMyelinated tractsChannel blockersExchanger blockerIrreversible injuryExtracellular Ca2Mammalian CNSNerveInjuryMore injuriesBlockersFunctional integrity
1991
Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger mediates Ca2+ influx during anoxia in mammalian central nervous system white matter
Stys P, Waxman S, Ransom B. Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger mediates Ca2+ influx during anoxia in mammalian central nervous system white matter. Annals Of Neurology 1991, 30: 375-380. PMID: 1952825, DOI: 10.1002/ana.410300309.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWhite matterIsolated rat optic nerveCentral nervous system white matterNervous system white matterWhite matter injuryRat optic nerveMammalian central nervous systemSevere neurological impairmentCompound action potentialType of injuryCentral nervous systemFunctional recoveryOptic nervePharmacological blockadeNeurological impairmentAnoxic injuryIrreversible injuryNervous systemAction potentialsInjuryInfluxCa2Critical mechanismCellsNerve