2024
Paediatric hydrocephalus
Kahle K, Klinge P, Koschnitzky J, Kulkarni A, MacAulay N, Robinson S, Schiff S, Strahle J. Paediatric hydrocephalus. Nature Reviews Disease Primers 2024, 10: 35. PMID: 38755194, DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00519-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSymptoms of elevated intracranial pressureCerebrospinal fluidCentral nervous system infectionChoroid plexus cauterizationEndoscopic third ventriculostomyNervous system infectionNonsurgical treatment strategiesElevated intracranial pressureLong-term outcomesNeural tube defectsCSF-brain interfaceFetal hydrocephalusUtero treatmentAcquired hydrocephalusCSF secretionSurgical closureCSF shuntingHead circumferenceThird ventriculostomyCongenital hydrocephalusAssociated with blockageGene mutationsCerebral ventricleTreatment strategiesCSF pathwaysThe genetic basis of hydrocephalus: genes, pathways, mechanisms, and global impact
Hale A, Boudreau H, Devulapalli R, Duy P, Atchley T, Dewan M, Goolam M, Fieggen G, Spader H, Smith A, Blount J, Johnston J, Rocque B, Rozzelle C, Chong Z, Strahle J, Schiff S, Kahle K. The genetic basis of hydrocephalus: genes, pathways, mechanisms, and global impact. Fluids And Barriers Of The CNS 2024, 21: 24. PMID: 38439105, PMCID: PMC10913327, DOI: 10.1186/s12987-024-00513-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCerebral HemorrhageChoroid PlexusHumansHydrocephalusHydrodynamicsIntracranial HypertensionConceptsCerebrospinal fluidOverview of genesEtiology of HCPathogenesis of HCChoroid plexus cauterizationEndoscopic third ventriculostomyIncreased intracranial pressureGenetic architectureGenetic basisImpact of geneticsVentricular shuntSurgical treatmentThird ventriculostomyPhenotypic heterogeneityHeterogeneous diseasePharmacological treatmentGenetic syndromesMolecular pathogenesisIntracranial pressureHydrocephalusTherapeutic measuresGenesGeneticsBrain injuryPathway
2023
Paenibacillus spp infection among infants with postinfectious hydrocephalus in Uganda: an observational case-control study
Morton S, Hehnly C, Burgoine K, Ssentongo P, Ericson J, Kumar M, Hagmann C, Fronterre C, Smith J, Movassagh M, Streck N, Bebell L, Bazira J, Kumbakumba E, Bajunirwe F, Mulondo R, Mbabazi-Kabachelor E, Nsubuga B, Natukwatsa D, Nalule E, Magombe J, Erickson T, Ngonzi J, Ochora M, Olupot-Olupot P, Onen J, Ssenyonga P, Mugamba J, Warf B, Kulkarni A, Lane J, Whalen A, Zhang L, Sheldon K, Meier F, Kiwanuka J, Broach J, Paulson J, Schiff S. Paenibacillus spp infection among infants with postinfectious hydrocephalus in Uganda: an observational case-control study. The Lancet Microbe 2023, 4: e601-e611. PMID: 37348522, PMCID: PMC10529524, DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00106-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMother-newborn pairsPostinfectious hydrocephalusCerebrospinal fluidNeonatal sepsisSpp infectionUgandan infantsMaternal bloodObservational case-control studyHospital OfficeInfant's cerebrospinal fluidBurden of morbidityCase-control studyRoute of infectionSubset of participantsMaternal feverCranial ultrasoundNeonatal infectionSepsis cohortOptimise treatmentTransplacental transmissionCord bloodObservational studyPlacental samplesSepsisHydrocephalusNeonatal Paenibacilliosis: Paenibacillus Infection as a Novel Cause of Sepsis in Term Neonates With High Risk of Sequelae in Uganda
Ericson J, Burgoine K, Kumbakumba E, Ochora M, Hehnly C, Bajunirwe F, Bazira J, Fronterre C, Hagmann C, Kulkarni A, Kumar M, Magombe J, Mbabazi-Kabachelor E, Morton S, Movassagh M, Mugamba J, Mulondo R, Natukwatsa D, Kaaya B, Olupot-Olupot P, Onen J, Sheldon K, Smith J, Ssentongo P, Ssenyonga P, Warf B, Wegoye E, Zhang L, Kiwanuka J, Paulson J, Broach J, Schiff S. Neonatal Paenibacilliosis: Paenibacillus Infection as a Novel Cause of Sepsis in Term Neonates With High Risk of Sequelae in Uganda. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2023, 77: 768-775. PMID: 37279589, PMCID: PMC10495130, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad337.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeonatal sepsisPostinfectious hydrocephalusCerebrospinal fluidSigns of sepsisFull-term neonatesOptimal antibiotic treatmentUgandan referral hospitalQuantitative polymerase chain reactionNeonatal characteristicsClinical sepsisTerm neonatesUnderdiagnosed causeAntibiotic choiceMedian ageReferral hospitalUgandan hospitalNeurodevelopmental impairmentAdverse outcomesSpecimen typesAntibiotic treatmentPolymerase chain reactionClinical signsUnusual pathogensSepsisHigh riskInfection diagnosis in hydrocephalus CT images: a domain enriched attention learning approach
Yu M, Peterson M, Cherukuri V, Hehnly C, Mbabazi-Kabachelor E, Mulondo R, Kaaya B, Broach J, Schiff S, Monga V. Infection diagnosis in hydrocephalus CT images: a domain enriched attention learning approach. Journal Of Neural Engineering 2023, 20: 10.1088/1741-2552/acd9ee. PMID: 37253355, PMCID: PMC11099590, DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acd9ee.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAttentionChildDeep LearningHumansHydrocephalusNeural Networks, ComputerTomography, X-Ray Computed
2022
Cytomegalovirus infections in infants in Uganda: Newborn-mother pairs, neonates with sepsis, and infants with hydrocephalus
Hehnly C, Ssentongo P, Bebell L, Burgoine K, Bazira J, Fronterre C, Kumbakumba E, Mulondo R, Mbabazi-Kabachelor E, Morton S, Ngonzi J, Ochora M, Olupot-Olupot P, Mugamba J, Onen J, Roberts D, Sheldon K, Sinnar S, Smith J, Ssenyonga P, Kiwanuka J, Paulson J, Meier F, Ericson J, Broach J, Schiff S. Cytomegalovirus infections in infants in Uganda: Newborn-mother pairs, neonates with sepsis, and infants with hydrocephalus. International Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2022, 118: 24-33. PMID: 35150915, PMCID: PMC9058984, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultCytomegalovirus InfectionsFemaleHumansHydrocephalusInfantInfant, NewbornRisk FactorsSepsisUgandaConceptsNewborn-mother pairsCMV prevalenceClinical sepsisCytomegalovirus infectionCerebrospinal fluidPrevalence of CMVQuantitative PCRCMV positivityPostinfectious hydrocephalusVaginal sheddingCMV infectionHIV seropositivityNeonatal ageMaternal ageMaternal vaginalRisk factorsMedical CenterLong-term consequencesMother pairsSepsisNeonatesInfantsPrevalenceHydrocephalusCMV
2021
Assessing the utility of low resolution brain imaging: treatment of infant hydrocephalus
Harper JR, Cherukuri V, O’Reilly T, Yu M, Mbabazi-Kabachelor E, Mulando R, Sheth KN, Webb AG, Warf BC, Kulkarni AV, Monga V, Schiff SJ. Assessing the utility of low resolution brain imaging: treatment of infant hydrocephalus. NeuroImage Clinical 2021, 32: 102896. PMID: 34911199, PMCID: PMC8646178, DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102896.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDeep learning enhancementLow-quality imagesDeep learningQuality imagesDeep learning algorithmsEnhanced imageRole of machineLearning enhancementImage qualityLearning algorithmAcceptable image qualityReconstruction errorImage resolutionImagesAlgorithmCT imagesLearningCT counterpartsNoise ratioTreatment planningPlanningNew standardStructural errorsExperienced pediatric neurosurgeonsMachinePreoperative risk and postoperative outcome from subdural fluid collections in African infants with postinfectious hydrocephalus.
Lane J, Ssentongo P, Peterson M, Harper J, Mbabazi-Kabachelor E, Mugamba J, Ssenyonga P, Onen J, Donnelly R, Levenbach J, Cherukuri V, Monga V, Kulkarni A, Warf B, Schiff S. Preoperative risk and postoperative outcome from subdural fluid collections in African infants with postinfectious hydrocephalus. Journal Of Neurosurgery Pediatrics 2021, 29: 31-39. PMID: 34598146, PMCID: PMC9078082, DOI: 10.3171/2021.7.peds21209.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNormal childhood brain growth and a universal sex and anthropomorphic relationship to cerebrospinal fluid
Peterson M, Cherukuri V, Paulson J, Ssentongo P, Kulkarni A, Warf B, Monga V, Schiff S. Normal childhood brain growth and a universal sex and anthropomorphic relationship to cerebrospinal fluid. Journal Of Neurosurgery Pediatrics 2021, 28: 458-468. PMID: 34243147, PMCID: PMC8594737, DOI: 10.3171/2021.2.peds201006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAlgorithmsAnalysis of VarianceAnthropometryBody WeightBrainCerebrospinal FluidChildChild DevelopmentChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleFunctional LateralityHumansHydrocephalusInfantInfant, NewbornMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleOrgan SizePopulationReference StandardsSex CharacteristicsConceptsBrain growthBrain volumeFluid accumulationRatio of brainHealthy pediatric subjectsTotal brain volumeAge 18 yearsYears of ageRegional brain volumesNormal brain growthAge-dependent relationshipCSF accumulationPediatric subjectsChildhood diseasesCerebrospinal fluidCSF volumeCongenital disorderVolume trajectoriesEarly childhoodNormative growth curvesNumerous conditionsSexMagnetic resonanceBrain size
2020
Exome sequencing implicates genetic disruption of prenatal neuro-gliogenesis in sporadic congenital hydrocephalus
Jin SC, Dong W, Kundishora AJ, Panchagnula S, Moreno-De-Luca A, Furey CG, Allocco AA, Walker RL, Nelson-Williams C, Smith H, Dunbar A, Conine S, Lu Q, Zeng X, Sierant MC, Knight JR, Sullivan W, Duy PQ, DeSpenza T, Reeves BC, Karimy JK, Marlier A, Castaldi C, Tikhonova IR, Li B, Peña HP, Broach JR, Kabachelor EM, Ssenyonga P, Hehnly C, Ge L, Keren B, Timberlake AT, Goto J, Mangano FT, Johnston JM, Butler WE, Warf BC, Smith ER, Schiff SJ, Limbrick DD, Heuer G, Jackson EM, Iskandar BJ, Mane S, Haider S, Guclu B, Bayri Y, Sahin Y, Duncan CC, Apuzzo MLJ, DiLuna ML, Hoffman EJ, Sestan N, Ment LR, Alper SL, Bilguvar K, Geschwind DH, Günel M, Lifton RP, Kahle KT. Exome sequencing implicates genetic disruption of prenatal neuro-gliogenesis in sporadic congenital hydrocephalus. Nature Medicine 2020, 26: 1754-1765. PMID: 33077954, PMCID: PMC7871900, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-1090-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCongenital hydrocephalusPoor neurodevelopmental outcomesPost-surgical patientsCerebrospinal fluid accumulationNeural stem cell biologyGenetic disruptionWhole-exome sequencingPrimary pathomechanismEarly brain developmentNeurodevelopmental outcomesHigh morbidityCSF diversionMutation burdenFluid accumulationBrain ventriclesCH casesBrain developmentDe novo mutationsPatientsExome sequencingCSF dynamicsDisease mechanismsHydrocephalusNovo mutationsCell typesPaenibacillus infection with frequent viral coinfection contributes to postinfectious hydrocephalus in Ugandan infants
Paulson J, Williams B, Hehnly C, Mishra N, Sinnar S, Zhang L, Ssentongo P, Mbabazi-Kabachelor E, Wijetunge D, von Bredow B, Mulondo R, Kiwanuka J, Bajunirwe F, Bazira J, Bebell L, Burgoine K, Couto-Rodriguez M, Ericson J, Erickson T, Ferrari M, Gladstone M, Guo C, Haran M, Hornig M, Isaacs A, Kaaya B, Kangere S, Kulkarni A, Kumbakumba E, Li X, Limbrick D, Magombe J, Morton S, Mugamba J, Ng J, Olupot-Olupot P, Onen J, Peterson M, Roy F, Sheldon K, Townsend R, Weeks A, Whalen A, Quackenbush J, Ssenyonga P, Galperin M, Almeida M, Atkins H, Warf B, Lipkin W, Broach J, Schiff S. Paenibacillus infection with frequent viral coinfection contributes to postinfectious hydrocephalus in Ugandan infants. Science Translational Medicine 2020, 12 PMID: 32998967, PMCID: PMC7774825, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba0565.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPostinfectious hydrocephalusCSF samplesPIH casesPotential causative organismsCerebrospinal fluid accumulationCytomegalovirus coinfectionUgandan infantsNeonatal sepsisSurgical palliationNeonatal infectionInfant casesOptimal treatmentInfant cohortCommon causeCausative organismPediatric hydrocephalusFluid accumulationHydrocephalusAnaerobic bacterial isolatesControl casesInfectionFacultative anaerobic bacterial isolatesInfantsParasitic DNADiseaseInflammation in acquired hydrocephalus: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets
Karimy JK, Reeves BC, Damisah E, Duy PQ, Antwi P, David W, Wang K, Schiff SJ, Limbrick DD, Alper SL, Warf BC, Nedergaard M, Simard JM, Kahle KT. Inflammation in acquired hydrocephalus: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Nature Reviews Neurology 2020, 16: 285-296. PMID: 32152460, PMCID: PMC7375440, DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-0321-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosthaemorrhagic hydrocephalusPostinfectious hydrocephalusNeurosurgical disordersPathogenic mechanismsToll-like receptor 4Pathogenesis of hydrocephalusImportant protective responseEpendymal denudationCommon neurosurgical disorderSustained inflammationInflammatory mediatorsNeuroinflammatory conditionsImmune cellsReceptor 4Therapeutic approachesReparative inflammationCerebrospinal fluidCSF pathwaysHydrocephalusTherapeutic targetInflammationTherapeutic interventionsBrain ventriclesProtective responsePhysical irritants
2019
The Incidence of Postoperative Seizures Following Treatment of Postinfectious Hydrocephalus in Ugandan Infants: A Post Hoc Comparison of Endoscopic Treatment vs Shunt Placement in a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Punchak M, Mbabazi Kabachelor E, Ogwal M, Nalule E, Nalwoga J, Ssenyonga P, Mugamba J, Rattani A, Dewan M, Kulkarni A, Schiff S, Warf B. The Incidence of Postoperative Seizures Following Treatment of Postinfectious Hydrocephalus in Ugandan Infants: A Post Hoc Comparison of Endoscopic Treatment vs Shunt Placement in a Randomized Controlled Trial. Neurosurgery 2019, 85: e714-e721. PMID: 31086941, PMCID: PMC7534394, DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz122.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChoroid plexus cauterizationETV/CPCPostoperative seizure incidencePostinfectious hydrocephalusSeizure incidenceEndoscopic third ventriculostomyUgandan infantsShunt placementMantel-Haenszel hazard ratiosKaplan-Meier methodVentriculoperitoneal shunt placementPostoperative epilepsyPostoperative seizuresPreoperative symptomsEpilepsy incidenceFirst seizureHazard ratioControlled TrialsEndoscopic treatmentThird ventriculostomyTreatment modalitiesSeizure riskHead circumferenceRelative riskSeizure onset
2018
Design of a sustainable prepolarizing magnetic resonance imaging system for infant hydrocephalus
Obungoloch J, Harper J, Consevage S, Savukov I, Neuberger T, Tadigadapa S, Schiff S. Design of a sustainable prepolarizing magnetic resonance imaging system for infant hydrocephalus. Magnetic Resonance Materials In Physics, Biology And Medicine 2018, 31: 665-676. PMID: 29644479, PMCID: PMC6135672, DOI: 10.1007/s10334-018-0683-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow power requirementsSpatial resolutionLF-MRIModest spatial resolutionMagnetic resonance imaging systemPower requirementsCoil systemImage spatial resolutionUnshielded environmentGradient fieldResonance imaging systemLow costDeployment potentialEnergy supplySpecific applicationsUnshielded roomImaging systemLow-field magnetic resonance imaging
2017
Endoscopic Treatment versus Shunting for Infant Hydrocephalus in Uganda
Kulkarni A, Schiff S, Mbabazi-Kabachelor E, Mugamba J, Ssenyonga P, Donnelly R, Levenbach J, Monga V, Peterson M, MacDonald M, Cherukuri V, Warf B. Endoscopic Treatment versus Shunting for Infant Hydrocephalus in Uganda. New England Journal Of Medicine 2017, 377: 2456-2464. PMID: 29262276, PMCID: PMC5784827, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1707568.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsETV-CPCPostinfectious hydrocephalusUgandan infantsTreatment failureCognitive outcomesBrain volumeSingle-center studyEndoscopic third ventriculostomyChoroid plexus cauterizationMajor health problemSignificant differencesLanguage scoresSecondary outcomesEndoscopic treatmentPrimary outcomeVentricular sizeThird ventriculostomyInfant hydrocephalusComputed tomographyTreatment groupsAlternative treatmentLate failureBayley ScalesBrain growthConventional treatmentLearning Based Segmentation of CT Brain Images: Application to Postoperative Hydrocephalic Scans
Cherukuri V, Ssenyonga P, Warf B, Kulkarni A, Monga V, Schiff S. Learning Based Segmentation of CT Brain Images: Application to Postoperative Hydrocephalic Scans. IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Engineering 2017, 65: 1871-1884. PMID: 29989926, PMCID: PMC6062853, DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2017.2783305.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2014
Volumetric brain analysis in neurosurgery: Part 1. Particle filter segmentation of brain and cerebrospinal fluid growth dynamics from MRI and CT images.
Mandell J, Langelaan J, Webb A, Schiff S. Volumetric brain analysis in neurosurgery: Part 1. Particle filter segmentation of brain and cerebrospinal fluid growth dynamics from MRI and CT images. Journal Of Neurosurgery Pediatrics 2014, 15: 113-24. PMID: 25431902, DOI: 10.3171/2014.9.peds12426.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEdge trackerParticle filterGround vehicle navigationBrain image analysisCT imagesMRI data setsImage segmentationSegmentation algorithmAutonomous airVehicle navigationAccurate edgesNovel algorithmManual segmentationSegmentationMR imagesBrain dataVolumetric brain analysisData setsImage analysisSemiautomatic methodImagesModality independenceHistorical dataAlgorithmMRI dataVolumetric brain analysis in neurosurgery: Part 2. Brain and CSF volumes discriminate neurocognitive outcomes in hydrocephalus.
Mandell J, Kulkarni A, Warf B, Schiff S. Volumetric brain analysis in neurosurgery: Part 2. Brain and CSF volumes discriminate neurocognitive outcomes in hydrocephalus. Journal Of Neurosurgery Pediatrics 2014, 15: 125-32. PMID: 25431901, DOI: 10.3171/2014.9.peds12427.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontal-occipital horn ratioNeurocognitive outcomesBrain volumeCSF volumeFluid volumePediatric patientsBrain developmentEvaluation of hydrocephalusGoal of treatmentSmaller brain volumesLower cognitive outcomesPoor neurocognitive outcomesNormal brain developmentLarge fluid volumesHealthy brain developmentVolumetric brain analysisSurgical treatmentVentricular sizeHydrocephalic patientsCT scanHydrocephalusPatientsBayley ScalesBrain growthFine motorVolumetric brain analysis in neurosurgery: Part 3. Volumetric CT analysis as a predictor of seizure outcome following temporal lobectomy.
Mandell J, Hill K, Nguyen D, Moser K, Harbaugh R, McInerney J, Nsubuga B, Mugamba J, Johnson D, Warf B, Boling W, Webb A, Schiff S. Volumetric brain analysis in neurosurgery: Part 3. Volumetric CT analysis as a predictor of seizure outcome following temporal lobectomy. Journal Of Neurosurgery Pediatrics 2014, 15: 133-43. PMID: 25431899, DOI: 10.3171/2014.9.peds12428.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAnterior Temporal LobectomyBrainCerebrospinal FluidChildChild, PreschoolCognitionCone-Beam Computed TomographyEpilepsy, Temporal LobeFemaleFrontal LobeHumansHydrocephalusInfantMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNeurosurgical ProceduresOccipital LobeOrgan SizePredictive Value of TestsSeizuresTreatment OutcomeUgandaConceptsTemporal lobe volumeMesial temporal sclerosisTemporal lobe epilepsyTemporal lobe resectionSeizure outcomeTemporal lobeVolumetric CT analysisBrain volumeLobe volumeSeizure controlStructural MRILobe resectionEngel class Ia outcomeClass Ia outcomeSelection of patientsCT volumetric analysisPreoperative CT scanSmaller brain volumesSmaller temporal lobeCURE Children's HospitalIncomplete seizure controlNormalized brain volumeWhole brain volumeCT analysisTemporal lobe structures
2012
Rainfall drives hydrocephalus in East Africa.
Schiff S, Ranjeva S, Sauer T, Warf B. Rainfall drives hydrocephalus in East Africa. Journal Of Neurosurgery Pediatrics 2012, 10: 161-7. PMID: 22768966, DOI: 10.3171/2012.5.peds11557.Peer-Reviewed Original Research