Featured Publications
Entrustable professional activities as a training and assessment framework in undergraduate medical education: A case study of a multi-institutional pilot
Encandela J, Shaull L, Jayas A, Amiel J, Brown D, Obeso V, Ryan M, Andriole D. Entrustable professional activities as a training and assessment framework in undergraduate medical education: A case study of a multi-institutional pilot. Medical Education Online 2023, 28: 2175405. PMID: 36794397, PMCID: PMC9937016, DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2175405.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCore Entrustable Professional ActivitiesEntrustable professional activitiesAmerican Medical CollegesEPA frameworkProfessional activityInter-school collaborationUndergraduate medical educationForm of assessmentHigh-stakes decisionsConstant comparative methodCurriculum reformStudent progressSchool capabilitySchool teamsFormative feedbackEPA implementationMedical educationImplementation experienceSchool progressSchoolsFurther implementation effortsStudentsCase studyConventional content analysisVaried perceptionsPerspectives on the Effectiveness of a Medical Futility Policy.
Kaps B, Chen HA, Kopf GS, Encandela J. Perspectives on the Effectiveness of a Medical Futility Policy. The Journal Of Clinical Ethics 2021, 32: 48-60. PMID: 33656456, DOI: 10.1086/jce2021321048.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFocus groupsHospital ethics committeeFutile interventionsSimilar policiesInstitutional policiesOverarching findingPolicyFamily membersFutility policiesEthics consultationMixed perceptionsYale-New Haven HospitalEthics CommitteeMain themesLevel of interpretationCritical care physiciansPractice policiesNew Haven HospitalCommon themesCertain groupsInstitutionsThemesCare physiciansHospital policiesAppropriate interventions
2023
Feedback Culture Perceived by Trainees in an Academic Institution: A Mixed Methods Study.
Phatak U, Encandela J, Green M, Slade M, Osborn R, Weiss P. Feedback Culture Perceived by Trainees in an Academic Institution: A Mixed Methods Study. Hospital Pediatrics 2023, 13: 984-991. PMID: 37791431, DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2022-007004.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2022
Variation in medical humanities program mission statements in United States and Canadian Medical Schools
Adams Z, Mekbib K, Encandela J, Reisman A. Variation in medical humanities program mission statements in United States and Canadian Medical Schools. Medical Teacher 2022, 45: 615-622. PMID: 36448773, DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2022.2151886.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedical humanities programHumanities programsWord frequency analysisSociocultural awarenessContent analysisMission statementsMedical humanitiesInterdisciplinary fieldThemesU.S. NewsPatient careCommunity relationshipsCore themesProvider experienceWorld ReportResearch degreesSchoolsScholarshipHumanityStatementsNewsPrimary careClinical degreeExperienceU.S.Assessment of a hemodialysis E-curriculum in postgraduate nephrology education: A pilot mixed methods study.
Krishnan N, Brannan E, Hafler J, Brennan-Wydra E, Encandela J. Assessment of a hemodialysis E-curriculum in postgraduate nephrology education: A pilot mixed methods study. Clinical Nephrology 2022, 98: 247-255. PMID: 36149024, DOI: 10.5414/cn110778.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsE-curriculumCurriculum completionSelf-motivated learnersAsynchronous e-learningKey competency areasSequential mixed-methods designOnline educational moduleMixed methods designMulti-institutional pilot studySelf-assessment sectionCurriculum assessmentLearning environmentCollaborative learningKinesthetic learnersLearners’ attitudesE-learningNephrology educationU.S. training programsE-moduleLearners' knowledgeActive learningLevel of knowledgeEducational moduleAnimated videoCompetency areasThriving in Neurology Residency
Dewey J, Encandela J, Moeller J. Thriving in Neurology Residency. Neurology 2022, 98: e1397-e1405. PMID: 35101910, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200031.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpposite of burnoutStrong emergent themeHigh-stress situationsPositive psychologyPsychological safetyTraining contextTendency of residentsAppreciative interviewsBurnoutPhysician burnoutPositive aspectsEffective interventionsOrganizational domainsYears of trainingAppreciative inquiryNumerous themesInterview techniqueSupportive wayEmergent themesTrainingPhenomenologic perspectiveQualitative studyMedical educatorsAdequate supportExperience
2021
Multifaceted Approach to Evaluation in a Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Rotation for Medical Students
Solotke MT, Crabtree J, Cron J, Kallen A, Encandela J, Vash-Margita A. Multifaceted Approach to Evaluation in a Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Rotation for Medical Students. Journal Of Pediatric And Adolescent Gynecology 2021, 35: 270-276. PMID: 34906684, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2021.12.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical knowledgeProspective pre-post studyClinical skillsPre-post studyEntrustable professional activitiesSignificant increaseT-testStudent's t-testClinical rotationsPost-rotation surveyMedical students' clinical skillsAdolescent gynecologyPilot studyCenter participantsMedical studentsStudents' clinical skillsMean pretest scoreGynecology rotationKnowledge/skill gapsMean posttest scoreFinal dayDescriptive statisticsSurvey settingsEntire populationScoresThe Time Is Now: Teaching Psychiatry Residents to Understand and Respond to Oppression through the Development of the Human Experience Track
Balasuriya L, Isom J, Cyrus K, Ali H, Sloan A, Arnaout B, Steinfeld M, DeSouza F, Jordan A, Encandela J, Rohrbaugh R. The Time Is Now: Teaching Psychiatry Residents to Understand and Respond to Oppression through the Development of the Human Experience Track. Academic Psychiatry 2021, 45: 78-83. PMID: 33512693, DOI: 10.1007/s40596-021-01399-x.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2020
Are Internal Medicine Residents Meeting the Bar? Comparing Resident Knowledge and Self-Efficacy to Published Palliative Care Competencies
Moyer KM, Ellman MS, Encandela J, Morrison LJ. Are Internal Medicine Residents Meeting the Bar? Comparing Resident Knowledge and Self-Efficacy to Published Palliative Care Competencies. American Journal Of Hospice And Palliative Medicine® 2020, 38: 326-331. PMID: 32878472, DOI: 10.1177/1049909120954807.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPC competenciesPrimary palliative care educationIM residentsInternal medicine residents' knowledgePalliative care competenciesPalliative care principlesPalliative care educationResidents' knowledgeInternal medicine residentsSelf-Efficacy InventoryHalf of respondentsKnowledge testSymptom managementTerminal careCare competenciesLife carePC knowledgeSelf-efficacy scoresCare principlesPC curriculumCare educationMedicine residentsResident competencyOne-way ANOVACareReviewing the Reviewer: Medical Student Course Feedback as a Marker of Professional Identity Formation.
Brennan-Wydra E, Encandela JA, Shenson D. Reviewing the Reviewer: Medical Student Course Feedback as a Marker of Professional Identity Formation. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2020, 93: 391-401. PMID: 32874144, PMCID: PMC7448391.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProfessional identity formationIdentity formationStudents' professional identity formationStudent course feedbackMedical school careersMedical student evaluationsFirst-year courseFirst-year studentsFull academic yearUsefulness of commentsSmall group sessionsCharacteristics of commentsOpen-ended commentsSchool careerStudent commentsStudent evaluationsSemester evaluationsAcademic yearCourse feedbackProfessional identityMedical studentsEvaluative commentsStudentsMedical traineesYale SchoolTeaching public speaking to medical students
Nie J, Torabi S, Peck C, Niles H, Encandela J. Teaching public speaking to medical students. The Clinical Teacher 2020, 17: 606-611. PMID: 32202383, DOI: 10.1111/tct.13153.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2019
Establishing a Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Subinternship for Medical Students
Solotke M, Crabtree J, Encandela J, Vash-Margita A. Establishing a Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Subinternship for Medical Students. Journal Of Pediatric And Adolescent Gynecology 2019, 33: 104-109. PMID: 31672667, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2019.10.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedical studentsYoung female patientMaternal-fetal medicineHealth care needsDelivery of careNorth American medical schoolsUndergraduate medical education levelTraining opportunitiesFemale patientsAdolescent patientsGynecologic oncologyAmerican medical schoolsMedical school levelSurgical opportunityMedical education levelCare needsClinical experienceGynecology communityFetal medicineInternal medicineSupervised clinical experienceLearning activitiesSchool levelElective courseFamily medicineA novel near‐peer reflective writing workshop
Herrick‐Reynolds K, Sewanan LR, Zheng DJ, Wang P, Encandela J, Shahu A, Reisman A. A novel near‐peer reflective writing workshop. The Clinical Teacher 2019, 16: 339-344. PMID: 31397104, DOI: 10.1111/tct.13057.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFellows as Medical Educators: Implementation and Evaluation of a Curriculum to Improve Pediatric Fellow Teaching Skills
Timme KH, Hafler JP, Encandela J, Colson ER, Weinzimer SA, Asnes A, Gaither JR, Guest J, Murtha TD, Weiss P. Fellows as Medical Educators: Implementation and Evaluation of a Curriculum to Improve Pediatric Fellow Teaching Skills. Academic Pediatrics 2019, 20: 140-142. PMID: 31330315, DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.07.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA New Competency-Based Instrument to Assess Resident Knowledge and Self-Efficacy in Primary Palliative Care
Moyer KM, Morrison LJ, Encandela J, Kennedy C, Ellman MS. A New Competency-Based Instrument to Assess Resident Knowledge and Self-Efficacy in Primary Palliative Care. American Journal Of Hospice And Palliative Medicine® 2019, 37: 117-122. PMID: 31213089, DOI: 10.1177/1049909119855612.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary palliative care educationPrimary palliative careEducational interventionPalliative care competenciesPalliative care educationResidents' knowledgeResident competencyGraduate Medical EducationInternal medicine residentsPsychometric propertiesSymptom managementPalliative careSelf-Efficacy InventoryTerminal careCare competenciesPC principlesKnowledge testCompetency-based instrumentStandard item analysisCronbach's αCare educationMedicine residentsPromising psychometric propertiesCareInternal consistencyPediatric Residents’ Beliefs and Behaviors About Health Care for Sexual and Gender Minority Youth
Zelin NS, Encandela J, Van Deusen T, Fenick AM, Qin L, Talwalkar JS. Pediatric Residents’ Beliefs and Behaviors About Health Care for Sexual and Gender Minority Youth. Clinical Pediatrics 2019, 58: 1415-1422. PMID: 31130009, DOI: 10.1177/0009922819851264.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPrinciples and Practices for Developing an Integrated Medical School Curricular Sequence About Sexual and Gender Minority Health
Encandela J, Zelin NS, Solotke M, Schwartz ML. Principles and Practices for Developing an Integrated Medical School Curricular Sequence About Sexual and Gender Minority Health. Teaching And Learning In Medicine 2019, 31: 319-334. PMID: 30661414, DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2018.1559167.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAmerican Medical CollegesCurricular componentsCurricular sequenceGender minority patientsCurriculum development practicesRevision of curriculaMedical education environmentMedical education communityGender minority contentLanguage of collaborationGender minority healthMedical CollegeNew curriculumStudent developmentCurriculum evaluationEducation communityEducation environmentCore principlesCurricular interventionsProfessional competenciesFaculty ownershipFaculty rolesMedical studentsCurriculumMinority content
2018
Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound: Does it Affect Scores on Standardized Assessment Tests Used Within the Preclinical Curriculum?
Liu RB, Suwondo DN, Donroe JH, Encandela JA, Weisenthal KS, Moore CL. Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound: Does it Affect Scores on Standardized Assessment Tests Used Within the Preclinical Curriculum? Journal Of Ultrasound In Medicine 2018, 38: 433-440. PMID: 30058124, DOI: 10.1002/jum.14709.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObjective structured clinical examination scoresMedical school curriculumClinical examination assessmentStandardized assessment testsClinical examination scoresUnited States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scoresStep 1 scoresPhysical examination portionPreclinical curriculumSchool curriculumCurricular integrationStudent AssessmentSkill objectivesClinical curriculumPilot curriculumMedical schoolsCourse resultsCurriculumStandardized objective assessmentPOCUS curriculumPOCUS programExamination scoresExamination assessmentPilot groupProgram implementationUnderstanding Health Disparities Through the Eyes of Community Members: a Structural Competency Education Intervention
Bromage B, Encandela JA, Cranford M, Diaz E, Williamson B, Spell VT, Rohrbaugh RM. Understanding Health Disparities Through the Eyes of Community Members: a Structural Competency Education Intervention. Academic Psychiatry 2018, 43: 244-247. PMID: 29761285, DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-0937-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA Neurology Clerkship Curriculum Using Video-Based Lectures and Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT)
Dominguez M, DiCapua D, Leydon G, Loomis C, Longbrake EE, Schaefer SM, Becker KP, Detyniecki K, Gottschalk C, Salardini A, Encandela JA, Moeller JJ. A Neurology Clerkship Curriculum Using Video-Based Lectures and Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT). MedEdPORTAL 2018, 14: 10691. PMID: 30800891, PMCID: PMC6342385, DOI: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10691.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVideo-based lecturesTime teachingStudent performanceMost studentsNeurology clerkshipClerkship examinationStudent focus groupsSurvey of studentsFocus groupsMultiple-choice questionsSense of responsibilityClerkship curriculumLearning activitiesNew curriculumTeaching activitiesClinical clerkshipsPerson lecturesFaculty lecturersEducational strategiesLong lecturesStudentsKnowledge assessmentTeachingCurriculumClerkship