Toxicity of waterpipe tobacco smoking: the role of flavors, sweeteners, humectants, and charcoal
Kassem N, Strongin R, Stroup A, Brinkman M, El-Hellani A, Erythropel H, Etemadi A, Goniewicz M, Hansen E, Kassem N, Li D, Liles S, Noël A, Rezk-Hanna M, Wang Q, Rahman I. Toxicity of waterpipe tobacco smoking: the role of flavors, sweeteners, humectants, and charcoal. Toxicological Sciences 2024, 201: 159-173. PMID: 39037923, PMCID: PMC11424890, DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae095.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchWaterpipe tobaccoWaterpipe tobacco smokingPublic health concernTobacco regulationTobacco alternativesHealth concernSmokingIncreased riskYoung adultsHealth effectsAnimal modelsHealthTobacco flavorTobaccoInhalation toxicityPre-packagedBiomarkers of exposureUnited StatesPotential toxicityToxicityWaterpipeIncreasing appealCigaretteAdultsUse