2016
HLA‐DR polymorphisms influence in vivo responses to staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin‐1 in a transgenic mouse model
Krogman A, Tilahun A, David CS, Chowdhary VR, Alexander MP, Rajagopalan G. HLA‐DR polymorphisms influence in vivo responses to staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin‐1 in a transgenic mouse model. HLA 2016, 89: 20-28. PMID: 27863161, DOI: 10.1111/tan.12930.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchToxic shock syndrome toxin-1Class II moleculesMHC class II moleculesHLA-DR allelesSyndrome toxin-1Transgenic miceImmune activationHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) transgenic miceSpecific HLA class II allelesToxin 1Cytokine/chemokine responsesMajor histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II moleculesNonmenstrual toxic shock syndromeDifferent HLA-DR allelesHLA class II allelesStaphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1Severe organ pathologyDifferent HLA-DRB1 allelesMultiple immune parametersT cell expansionHLA-DRB1 allelesToxic shock syndromeTransgenic mouse modelOutcome of diseaseClass II alleles
2015
Superantigen-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Elicits Systemic Immune Activation in a Murine Wound Colonization Model
Kim C, Karau M, Greenwood-Quaintance K, Tilahun A, Krogman A, David C, Pritt B, Patel R, Rajagopalan G. Superantigen-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Elicits Systemic Immune Activation in a Murine Wound Colonization Model. Toxins 2015, 7: 5308-5319. PMID: 26670252, PMCID: PMC4690136, DOI: 10.3390/toxins7124886.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystemic immune activationImmune activationT cellsS. aureusSerum IL-17 levelsSystemic immunologic effectsIL-17 levelsSpleens of miceWound infection modelImmunologic effectsInflammatory changesHLA-DR3Wound infectionCommon causeTransgenic miceUninfected woundsDay 8Immune systemClinical implicationsInfection modelMiceSkin woundsWoundsMicrobial challengeStaphylococcus aureusSuperantigens produced by catheter-associated Staphylococcus aureus elicit systemic inflammatory disease in the absence of bacteremia
Chung J, Greenwood-Quaintance K, Karau MJ, Tilahun A, Khaleghi SR, Chowdhary VR, David CS, Patel R, Rajagopalan G. Superantigens produced by catheter-associated Staphylococcus aureus elicit systemic inflammatory disease in the absence of bacteremia. Journal Of Leukocyte Biology 2015, 98: 271-281. PMID: 25979434, PMCID: PMC4501677, DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4a1214-577rr.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCatheter-Related InfectionsCatheters, IndwellingCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesEnterotoxinsGene DeletionHistocompatibility AntigensHumansKidneyLiverLungLymphocyte ActivationMiceMice, TransgenicReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaSpleenStaphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcus aureusSuperantigensConceptsS. aureusHLA-DR3 transgenic miceLong intravenous catheterSystemic immune activationSerum cytokine levelsSystemic inflammatory diseaseAbsence of bacteremiaMHC class II moleculesInvasive staphylococcal diseaseToxigenic S. aureusClinical S. aureus isolatesS. aureus isolatesClass II moleculesIsogenic S. aureusCytokine levelsHLA-DR3Immune activationInflammatory diseasesIntravenous cathetersStaphylococcal diseaseRole of SAgsDevice-associated infectionsT cellsClinical consequencesForeign body
2014
Systemic Inflammatory Response Elicited by Superantigen Destabilizes T Regulatory Cells, Rendering Them Ineffective during Toxic Shock Syndrome
Tilahun AY, Chowdhary VR, David CS, Rajagopalan G. Systemic Inflammatory Response Elicited by Superantigen Destabilizes T Regulatory Cells, Rendering Them Ineffective during Toxic Shock Syndrome. The Journal Of Immunology 2014, 193: 2919-2930. PMID: 25092888, PMCID: PMC4157092, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400980.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdoptive TransferAnimalsAntibodiesAntigen-Antibody ComplexEnterotoxinsGlucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related ProteinGlucocorticoidsHLA-DR alpha-ChainsHLA-DR beta-ChainsHLA-DR3 AntigenInterferon-gammaInterleukin-17Interleukin-2Lymphocyte ActivationMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMiceMice, TransgenicReceptors, Tumor Necrosis FactorShock, SepticStaphylococcal InfectionsSuperantigensT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryUp-RegulationConceptsToxic shock syndromeEndogenous TregsRegulatory cellsShock syndromeT cellsGlucocorticoid-induced TNFR family-related receptorCommunity-acquired methicillin-resistant strainsEx vivoHLA-DR3 transgenic miceSerum IFN-γ levelsFailure of TregsSystemic inflammatory responseIL-2/T regulatory (Treg) cellsIFN-γ levelsConventional T cellsLife-threatening infectionsMethicillin-resistant strainsT cell activationS. aureus strainsTreg numbersAdoptive transferIL-17Immune activationInflammatory response
2008
CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 PATHWAY AND ITS THERAPEUTIC INHIBITION IN SUPERANTIGEN-INDUCED TOXIC SHOCK
Rajagopalan G, Asmann Y, Lytle A, Tilahun A, Theuer J, Smart M, Patel R, David C. CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 PATHWAY AND ITS THERAPEUTIC INHIBITION IN SUPERANTIGEN-INDUCED TOXIC SHOCK. Shock 2008, 30: 721-728. PMID: 18496243, DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e31817048f7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsToxic shock syndromeTherapeutic inhibitionAcute systemic inflammatory responseSevere toxic shock syndromeCytokine/chemokine productionT-cell activation/proliferationPotent T cell activatorsStrong immune activationMultiple organ dysfunctionSystemic inflammatory responseCOX-2 pathwayTransgenic mouse modelActivation/proliferationT cell activatorsT cell activationAgent of bioterrorismOrgan dysfunctionChemokine productionImmune activationFamily of exotoxinsShock syndromeEffective therapyInflammatory responseMicroarray-based gene expression profilingCOX-2
2006
Acute systemic immune activation following vaginal exposure to staphylococcal enterotoxin B—Implications for menstrual shock
Rajagopalan G, Smart M, Murali N, Patel R, David C. Acute systemic immune activation following vaginal exposure to staphylococcal enterotoxin B—Implications for menstrual shock. Journal Of Reproductive Immunology 2006, 73: 51-59. PMID: 17070600, DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2006.06.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMenstrual toxic shock syndromeSystemic immune activationHLA class II transgenic miceStaphylococcal enterotoxin BII transgenic miceImmune activationToxic shock syndromeSuperantigenic exotoxinsShock syndromeVaginal administrationTransgenic miceAcute systemic inflammatory diseaseSystemic inflammatory diseaseToxic shock syndrome toxinPeripheral lymphoid organsSEB-reactiveVaginal exposureProinflammatory cytokinesConjunctival routeLeukocytic infiltrationProfound elevationInflammatory diseasesLymphoid organsStaphylococcal superantigensT cellsAcute Systemic Immune Activation following Conjunctival Exposure to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B
Rajagopalan G, Smart M, Patel R, David C. Acute Systemic Immune Activation following Conjunctival Exposure to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B. Infection And Immunity 2006, 74: 6016-6019. PMID: 16988282, PMCID: PMC1594882, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00671-06.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIntranasal Exposure to Bacterial Superantigens Induces Airway Inflammation in HLA Class II Transgenic Mice
Rajagopalan G, Iijima K, Singh M, Kita H, Patel R, David C. Intranasal Exposure to Bacterial Superantigens Induces Airway Inflammation in HLA Class II Transgenic Mice. Infection And Immunity 2006, 74: 1284-1296. PMID: 16428778, PMCID: PMC1360368, DOI: 10.1128/iai.74.2.1284-1296.2006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHLA-DQ8 transgenic miceStaphylococcal enterotoxin BSystemic immune activationAirway inflammationIntranasal exposureTransgenic miceImmune activationIntranasal routeSuperantigen exotoxinsHLA class II transgenic miceHLA-DR3 transgenic miceMajor histocompatibility complex class IIBALB/c miceHistocompatibility complex class IIHLA-DR3 miceII transgenic miceInduces airway inflammationEosinophilic airway inflammationNeutrophilic airway inflammationEosinophilic inflammatory responseStreptococcal pyrogenic exotoxinMurine major histocompatibility complex class IIAirway destructionSerious infectionsC mice