2022
SARS-CoV-2 Attack Rate and Population Immunity in Southern New England, March 2020 to May 2021
Tran TN, Wikle NB, Yang F, Inam H, Leighow S, Gentilesco B, Chan P, Albert E, Strong ER, Pritchard JR, Hanage WP, Hanks EM, Crawford FW, Boni MF. SARS-CoV-2 Attack Rate and Population Immunity in Southern New England, March 2020 to May 2021. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e2214171. PMID: 35616938, PMCID: PMC9136627, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.14171.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh vaccine coveragePopulation immunityPublic health agenciesVaccine coverageVaccination campaignMAIN OUTCOMECOVID-19 positive test resultsSARS-CoV-2 attack ratesIntensive care unit occupancyHealth agenciesLarge epidemic waveProportion of vaccinesAttack rateObservational case seriesPopulation-level immunitySARS-CoV-2Median ageCase seriesCOVID-19 casesPercentage of individualsVaccination planningDelta variantOngoing epidemicPandemic settingVaccineVaccination with BNT162b2 reduces transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to household contacts in Israel
Prunas O, Warren JL, Crawford FW, Gazit S, Patalon T, Weinberger DM, Pitzer VE. Vaccination with BNT162b2 reduces transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to household contacts in Israel. Science 2022, 375: eabl4292. PMID: 35084937, PMCID: PMC9261115, DOI: 10.1126/science.abl4292.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVaccine effectivenessSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Syndrome coronavirus 2Effectiveness of vaccinesEffectiveness of vaccinationTotal vaccine effectivenessSARS-CoV-2Household contactsSecond doseCoronavirus 2Household transmissionDelta variantDay 10VaccinationBNT162b2COVID-19InfectionChain binomial modelVaccineDoseImmunity
2020
Repeat SARS-CoV-2 testing models for residential college populations
Chang JT, Crawford FW, Kaplan EH. Repeat SARS-CoV-2 testing models for residential college populations. Health Care Management Science 2020, 24: 305-318. PMID: 33200374, PMCID: PMC7669307, DOI: 10.1007/s10729-020-09526-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEstimation of Excess Deaths Associated With the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States, March to May 2020
Weinberger DM, Chen J, Cohen T, Crawford FW, Mostashari F, Olson D, Pitzer VE, Reich NG, Russi M, Simonsen L, Watkins A, Viboud C. Estimation of Excess Deaths Associated With the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States, March to May 2020. JAMA Internal Medicine 2020, 180: 1336-1344. PMID: 32609310, PMCID: PMC7330834, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3391.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19Excess deathsOfficial COVID-19 deathsCoronavirus disease 2019Entire US populationPublic health impactCOVID-19 diagnostic testsCOVID-19 burdenCOVID-19 deathsCause deathReported deathsMortality burdenObservational studyDisease 2019Influenza activityMAIN OUTCOMEDeath AssociatedWeekly deathsTotal deathsUS deathsMore deathsDeath recordsUS populationHealth StatisticsTest availabilityTransmission Modeling with Regression Adjustment for Analyzing Household-based Studies of Infectious Disease: Application to Tuberculosis.
Crawford FW, Marx FM, Zelner J, Cohen T. Transmission Modeling with Regression Adjustment for Analyzing Household-based Studies of Infectious Disease: Application to Tuberculosis. Epidemiology 2020, 31: 238-247. PMID: 31764276, PMCID: PMC7718772, DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001143.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSusceptible household contactsHousehold contactsTB casesBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinationInfected household contactsIsoniazid preventive therapyActive tuberculosis casesCulture-positive casesRisk of diseaseCohort studyMicrobiological confirmationPreventive therapyTuberculosis casesRisk factorsInfection resultsAdult contactsInfection riskInfectious diseasesLogistic regressionRate of transmissionTransmissible diseasesDiseaseIndividual-level characteristicsHigher hazardDisease susceptibility
2019
Divergent estimates of HIV incidence among people who inject drugs in Ukraine
Morozova O, Booth RE, Dvoriak S, Dumchev K, Sazonova Y, Saliuk T, Crawford FW. Divergent estimates of HIV incidence among people who inject drugs in Ukraine. International Journal Of Drug Policy 2019, 73: 156-162. PMID: 31405731, PMCID: PMC6899203, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.07.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV incidenceStudy subjectsBio-behavioral surveillance surveysRecent syringe sharingPopulation of PWIDLongitudinal cohort studyDrug of choiceLow-risk individualsCross-sectional surveyBaseline characteristicsCohort studyAverage monthly numberRisk stratificationSyringe sharingIntervention trialsSurveillance SurveyHigh incidenceRisk individualsRCTsPWIDStudy designIncidenceDrugsFuture surveillanceSignificant differencesEmpirical evidence of recruitment bias in a network study of people who inject drugs
Zeng L, Li J, Crawford FW. Empirical evidence of recruitment bias in a network study of people who inject drugs. The American Journal Of Drug And Alcohol Abuse 2019, 45: 460-469. PMID: 30896982, PMCID: PMC7680667, DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1584203.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2017
The Burden of Stigma on Health and Well-Being: A Taxonomy of Concealment, Course, Disruptiveness, Aesthetics, Origin, and Peril Across 93 Stigmas
Pachankis JE, Hatzenbuehler ML, Wang K, Burton CL, Crawford FW, Phelan JC, Link BG. The Burden of Stigma on Health and Well-Being: A Taxonomy of Concealment, Course, Disruptiveness, Aesthetics, Origin, and Peril Across 93 Stigmas. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin 2017, 44: 451-474. PMID: 29290150, PMCID: PMC5837924, DOI: 10.1177/0146167217741313.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHIV Testing and awareness of HIV status among people who inject drugs in greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Bazazi AR, Vijay A, Crawford FW, Heimer R, Kamarulzaman A, Altice FL. HIV Testing and awareness of HIV status among people who inject drugs in greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. AIDS Care 2017, 30: 59-64. PMID: 28803503, PMCID: PMC5699941, DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2017.1363852.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV testingCompulsory drug detention centersHIV statusCorrelates of testingHIV-positive PWIDHIV testing servicesHigh-risk populationHIV testing policiesRecent criminal justice involvementRespondent-driven samplingMost PWIDHIV treatmentHIV epidemicVoluntary testingCriminal justice involvementPWIDHIVTesting recommendationsKuala LumpurTesting behaviorMandatory testingPrimary locationGreater Kuala LumpurMain correlatesTesting servicesHIV Risk, Prevalence, and Access to Care Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Lebanon
Heimer R, Barbour R, Khouri D, Crawford FW, Shebl F, Aaraj E, Khoshnood K. HIV Risk, Prevalence, and Access to Care Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Lebanon. AIDS Research And Human Retroviruses 2017, 33: 1149-1154. PMID: 28540733, PMCID: PMC6913106, DOI: 10.1089/aid.2016.0326.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV testingHIV prevalenceExperiences of stigmaGroup sex encounterAnonymous HIV testingCases of HIVSpread of HIVNational-level surveillanceSpecific risk behaviorsSociodemographic situationRespondent-driven samplingAntiretroviral therapyHIV diagnosisHIV riskCondomless sexDrug useCondom useRisk behaviorsPrevalenceInterview questionnaireMSMMenSexual behaviorHIVBiobehavioral studies
2015
Obesity not associated with severity among hospitalized adults with seasonal influenza virus infection
Braun ES, Crawford FW, Desai MM, Meek J, Kirley PD, Miller L, Anderson EJ, Oni O, Ryan P, Lynfield R, Bargsten M, Bennett NM, Lung KL, Thomas A, Mermel E, Lindegren ML, Schaffner W, Price A, Chaves SS. Obesity not associated with severity among hospitalized adults with seasonal influenza virus infection. Infection 2015, 43: 569-575. PMID: 26148927, DOI: 10.1007/s15010-015-0802-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSeasonal influenza virus infectionMultivariate logistic regression modelSeasonal influenza severityLaboratory-confirmed influenzaRisk of pneumoniaInfluenza virus infectionLogistic regression modelsHospitalized adultsICU admissionObese patientsSevere obesityInfluenza severityArtificial ventilationVirus infectionWeight categoriesObesityPneumoniaSeverityRegression modelsAdultsUnderweightPatientsAdmissionInfectionInfluenza
2008
Relationship of pre-surgery metabolic and physiological MR imaging parameters to survival for patients with untreated GBM
Crawford FW, Khayal IS, McGue C, Saraswathy S, Pirzkall A, Cha S, Lamborn KR, Chang SM, Berger MS, Nelson SJ. Relationship of pre-surgery metabolic and physiological MR imaging parameters to survival for patients with untreated GBM. Journal Of Neuro-Oncology 2008, 91: 337. PMID: 19009235, PMCID: PMC3022444, DOI: 10.1007/s11060-008-9719-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAspartic AcidBrain MappingBrain NeoplasmsCholineCreatineDiagnosis, DifferentialDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingFemaleGlioblastomaHumansImage EnhancementImage Processing, Computer-AssistedKaplan-Meier EstimateLactic AcidLipidsMagnetic Resonance ImagingMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMaleMiddle AgedProtonsRadionuclide ImagingRetrospective StudiesConceptsGlioblastoma multiformeApparent diffusion coefficientPoor survivalConventional anatomical MR imagingAnatomical MR imagingUntreated glioblastoma multiformeT2 hyperintense lesionsMedian survival timeLow-risk groupBlood-brain barrierStratification of patientsContrast-enhancing lesionsPerfusion-weighted imagingDiffusion-weighted imagingPhysiological MRProton MR spectroscopicFavorable survivalSurgical resectionT2 lesionsHyperintense lesionsPrognostic valueBrain barrierElevated cholineClinical trialsLesion volumeEvaluation of MR markers that predict survival in patients with newly diagnosed GBM prior to adjuvant therapy
Saraswathy S, Crawford FW, Lamborn KR, Pirzkall A, Chang S, Cha S, Nelson SJ. Evaluation of MR markers that predict survival in patients with newly diagnosed GBM prior to adjuvant therapy. Journal Of Neuro-Oncology 2008, 91: 69-81. PMID: 18810326, PMCID: PMC3022437, DOI: 10.1007/s11060-008-9685-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlioblastoma multiformeRadiation therapyExternal beam radiation therapyLethal primary brain tumorProportional hazards analysisSurvival of patientsPrimary brain tumorsSpecific treatment protocolsBeam radiation therapyAdjuvant radiationAdjuvant therapySurgical resectionLesion burdenMR parametersPoor outcomeAnatomic lesionsPoor survivalScanner field strengthTreatment protocolStudy populationFocal therapyHigh riskBrain tumorsPatientsPredictive valueRelationship between choline and apparent diffusion coefficient in patients with gliomas
Khayal IS, Crawford FW, Saraswathy S, Lamborn KR, Chang SM, Cha S, McKnight TR, Nelson SJ. Relationship between choline and apparent diffusion coefficient in patients with gliomas. Journal Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2008, 27: 718-725. PMID: 18383265, PMCID: PMC3030277, DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21288.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2005
Differentiation of low-grade oligodendrogliomas from low-grade astrocytomas by using quantitative blood-volume measurements derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR imaging.
Cha S, Tihan T, Crawford F, Fischbein NJ, Chang S, Bollen A, Nelson SJ, Prados M, Berger MS, Dillon WP. Differentiation of low-grade oligodendrogliomas from low-grade astrocytomas by using quantitative blood-volume measurements derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR imaging. American Journal Of Neuroradiology 2005, 26: 266-73. PMID: 15709123, PMCID: PMC7974081.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBlood volume measurementsDSC-MR imagingLow-grade oligodendrogliomasMR imagingWorld Health Organization grade II astrocytomaGrade II astrocytomasContrast-enhanced MR imagingCerebral blood volume measurementsLow-grade astrocytomasContrast-enhanced MRLow-grade gliomasSpecific tumor markersDynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR imagingMaximum relative CBVDiagnosis of gliomaSurgical resectionConsecutive patientsHistologic confirmationHistologic subtypeCommon subtypeHistopathologic evaluationMorphologic aberrationsTumor vascularityTumor markersAnatomic imaging