2009
Four‐dimensional dynamics of MAPK information‐processing systems
Kholodenko BN, Birtwistle MR. Four‐dimensional dynamics of MAPK information‐processing systems. WIREs Mechanisms Of Disease 2009, 1: 28-44. PMID: 20182652, PMCID: PMC2826817, DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.16.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultiple target proteinsMyriad of stimuliCell surface receptorsMAPK cascadeActive kinasePhosphorylation signalsProtein phosphorylationCellular outcomesCytosolic localizationProtein kinaseEndocytotic traffickingPlasma membraneProtein activityTarget proteinsMembrane confinementXenopus eggsToggle switchKinaseMolecular motorsIntracellular gradientsSpatio-temporal guidanceLarge cellsFour-dimensional dynamicsPhosphorylationTrafficking
2000
Diffusion control of protein phosphorylation in signal transduction pathways
KHOLODENKO B, BROWN G, HOEK J. Diffusion control of protein phosphorylation in signal transduction pathways. Biochemical Journal 2000, 350: 901-907. PMID: 10970807, PMCID: PMC1221325, DOI: 10.1042/bj3500901.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProtein phosphorylationProtein kinasePhosphorylation fluxProtein diffusionSignal transduction pathwaysProtein phosphataseSpherical cellsTransduction pathwaysDifferent cellular geometriesCellular locationPlasma membranePlanar membranesKinaseCell membraneCellular geometryProtein diffusion coefficientsPhosphatasePhosphorylationCell centerProteinMembraneCellsSpatial gradientsCytoplasmPathway