A randomized controlled trial comparing embryo vitrification with slush nitrogen to liquid nitrogen in women undergoing frozen embryo transfer: embryology and clinical outcomes
Klimczak A, Osman E, Esbert M, Yildirim R, Whitehead C, Herlihy N, Hanson B, Roberts L, Seli E, Scott R. A randomized controlled trial comparing embryo vitrification with slush nitrogen to liquid nitrogen in women undergoing frozen embryo transfer: embryology and clinical outcomes. Human Reproduction 2025, deaf003. PMID: 39836897, DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaf003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFrozen embryo transferRandomized controlled trialsPregnancy outcomesIVF stimulationPre-clinical trialsEmbryo transferPregnancy rateFutility analysisPost-warming survival rateDATE OF FIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENT:University-affiliated infertility centerClinical pregnancy rateEmbryo transfer outcomesSustained implantation ratesPreimplantation genetic testingFIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENTBlastocyst biopsyEmbryological outcomesBlastocyst survivalEmbryo vitrificationHuman oocytesMiscarriage rateImplantation rateNo significant differenceBaseline characteristics