Xiao Xu, PhD, MA
Associate Professor
Research & Publications
Biography
News
Research Summary
As a health economist and health services researcher, Dr. Xu’s research examines factors that influence the quality, outcomes, and value of care, with a focus on women's health care. Her major projects include:
- Racial Disparity in Diagnostic Evaluation of Uterine Cancer (R01MD016386, PIs: Xiao Xu / Jason Wright, 08/27/2021-04/30/2025): This study aims to reduce racial disparity in the early diagnosis of uterine cancer by systematically examining patients’ diagnostic pathway and identifying barriers to early diagnosis in black women.
- Occult Uterine Cancer and Power Morcellation in Hysterectomy and Myomectomy (R01HS024702, PI: Xiao Xu, 07/01/2016-04/30/2020): This study examines the prevalence and characteristics of occult uterine cancer in women undergoing hysterectomy or myomectomy for presumed benign indications, the impact of uncontained power morcellation on cancer prognosis, and practice changes following the morcellation warning.
- Hospital Variation in Costs and Outcomes of Care for Childbirth (R01HS023801, PI: Xiao Xu, 04/01/2015-09/30/2019): This study examines hospital variation in costs and outcomes of care for childbirth hospitalizations and assesses hospital attributes and practices that are associated with high-value care (i.e., good outcomes and low costs).
In addition, Dr. Xu has led several studies examining risk factors for stillbirth deliveries and related maternal outcomes, hospital variation in gynecological practice; regional variation in medical expenditures among women with breast cancer; gender difference in recovery after acute myocardial infarction; and the impact of medical legal pressure on clinical practice, especially in obstetric care. She also collaborates widely with researchers on campus and across the country studying cost-effectiveness of health interventions, economic burden of obstetric/gynecologic conditions, and utilization of cancer treatment and screening services in women. Dr. Xu has served as a principal investigator or co-investigator on multiple research studies funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and various research foundations.
Coauthors
Research Interests
Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation; Comparative Effectiveness Research
Public Health Interests
Health Economics; Women's Health
Selected Publications
- Hospital variation in admissions to neonatal intensive care units by diagnosis severity and category.Haidari ES, Lee HC, Illuzzi JL, Phibbs CS, Lin H, Xu X. Hospital variation in admissions to neonatal intensive care units by diagnosis severity and category. Journal Of Perinatology : Official Journal Of The California Perinatal Association 2021, 41:468-477.
- Physician trajectories of abandoning long-course breast radiotherapy and their cost impact.Xu X, Soulos PR, Herrin J, Wang SY, Pollack CE, Evans SB, Yu JB, Gross CP. Physician trajectories of abandoning long-course breast radiotherapy and their cost impact. Health Services Research 2021, 56:497-506.
- Hospital variation in responses to safety warnings about power morcellation in hysterectomy.Xu X, Desai VB, Wright JD, Lin H, Schwartz PE, Gross CP. Hospital variation in responses to safety warnings about power morcellation in hysterectomy. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2021, 224:589.e1-589.e13.
- Endometrial Sampling for Preoperative Diagnosis of Uterine Leiomyosarcoma.Kho RM, Desai VB, Schwartz PE, Wright JD, Gross CP, Hutchison LM, Boscoe FP, Lin H, Xu X. Endometrial Sampling for Preoperative Diagnosis of Uterine Leiomyosarcoma. Journal Of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 2021.
- Low-Interventional Approaches to Intrapartum Care: Hospital Variation in Practice and Associated Factors.Lundsberg LS, Main EK, Lee HC, Lin H, Illuzzi JL, Xu X. Low-Interventional Approaches to Intrapartum Care: Hospital Variation in Practice and Associated Factors. Journal Of Midwifery & Women's Health 2020, 65:33-44.
- Trial of Labor After Two Prior Cesarean Deliveries: Patient and Hospital Characteristics and Birth Outcomes.Dombrowski M, Illuzzi JL, Reddy UM, Lipkind HS, Lee HC, Lin H, Lundsberg LS, Xu X. Trial of Labor After Two Prior Cesarean Deliveries: Patient and Hospital Characteristics and Birth Outcomes. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2020, 136:109-117.
- Optimal maternal and neonatal outcomes and associated hospital characteristics.Campbell KH, Illuzzi JL, Lee HC, Lin H, Lipkind HS, Lundsberg LS, Pettker CM, Xu X. Optimal maternal and neonatal outcomes and associated hospital characteristics. Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) 2019, 46:289-299.
- Prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of occult uterine cancer in presumed benign hysterectomy.Desai VB, Wright JD, Gross CP, Lin H, Boscoe FP, Hutchison LM, Schwartz PE, Xu X. Prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of occult uterine cancer in presumed benign hysterectomy. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2019, 221:39.e1-39.e14.
- Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Route, Resource Use, and Outcomes: Change After Power Morcellation Warning.Desai VB, Wright JD, Lin H, Gross CP, Sallah YH, Schwartz PE, Xu X. Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Route, Resource Use, and Outcomes: Change After Power Morcellation Warning. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2019, 134:227-238.
- Association Between Power Morcellation and Mortality in Women With Unexpected Uterine Cancer Undergoing Hysterectomy or Myomectomy.Xu X, Lin H, Wright JD, Gross CP, Boscoe FP, Hutchison LM, Schwartz PE, Desai VB. Association Between Power Morcellation and Mortality in Women With Unexpected Uterine Cancer Undergoing Hysterectomy or Myomectomy. Journal Of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal Of The American Society Of Clinical Oncology 2019, 37:3412-3424.
- Quality Assurance Practices in Obstetric Care: A Survey of Hospitals in California.Lundsberg LS, Lee HC, Dueñas GV, Gregory KD, Grossetta Nardini HK, Pettker CM, Illuzzi JL, Xu X. Quality Assurance Practices in Obstetric Care: A Survey of Hospitals in California. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2018, 131:214-223.
- Hospital variation in cost of childbirth and contributing factors: a cross-sectional study.Xu X, Lee HC, Lin H, Lundsberg LS, Pettker CM, Lipkind HS, Illuzzi JL. Hospital variation in cost of childbirth and contributing factors: a cross-sectional study. BJOG : An International Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology 2018, 125:829-839.
- Variation in Hospital Intrapartum Practices and Association With Cesarean Rate.Lundsberg LS, Illuzzi JL, Gariepy AM, Sheth SS, Pettker CM, Lee HC, Lipkind HS, Xu X. Variation in Hospital Intrapartum Practices and Association With Cesarean Rate. Journal Of Obstetric, Gynecologic, And Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN / NAACOG 2017, 46:5-17.
- Inpatient Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in the United States: Trends and Factors Associated With Approach Selection.Desai VB, Guo XM, Fan L, Wright J, Xu X. Inpatient Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in the United States: Trends and Factors Associated With Approach Selection. Journal Of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 2017, 24:151-158.e1.
- Regional Medicare Expenditures and Survival Among Older Women With Localized Breast Cancer.Tannenbaum S, Soulos PR, Herrin J, Mougalian S, Long JB, Wang R, Ma X, Gross CP, Xu X. Regional Medicare Expenditures and Survival Among Older Women With Localized Breast Cancer. Medical Care 2017, 55:1030-1038.
- Hospital Phenotypes in the Management of Patients Admitted for Acute Myocardial Infarction.Xu X, Li SX, Lin H, Normand SL, Lagu T, Desai N, Duan M, Kroch EA, Krumholz HM. Hospital Phenotypes in the Management of Patients Admitted for Acute Myocardial Infarction. Medical Care 2016, 54:929-36.
- Hospital Variation in the Practice of Bilateral Salpingectomy With Ovarian Conservation in 2012.Xu X, Desai VB. Hospital Variation in the Practice of Bilateral Salpingectomy With Ovarian Conservation in 2012. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2016, 127:297-305.
- The Role of Patient Factors, Cancer Characteristics, and Treatment Patterns in the Cost of Care for Medicare Beneficiaries with Breast Cancer.Xu X, Herrin J, Soulos PR, Saraf A, Roberts KB, Killelea BK, Wang SY, Long JB, Wang R, Ma X, Gross CP. The Role of Patient Factors, Cancer Characteristics, and Treatment Patterns in the Cost of Care for Medicare Beneficiaries with Breast Cancer. Health Services Research 2016, 51:167-86.
- Wide Variation Found In Hospital Facility Costs For Maternity Stays Involving Low-Risk Childbirth.Xu X, Gariepy A, Lundsberg LS, Sheth SS, Pettker CM, Krumholz HM, Illuzzi JL. Wide Variation Found In Hospital Facility Costs For Maternity Stays Involving Low-Risk Childbirth. Health Affairs (Project Hope) 2015, 34:1212-9.
- Sex differences in perceived stress and early recovery in young and middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction.Xu X, Bao H, Strait K, Spertus JA, Lichtman JH, D'Onofrio G, Spatz E, Bucholz EM, Geda M, Lorenze NP, Bueno H, Beltrame JF, Krumholz HM. Sex differences in perceived stress and early recovery in young and middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2015, 131:614-23.
- Cost-Effectiveness of Immediate Compared With Delayed Postpartum Etonogestrel Implant Insertion.Gariepy AM, Duffy JY, Xu X. Cost-Effectiveness of Immediate Compared With Delayed Postpartum Etonogestrel Implant Insertion. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2015, 126:47-55.
- Probability of pregnancy after sterilization: a comparison of hysteroscopic versus laparoscopic sterilization.Gariepy AM, Creinin MD, Smith KJ, Xu X. Probability of pregnancy after sterilization: a comparison of hysteroscopic versus laparoscopic sterilization. Contraception 2014, 90:174-81.
- Costs of a motivational enhancement therapy coupled with cognitive behavioral therapy versus brief advice for pregnant substance users.Xu X, Yonkers KA, Ruger JP. Costs of a motivational enhancement therapy coupled with cognitive behavioral therapy versus brief advice for pregnant substance users. PloS One 2014, 9:e95264.
- Cost-effectiveness of endometrial evaluation prior to morcellation in surgical procedures for prolapse.McPencow AM, Erekson EA, Guess MK, Martin DK, Patel DA, Xu X. Cost-effectiveness of endometrial evaluation prior to morcellation in surgical procedures for prolapse. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2013, 209:22.e1-9.
- Pelvic floor consequences of cesarean delivery on maternal request in women with a single birth: a cost-effectiveness analysis.Xu X, Ivy JS, Patel DA, Patel SN, Smith DG, Ransom SB, Fenner D, Delancey JO. Pelvic floor consequences of cesarean delivery on maternal request in women with a single birth: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Journal Of Women's Health (2002) 2010, 19:147-60.