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Joseph Akar, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine (Cardiology); Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Program, Internal Medicine; Director, Complex Ablation Program

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Joseph Akar, MD, PhD

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Yale Medicine

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Research Summary

I am currently an Associate Professor of Medicine in the Section of Cardiology at the Yale University School of Medicine and Director of Academic Electrophysiology and the Electrophysiology Laboratory at Yale-New Haven Hospital. During my fellowship in Cardiovascular Medicine at the University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, I completed a PhD in Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics. Following that I was Assistant Professor of Medicine at Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago and remained on faculty there for 5 years before joining Yale. I have dedicated my clinical and academic work over the past two decades to the study and treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). I take a systems biology approach to the study of AF, from the cellular to the population science level. My PhD thesis during fellowship focused on the study of the subcellular distribution of elements during the development of electrical and structural remodeling in AF. I continue to study the role of atrial structural remodeling in AF and I have received NIH funding (R01) to examine non-invasive imaging of matrix metalloproteases in large animal models. I have collaborated closely with biomedical engineers using signal analysis techniques to quantify spatiotemporal organization in AF, and continue to utilize in silico computer modeling and non-linear dynamics methodology to study the basic mechanisms of AF. Clinically, I have expertise in intracardiac echocardiographic (ICE) atrial imaging and using it to eliminate ionizing radiation use during AF ablation. I hold special interest in device remote monitoring and outcomes research and have compiled the only device database capable of relating AF burden to clinical outcomes. I am a member of the Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on Remote Interrogation and Monitoring for Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices. I am also the PI of the YALE-CORE data analytic site for the national ACC/NCDR Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Registry, and I am a member of the steering Committee of the ACC/NCDR Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Registry. My expertise in atrial remodeling and AF ablation is reflected in nominations for the writing group of the 2016 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus Statement on Atrial Cardiomyopathies and the 2017 Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus Statement on AF Ablation.

Specialized Terms: Mechanisms of atrial fibrillation; Ablation of atrial fibrillation; Molecular imaging of structural remodeling; Pericardial fat and arrhythmogenesis; Effect of remote device monitoring on patient outcomes; Atrial fibrillation burden; Clinical outcomes

Extensive Research Description

I take a systems biology approach to the study of AF, from the cellular to the population science level.

1. Basic Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation. A major focus of pre-clinical and clinical research interest is the study of electrical and structural remodeling processes that lead to the development of AF. This has been a major theme of my academic work over the past two decades. During my fellowship training at the University of Virginia I pursued a PhD in Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, focusing on the just recently described phenomena of electrical and structural remodeling in AF. I used animal models of AF to examine changes in the mitochondrial and subcellular distribution of different elements (Na, K, Cl, Mg) during the development of electrical remodeling. I also determined the relative contribution of atrial electrical and structural remodeling to the spatiotemporal organization of AF. I am currently the co-PI of an extramural NIH R01 grant performing non-invasive molecular imaging of activated matrix metalloproteinases as a substrate for the development of atrial structural remodeling and the precursor of fibrosis. The grant aims at developing novel techniques for early non-invasive assessment of AF vulnerability. This holds the potential for early detection and treatment of the disease before the onset of fibrosis. I have been collaborating with Dr. Lawrence Young and Dr. Fadi Akar to study the mouse model of AF induced by LKB1 deletion. My expertise in atrial remodeling has provided the opportunity to be a writing group member of the 2016 EHRA/HRS Consensus Statement on Atrial Cardiomyopathy.

a. Akar JG, Everett TH, Kok LC, Moorman JR, Haines DE. Effect of electrical and structural remodeling on spatiotemporal organization in acute and persistent atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2002; 13:1027-1034.

b. Akar JG, Everett TH, Ho RH, Craft J, Haines DE, Somlyo AP, Somlyo AV. Intracellular chloride accumulation and subcellular elemental distribution during atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2003; 107:1810-1815.

c. Mukherjee R, Akar JG, Wharton JM, Adams DK, McClure CD, Stroud RE, Rice AD, Desantis SM, Spinale FG, Gold MR. Plasma profiles of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of the metalloproteinases predict recurrence of atrial fibrillation following cardioversion. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2013; 6:528-35.

d. Kim GE, Ross JL, Xie C, Su KN, Zaha VG, Wu X, Palmeri M, Ashraf M, Akar JG, Russell KS, Akar FG, Young LH. LKB1 deletion causes early changes in atrial channel expression and electrophysiology prior to atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 108:197-208.

2. Dynamics of Atrial Fibrillation. I have a long-standing interest in using signal analysis techniques to identify mechanisms and quantify spatiotemporal organization of AF. Given the clinical importance of objectively measuring the level of AF electrogram fractionation, I worked closely with biomedical engineers to use signal analysis techniques (Fourier transforms, entropy, cross correlations and wavelet analysis) to quantify AF organization in time and space. More recently, I have turned my attention to using the non-linear dynamics methodology of Recurrence Quantitative Analysis (RQA) to examine basic pathophysiological mechanisms of AF. Using computer modeling I am applying RQA in silico to differentiate differentiate different AF mechanisms (i.e spiral wave reentry “rotors” versus multiple wavelet reentry), and subsequently applying the RQA analysis on human AF signals obtained at the time of ablation.

a. Everett TH, Moorman JR, Kok LC, Akar JG, Haines DE. Assessment of global atrial fibrillation organization to optimize the timing of atrial defibrillation. Circulation 2001; 103:2857-2861.

b. Everett TH, Akar JG, Kok LC, Moorman JR, Haines DE. Use of global atrial fibrillation organization to optimize the success of burst pace termination. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40:1831-1840.

c. Webber Jr. CL, Hu Z, Akar JG. Unstable Cardiac Singularities May Lead to Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Bifurc Chaos. 2011; 21: 1141–1151.

d. Hummel JP, Baher A, Buck B, Fanarjian M, Webber CL, Akar JG. A Method for Quantifying Recurrent Patterns of Local Wavefront Direction During Atrial Fibrillation. Comput Biology Medicine. 2017;89:497-504.

3. Reducing Ionizing Radiation During Fibrillation Ablation. I have significant expertise in the clinical use of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) in order to eliminate ionizing radiation during AF ablation. I performed the first-in-man evaluation of the novel 3D ICE catheters and under my direction, the Yale-New Haven Hospital EP laboratory frequently hosts physicians interested in learning ICE skills and fluoroscopy reduction techniques. I am a writing group member of the 2014 Heart Rhythm Society Consensus Statement on EP Laboratory Standards, and the 2017 Heart Rhythm Society Consensus Statement on AF Ablation.

Ruisi CP, Brysiewicz N, Asnes JD, Sugeng L, Marieb M, Clancy J, Akar JG. Use of Intracardiac Echocardiography during Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2013; 36:781-8.

a. Brysiewicz N, Mitiku T, Haleem K, Bhatt P, Al-Shaaraoui M, Clancy JF, Marieb MA, Sugeng L, Akar JG. Three-Dimensional Real-Time Intracardiac Echocardiographic Visualization of Atrial Structures Relevant to Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. JACC Imaging. 2014;7:97-100.

b. Haines DE, Beheiry S, Akar JG, Baker JL, Beinborn D, Beshai JF, Brysiewicz N, Chiu-Man C, Collins KK, Dare M, Fetterly K, Fisher JD, Hongo R, Irefin S, Lopez J, Miller JM, Perry JC, Slotwiner DJ, Tomassoni GF, Weiss E. Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus Statement on Electrophysiology Laboratory Standards: Process, Protocols, Equipment, Personnel, and Safety. Heart Rhythm. 2014 May 7, S1547-5271.

c. Yu R, Liu N, Lu J, Zhao X, Hu Y, Zhang J, Xu F, Tang R, Bai R, Akar JG, Dong J, Ma C. 3-Dimensional Transseptal Puncture Based on Electrographic Characteristics of Fossa Ovalis: A Fluoroscopy-Free and Echocardiography-Free Method. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020 May 25;13(10):1223-1232

d. Ortiz-Leon XA, Posada-Martinez EL, Trejo-Paredes MC, Ivey-Miranda JB, Pereira J, Crandall I, DaSilva P, Bouman E, Brooks A, Gerardi C, Ugonabo I, Chen W, Houle H, Akar JG, Lin BA, McNamara RL, Lombo-Lievano B, Arias-Godinez JA, Sugeng L. Understanding tricuspid valve remodelling in atrial fibrillation using three-dimensional echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020 May 5:jeaa058. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa058

4. Registry Studies and Electrophysiology Outcomes Research. I have strong interest and expertise in registry studies examining cardiovascular outcomes. I headed the development a unique database of patients with cardiac devices by linking multiple different data sources. We used the ACC NCDR ICD Registry to derive baseline characteristics, the Boston Scientific Altitude registry to obtain a wealth of device and physiological data obtained via remote monitoring, Medicare claims to examine hospitalizations, and the social security death index to ascertain vital status. This one-of-a-kind database of ~30,000 patients allows the examination of cardiovascular outcomes associated with detailed device-, disease- and physiological device information. Our initial projects were to examine the determinants of remote monitoring and its effect on outcomes. We are now examining the relationship between device parameters (e.g. AF burden, RV pacing, etc…) on outcomes. Not only was this work presented as a Late Breaking Trial at the Heart Rhythm Society Scientific Sessions 2014, but also the registry expertise has provided me the opportunity be a writing group member of the 2015 Consensus Statement on Remote Monitoring, lead the Yale-CORE Data Analytical Site for the national ACC NCDR AF Ablation Registry, as well being a steering committee member of the ACC NCDR Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion registry.

a. Akar, JG, Bao H, Jones P, Wang Y, Chaudhry SI, Varosy P, Masoudi FA, Stein K, Saxon LA, Curtis JP. Use of Remote Monitoring of Newly Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillators: insights from the Patient RElated Determinants of ICD Remote Monitoring (PREDICt RM) study. Circulation. 2013;128:2372-2378.

b. Slotwiner D, Varma N, Akar JG, Annas G, Beardsall M, Fogel RI, Galizio NO, Glotzer TV, Leahy RA, Love CJ, McLean RC, Mittal S, Morichelli L, Patton KK, Raitt MH, Pietro Ricci R, Rickard J, Schoenfeld MH, Serwer GA, Shea J, Varosy P, Verma A, Yu CM. Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus Statement on remote interrogation and monitoring for cardiovascular implantable electronic devices. Heart Rhythm 2015;12:e69-e100.

c. Akar JG, Bao H, Jones P, Wang Y, Varosy P, Masoudi FA, Stein K, Saxon LA, Normand ST, Curtis JP. Use of Remote Monitoring Is Associated with Lower Risk of Adverse Outcomes Among Patients with Implanted Cardiac Defibrillators. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2015; 8:1173-80.

d. Al-Chekakie MO, Bao H, Jones PW, Stein KM, Marzec L, Varosy PD, Masoudi FA, Curtis JP, Akar JG. Addition of Blood Pressure and Weight Transmissions to Standard Remote Monitoring of Implantable Defibrillators and its Association with Mortality and Rehospitalization. Circulation: Cardiovas Quality Outcomes. 2017 May;10(5). pii: e003087. doi: 10.1161


Coauthors

Research Interests

Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrial Fibrillation; Cardiology; Catheter Ablation; Defibrillators

Research Images

Selected Publications

  • The NCDR Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Registry.Freeman JV, Varosy P, Price MJ, Slotwiner D, Kusumoto FM, Rammohan C, Kavinsky CJ, Turi ZG, Akar J, Koutras C, Curtis JP, Masoudi FA. The NCDR Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Registry. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2020, 75: 1503-1518. PMID: 32238316, PMCID: PMC7205034, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.040.
  • Aggregating multiple real-world data sources using a patient-centered health-data-sharing platform.Dhruva SS, Ross JS, Akar JG, Caldwell B, Childers K, Chow W, Ciaccio L, Coplan P, Dong J, Dykhoff HJ, Johnston S, Kellogg T, Long C, Noseworthy PA, Roberts K, Saha A, Yoo A, Shah ND. Aggregating multiple real-world data sources using a patient-centered health-data-sharing platform. NPJ Digital Medicine 2020, 3: 60. PMID: 32352038, PMCID: PMC7170944, DOI: 10.1038/s41746-020-0265-z.
  • Understanding tricuspid valve remodelling in atrial fibrillation using three-dimensional echocardiography.Ortiz-Leon XA, Posada-Martinez EL, Trejo-Paredes MC, Ivey-Miranda JB, Pereira J, Crandall I, DaSilva P, Bouman E, Brooks A, Gerardi C, Ugonabo I, Chen W, Houle H, Akar JG, Lin BA, McNamara RL, Lombo-Lievano B, Arias-Godinez JA, Sugeng L. Understanding tricuspid valve remodelling in atrial fibrillation using three-dimensional echocardiography. European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging 2020, 21: 747-755. PMID: 32372089, DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa058.
  • Enhanced electrocardiographic monitoring of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019.Jain S, Workman V, Ganeshan R, Obasare ER, Burr A, DeBiasi RM, Freeman JV, Akar J, Lampert R, Rosenfeld LE. Enhanced electrocardiographic monitoring of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2020, 17: 1417-1422. PMID: 32387247, PMCID: PMC7200355, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.04.047.
  • 3-Dimensional Transseptal Puncture Based on Electrographic Characteristics of Fossa Ovalis: A Fluoroscopy-Free and Echocardiography-Free Method.Yu R, Liu N, Lu J, Zhao X, Hu Y, Zhang J, Xu F, Tang R, Bai R, Akar JG, Dong J, Ma C. 3-Dimensional Transseptal Puncture Based on Electrographic Characteristics of Fossa Ovalis: A Fluoroscopy-Free and Echocardiography-Free Method. JACC. Cardiovascular Interventions 2020, 13: 1223-1232. PMID: 32438994, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2020.03.015.
  • Incidence and determinants of QT interval prolongation in COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin.Maraj I, Hummel JP, Taoutel R, Chamoun R, Workman V, Li C, Tran L, DelVecchio A, Howes C, Akar JG. Incidence and determinants of QT interval prolongation in COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2020, 31: 1904-1907. PMID: 32485061, PMCID: PMC7300464, DOI: 10.1111/jce.14594.
  • Predictors of Cardiac Perforation With Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation.Friedman DJ, Pokorney SD, Ghanem A, Marcello S, Kalsekar I, Yadalam S, Akar JG, Freeman JV, Goldstein L, Khanna R, Piccini JP. Predictors of Cardiac Perforation With Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology 2020, 6: 636-645. PMID: 32553212, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2020.01.011.
  • Reply to: "QT prolongation with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin for the treatment of COVID-19: The need for pharmacogenetic insights".Hummel JP, Akar JG. Reply to: "QT prolongation with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin for the treatment of COVID-19: The need for pharmacogenetic insights". Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2020, 31: 2795. PMID: 32864768, DOI: 10.1111/jce.14721.
  • Risk of COVID-19 infection after cardiac electrophysiology procedures.Workman V, Freeman JV, Obasare ER, Jain S, Ganeshan R, Burr A, Blitzer M, Akar J, Lampert R. Risk of COVID-19 infection after cardiac electrophysiology procedures. Heart Rhythm O2 2020, 1: 239-242. PMID: 32904452, PMCID: PMC7455246, DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2020.08.006.
  • Temporal Trends in Arrhythmogenicity Related to Treatment of COVID-19 Infection.Hummel JP, Maraj I, Taoutel R, Chamoun R, Workman VK, Tran L, Abboud JM, Afif C, Chouairi S, Delvecchio A, Howes CJ, Enriquez AD, Akar JG. Temporal Trends in Arrhythmogenicity Related to Treatment of COVID-19 Infection. Circulation. Arrhythmia And Electrophysiology 2020, 13: e008841. PMID: 32931318, PMCID: PMC7566294, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCEP.120.008841.
  • Luminal esophageal temperature monitoring to reduce esophageal thermal injury during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: A review.Kadado AJ, Akar JG, Hummel JP. Luminal esophageal temperature monitoring to reduce esophageal thermal injury during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: A review. Trends In Cardiovascular Medicine 2019, 29: 264-271. PMID: 30282588, DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.09.010.
  • Outcomes and costs of remote patient monitoring among patients with implanted cardiac defibrillators: An economic model based on the PREDICT RM database.Hummel JP, Leipold RJ, Amorosi SL, Bao H, Deger KA, Jones PW, Kansal AR, Ott LS, Stern S, Stein K, Curtis JP, Akar JG. Outcomes and costs of remote patient monitoring among patients with implanted cardiac defibrillators: An economic model based on the PREDICT RM database. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2019, 30: 1066-1077. PMID: 30938894, PMCID: PMC6850124, DOI: 10.1111/jce.13934.
  • Recurrence quantification analysis of complex-fractionated electrograms differentiates active and passive sites during atrial fibrillation.Baher A, Buck B, Fanarjian M, Paul Mounsey J, Gehi A, Chung E, Akar FG, Webber CL, Akar JG, Hummel JP. Recurrence quantification analysis of complex-fractionated electrograms differentiates active and passive sites during atrial fibrillation. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2019, 30: 2229-2238. PMID: 31507008, DOI: 10.1111/jce.14161.
  • Deleterious protein-altering mutations in the SCN10A voltage-gated sodium channel gene are associated with prolonged QT.Abou Ziki MD, Seidelmann SB, Smith E, Atteya G, Jiang Y, Fernandes RG, Marieb MA, Akar JG, Mani A. Deleterious protein-altering mutations in the SCN10A voltage-gated sodium channel gene are associated with prolonged QT. Clinical Genetics 2018, 93: 741-751. PMID: 28407228, PMCID: PMC5640462, DOI: 10.1111/cge.13036.
  • Proposed Standardized Neurological Endpoints for Cardiovascular Clinical Trials: An Academic Research Consortium Initiative.Lansky AJ, Messé SR, Brickman AM, Dwyer M, Bart van der Worp H, Lazar RM, Pietras CG, Abrams KJ, McFadden E, Petersen NH, Browndyke J, Prendergast B, Ng VG, Cutlip DE, Kapadia S, Krucoff MW, Linke A, Scala Moy C, Schofer J, van Es GA, Virmani R, Popma J, Parides MK, Kodali S, Bilello M, Zivadinov R, Akar J, Furie KL, Gress D, Voros S, Moses J, Greer D, Forrest JK, Holmes D, Kappetein AP, Mack M, Baumbach A. Proposed Standardized Neurological Endpoints for Cardiovascular Clinical Trials: An Academic Research Consortium Initiative. European Heart Journal 2018, 39: 1687-1697. PMID: 28171522, PMCID: PMC6251670, DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx037.
  • Ventricular Fibrillation Conversion Testing After Implantation of a Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: Report From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry.Friedman DJ, Parzynski CS, Heist EK, Russo AM, Akar JG, Freeman JV, Curtis JP, Al-Khatib SM. Ventricular Fibrillation Conversion Testing After Implantation of a Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: Report From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. Circulation 2018, 137: 2463-2477. PMID: 29463509, PMCID: PMC5988932, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032167.
  • 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim YH, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, Akar JG, Badhwar V, Brugada J, Camm J, Chen PS, Chen SA, Chung MK, Cosedis Nielsen J, Curtis AB, Davies DW, Day JD, d'Avila A, Natasja de Groot NMS, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Ellinor PT, Ernst S, Fenelon G, Gerstenfeld EP, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Helm RH, Hylek E, Jackman WM, Jalife J, Kalman JM, Kautzner J, Kottkamp H, Kuck KH, Kumagai K, Lee R, Lewalter T, Lindsay BD, Macle L, Mansour M, Marchlinski FE, Michaud GF, Nakagawa H, Natale A, Nattel S, Okumura K, Packer D, Pokushalov E, Reynolds MR, Sanders P, Scanavacca M, Schilling R, Tondo C, Tsao HM, Verma A, Wilber DJ, Yamane T. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, And Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal Of The Working Groups On Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, And Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology Of The European Society Of Cardiology 2018, 20: e1-e160. PMID: 29016840, PMCID: PMC5834122, DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux274.
  • Arrhythmias after left ventricular assist device implantation: Incidence and management.Kadado AJ, Akar JG, Hummel JP. Arrhythmias after left ventricular assist device implantation: Incidence and management. Trends In Cardiovascular Medicine 2018, 28: 41-50. PMID: 28734595, DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2017.07.002.
  • 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: Executive summary.Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim YH, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, Akar JG, Badhwar V, Brugada J, Camm J, Chen PS, Chen SA, Chung MK, Nielsen JC, Curtis AB, Davies DW, Day JD, d'Avila A, de Groot NMSN, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Ellinor PT, Ernst S, Fenelon G, Gerstenfeld EP, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Helm RH, Hylek E, Jackman WM, Jalife J, Kalman JM, Kautzner J, Kottkamp H, Kuck KH, Kumagai K, Lee R, Lewalter T, Lindsay BD, Macle L, Mansour M, Marchlinski FE, Michaud GF, Nakagawa H, Natale A, Nattel S, Okumura K, Packer D, Pokushalov E, Reynolds MR, Sanders P, Scanavacca M, Schilling R, Tondo C, Tsao HM, Verma A, Wilber DJ, Yamane T. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: Executive summary. Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, And Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal Of The Working Groups On Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, And Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology Of The European Society Of Cardiology 2018, 20: 157-208. PMID: 29016841, PMCID: PMC5892164, DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux275.
  • Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation and Maslow's Hammer.Kadado AJ, Freeman J, Akar JG. Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation and Maslow's Hammer. Anesthesia And Analgesia 2018, 126: 19-20. PMID: 29252478, DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002414.
  • New skip parameter to facilitate recurrence quantification of signals comprised of multiple components.Hummel JP, Akar JG, Baher A, Webber CL. New skip parameter to facilitate recurrence quantification of signals comprised of multiple components. Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.) 2018, 28: 085718. PMID: 30180597, DOI: 10.1063/1.5024845.
  • Atrial Fibrillation Thermographic and Endoscopic Monitoring of Patients: Safety Algorithm for the Esophagus: AF TEMP-SAFE Study.Hummel JP, Kadado AJ, Baker M, Gehi AK, Mounsey JP, Sadaf MI, Enriquez AD, Freeman JV, Akar JG. Atrial Fibrillation Thermographic and Endoscopic Monitoring of Patients: Safety Algorithm for the Esophagus: AF TEMP-SAFE Study. Circulation. Arrhythmia And Electrophysiology 2018, 11: e006814. PMID: 30562101, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCEP.118.006814.
  • Addition of Blood Pressure and Weight Transmissions to Standard Remote Monitoring of Implantable Defibrillators and its Association with Mortality and Rehospitalization.Al-Chekakie MO, Bao H, Jones PW, Stein KM, Marzec L, Varosy PD, Masoudi FA, Curtis JP, Akar JG. Addition of Blood Pressure and Weight Transmissions to Standard Remote Monitoring of Implantable Defibrillators and its Association with Mortality and Rehospitalization. Circulation. Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2017, 10 PMID: 28506978, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003087.
  • Oxidative stress and inflammation as central mediators of atrial fibrillation in obesity and diabetes.Karam BS, Chavez-Moreno A, Koh W, Akar JG, Akar FG. Oxidative stress and inflammation as central mediators of atrial fibrillation in obesity and diabetes. Cardiovascular Diabetology 2017, 16: 120. PMID: 28962617, PMCID: PMC5622555, DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0604-9.
  • Can machine learning complement traditional medical device surveillance? A case study of dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.Ross JS, Bates J, Parzynski CS, Akar JG, Curtis JP, Desai NR, Freeman JV, Gamble GM, Kuntz R, Li SX, Marinac-Dabic D, Masoudi FA, Normand ST, Ranasinghe I, Shaw RE, Krumholz HM. Can machine learning complement traditional medical device surveillance? A case study of dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Medical Devices (Auckland, N.Z.) 2017, 10: 165-188. PMID: 28860874, PMCID: PMC5566316, DOI: 10.2147/MDER.S138158.
  • 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: Executive summary.Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim YH, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, Akar JG, Badhwar V, Brugada J, Camm J, Chen PS, Chen SA, Chung MK, Nielsen JC, Curtis AB, Davies DW, Day JD, d'Avila A, de Groot NMSN, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Ellinor PT, Ernst S, Fenelon G, Gerstenfeld EP, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Helm RH, Hylek E, Jackman WM, Jalife J, Kalman JM, Kautzner J, Kottkamp H, Kuck KH, Kumagai K, Lee R, Lewalter T, Lindsay BD, Macle L, Mansour M, Marchlinski FE, Michaud GF, Nakagawa H, Natale A, Nattel S, Okumura K, Packer D, Pokushalov E, Reynolds MR, Sanders P, Scanavacca M, Schilling R, Tondo C, Tsao HM, Verma A, Wilber DJ, Yamane T. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: Executive summary. Journal Of Arrhythmia 2017, 33: 369-409. PMID: 29021841, PMCID: PMC5634725, DOI: 10.1016/j.joa.2017.08.001.
  • A method for quantifying recurrent patterns of local wavefront direction during atrial fibrillation.Hummel JP, Baher A, Buck B, Fanarjian M, Webber CL, Akar JG. A method for quantifying recurrent patterns of local wavefront direction during atrial fibrillation. Computers In Biology And Medicine 2017, 89: 497-504. PMID: 28889077, DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.08.027.
  • 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim YH, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, Akar JG, Badhwar V, Brugada J, Camm J, Chen PS, Chen SA, Chung MK, Nielsen JC, Curtis AB, Davies DW, Day JD, d'Avila A, de Groot NMSN, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Ellinor PT, Ernst S, Fenelon G, Gerstenfeld EP, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Helm RH, Hylek E, Jackman WM, Jalife J, Kalman JM, Kautzner J, Kottkamp H, Kuck KH, Kumagai K, Lee R, Lewalter T, Lindsay BD, Macle L, Mansour M, Marchlinski FE, Michaud GF, Nakagawa H, Natale A, Nattel S, Okumura K, Packer D, Pokushalov E, Reynolds MR, Sanders P, Scanavacca M, Schilling R, Tondo C, Tsao HM, Verma A, Wilber DJ, Yamane T. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2017, 14: e275-e444. PMID: 28506916, PMCID: PMC6019327, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.05.012.
  • EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on atrial cardiomyopathies: Definition, characterization, and clinical implication.Goette A, Kalman JM, Aguinaga L, Akar J, Cabrera JA, Chen SA, Chugh SS, Corradi D, D'Avila A, Dobrev D, Fenelon G, Gonzalez M, Hatem SN, Helm R, Hindricks G, Ho SY, Hoit B, Jalife J, Kim YH, Lip GY, Ma CS, Marcus GM, Murray K, Nogami A, Sanders P, Uribe W, Van Wagoner DR, Nattel S. EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on atrial cardiomyopathies: Definition, characterization, and clinical implication. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2017, 14: e3-e40. PMID: 27320515, PMCID: PMC5548137, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2016.05.028.
  • Proposed Standardized Neurological Endpoints for Cardiovascular Clinical Trials: An Academic Research Consortium Initiative.Lansky AJ, Messé SR, Brickman AM, Dwyer M, van der Worp HB, Lazar RM, Pietras CG, Abrams KJ, McFadden E, Petersen NH, Browndyke J, Prendergast B, Ng VG, Cutlip DE, Kapadia S, Krucoff MW, Linke A, Moy CS, Schofer J, van Es GA, Virmani R, Popma J, Parides MK, Kodali S, Bilello M, Zivadinov R, Akar J, Furie KL, Gress D, Voros S, Moses J, Greer D, Forrest JK, Holmes D, Kappetein AP, Mack M, Baumbach A. Proposed Standardized Neurological Endpoints for Cardiovascular Clinical Trials: An Academic Research Consortium Initiative. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2017, 69: 679-691. PMID: 28183511, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.11.045.
  • 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim YH, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, Akar JG, Badhwar V, Brugada J, Camm J, Chen PS, Chen SA, Chung MK, Nielsen JC, Curtis AB, Wyn Davies D, Day JD, d'Avila A, de Groot NMSN, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Ellinor PT, Ernst S, Fenelon G, Gerstenfeld EP, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Helm RH, Hylek E, Jackman WM, Jalife J, Kalman JM, Kautzner J, Kottkamp H, Kuck KH, Kumagai K, Lee R, Lewalter T, Lindsay BD, Macle L, Mansour M, Marchlinski FE, Michaud GF, Nakagawa H, Natale A, Nattel S, Okumura K, Packer D, Pokushalov E, Reynolds MR, Sanders P, Scanavacca M, Schilling R, Tondo C, Tsao HM, Verma A, Wilber DJ, Yamane T. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary. Journal Of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology : An International Journal Of Arrhythmias And Pacing 2017, 50: 1-55. PMID: 28914401, PMCID: PMC5633646, DOI: 10.1007/s10840-017-0277-z.
  • National Trends in Atrial Fibrillation Hospitalization, Readmission, and Mortality for Medicare Beneficiaries, 1999-2013.Freeman JV, Wang Y, Akar J, Desai N, Krumholz H. National Trends in Atrial Fibrillation Hospitalization, Readmission, and Mortality for Medicare Beneficiaries, 1999-2013. Circulation 2017, 135: 1227-1239. PMID: 28148599, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.022388.
  • Application of Whole Exome Sequencing in the Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases in Adults.Seidelmann SB, Smith E, Subrahmanyan L, Dykas D, Abou Ziki MD, Azari B, Hannah-Shmouni F, Jiang Y, Akar JG, Marieb M, Jacoby D, Bale AE, Lifton RP, Mani A. Application of Whole Exome Sequencing in the Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases in Adults. Circulation. Cardiovascular Genetics 2017, 10 PMID: 28087566, PMCID: PMC5245580, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.116.001573.
  • 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: Executive summary.Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim YH, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, Akar JG, Badhwar V, Brugada J, Camm J, Chen PS, Chen SA, Chung MK, Nielsen JC, Curtis AB, Davies DW, Day JD, d'Avila A, de Groot NMSN, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Ellinor PT, Ernst S, Fenelon G, Gerstenfeld EP, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Helm RH, Hylek E, Jackman WM, Jalife J, Kalman JM, Kautzner J, Kottkamp H, Kuck KH, Kumagai K, Lee R, Lewalter T, Lindsay BD, Macle L, Mansour M, Marchlinski FE, Michaud GF, Nakagawa H, Natale A, Nattel S, Okumura K, Packer D, Pokushalov E, Reynolds MR, Sanders P, Scanavacca M, Schilling R, Tondo C, Tsao HM, Verma A, Wilber DJ, Yamane T. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: Executive summary. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2017, 14: e445-e494. PMID: 31631881, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.07.009.
  • EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on Atrial cardiomyopathies: Definition, characterisation, and clinical implication.Goette A, Kalman JM, Aguinaga L, Akar J, Cabrera JA, Chen SA, Chugh SS, Corradi D, D'Avila A, Dobrev D, Fenelon G, Gonzalez M, Hatem SN, Helm R, Hindricks G, Ho SY, Hoit B, Jalife J, Kim YH, Lip GY, Ma CS, Marcus GM, Murray K, Nogami A, Sanders P, Uribe W, Van Wagoner DR, Nattel S. EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on Atrial cardiomyopathies: Definition, characterisation, and clinical implication. Journal Of Arrhythmia 2016, 32: 247-78. PMID: 27588148, PMCID: PMC4996910, DOI: 10.1016/j.joa.2016.05.002.
  • Editorial commentary: Virtual medicine-A better reality?Akar JG, Hummel JP. Editorial commentary: Virtual medicine-A better reality? Trends In Cardiovascular Medicine 2016, 26: 731-732. PMID: 27737760, DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.06.012.
  • EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on atrial cardiomyopathies: definition, characterization, and clinical implication.Goette A, Kalman JM, Aguinaga L, Akar J, Cabrera JA, Chen SA, Chugh SS, Corradi D, D'Avila A, Dobrev D, Fenelon G, Gonzalez M, Hatem SN, Helm R, Hindricks G, Ho SY, Hoit B, Jalife J, Kim YH, Lip GY, Ma CS, Marcus GM, Murray K, Nogami A, Sanders P, Uribe W, Van Wagoner DR, Nattel S. EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on atrial cardiomyopathies: definition, characterization, and clinical implication. Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, And Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal Of The Working Groups On Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, And Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology Of The European Society Of Cardiology 2016, 18: 1455-1490. PMID: 27402624, PMCID: PMC6392440, DOI: 10.1093/europace/euw161.
  • Long-Term Risk for Device-Related Complications and Reoperations After Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation: An Observational Cohort Study.Ranasinghe I, Parzynski CS, Freeman JV, Dreyer RP, Ross JS, Akar JG, Krumholz HM, Curtis JP. Long-Term Risk for Device-Related Complications and Reoperations After Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation: An Observational Cohort Study. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2016, 165: 20-29. PMID: 27135392, DOI: 10.7326/M15-2732.
  • A Fresh Perspective on Atrial Fibrillation.Curtis JP, Akar JG. A Fresh Perspective on Atrial Fibrillation. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2016, 68: 905-7. PMID: 27561763, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.019.
  • Determinants of Time in Therapeutic Range in Patients Receiving Oral Anticoagulants (A Substudy of IMPACT).Lip GY, Waldo AL, Ip J, Martin DT, Bersohn MM, Choucair WK, Akar JG, Wathen M, Halperin JL. Determinants of Time in Therapeutic Range in Patients Receiving Oral Anticoagulants (A Substudy of IMPACT). The American Journal Of Cardiology 2016, 118: 1680-1684. PMID: 27665206, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.08.047.
  • Use of Remote Monitoring Is Associated With Lower Risk of Adverse Outcomes Among Patients With Implanted Cardiac Defibrillators.Akar JG, Bao H, Jones PW, Wang Y, Varosy PD, Masoudi FA, Stein KM, Saxon LA, Normand SL, Curtis JP. Use of Remote Monitoring Is Associated With Lower Risk of Adverse Outcomes Among Patients With Implanted Cardiac Defibrillators. Circulation. Arrhythmia And Electrophysiology 2015, 8: 1173-80. PMID: 26092577, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCEP.114.003030.
  • HRS Expert Consensus Statement on remote interrogation and monitoring for cardiovascular implantable electronic devices.Slotwiner D, Varma N, Akar JG, Annas G, Beardsall M, Fogel RI, Galizio NO, Glotzer TV, Leahy RA, Love CJ, McLean RC, Mittal S, Morichelli L, Patton KK, Raitt MH, Ricci RP, Rickard J, Schoenfeld MH, Serwer GA, Shea J, Varosy P, Verma A, Yu CM. HRS Expert Consensus Statement on remote interrogation and monitoring for cardiovascular implantable electronic devices. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2015, 12: e69-100. PMID: 25981148, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.05.008.
  • Randomized trial of atrial arrhythmia monitoring to guide anticoagulation in patients with implanted defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization devices.Martin DT, Bersohn MM, Waldo AL, Wathen MS, Choucair WK, Lip GY, Ip J, Holcomb R, Akar JG, Halperin JL. Randomized trial of atrial arrhythmia monitoring to guide anticoagulation in patients with implanted defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization devices. European Heart Journal 2015, 36: 1660-8. PMID: 25908774, DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv115.
  • LKB1 deletion causes early changes in atrial channel expression and electrophysiology prior to atrial fibrillation.Kim GE, Ross JL, Xie C, Su KN, Zaha VG, Wu X, Palmeri M, Ashraf M, Akar JG, Russell KS, Akar FG, Young LH. LKB1 deletion causes early changes in atrial channel expression and electrophysiology prior to atrial fibrillation. Cardiovascular Research 2015, 108: 197-208. PMID: 26378152, PMCID: PMC4571838, DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv212.
  • Atrial Fibrillation and Thrombogenesis: Innocent Bystander or Guilty Accomplice?Akar JG, Marieb MA. Atrial Fibrillation and Thrombogenesis: Innocent Bystander or Guilty Accomplice? JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology 2015, 1: 218-219. PMID: 29759367, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2015.05.003.
  • Heart Rythm Society expert consensus statement on electrophysiology laboratory standards: process, protocols, equipment, personnel, and safety.Haines DE, Beheiry S, Akar JG, Baker JL, Beinborn D, Beshai JF, Brysiewicz N, Chiu-Man C, Collins KK, Dare M, Fetterly K, Fisher JD, Hongo R, Irefin S, Lopez J, Miller JM, Perry JC, Slotwiner DJ, Tomassoni GF, Weiss E. Heart Rythm Society expert consensus statement on electrophysiology laboratory standards: process, protocols, equipment, personnel, and safety. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2014, 11: e9-51. PMID: 24814989, PMCID: PMC7106221, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.03.042.
  • 3D real-time intracardiac echocardiographic visualization of atrial structures relevant to atrial fibrillation ablation.Brysiewicz N, Mitiku T, Haleem K, Bhatt P, Al-Shaaraoui M, Clancy JF, Marieb MA, Sugeng L, Akar JG. 3D real-time intracardiac echocardiographic visualization of atrial structures relevant to atrial fibrillation ablation. JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging 2014, 7: 97-100. PMID: 24433712, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2013.09.018.
  • Plasma profiles of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of the metalloproteinases predict recurrence of atrial fibrillation following cardioversion.Mukherjee R, Akar JG, Wharton JM, Adams DK, McClure CD, Stroud RE, Rice AD, DeSantis SM, Spinale FG, Gold MR. Plasma profiles of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of the metalloproteinases predict recurrence of atrial fibrillation following cardioversion. Journal Of Cardiovascular Translational Research 2013, 6: 528-35. PMID: 23722357, DOI: 10.1007/s12265-013-9471-2.
  • Use of intracardiac echocardiography during atrial fibrillation ablation.Ruisi CP, Brysiewicz N, Asnes JD, Sugeng L, Marieb M, Clancy J, Akar JG. Use of intracardiac echocardiography during atrial fibrillation ablation. Pacing And Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE 2013, 36: 781-8. PMID: 23305194, DOI: 10.1111/pace.12030.
  • Use of remote monitoring of newly implanted cardioverter-defibrillators: insights from the patient related determinants of ICD remote monitoring (PREDICT RM) study.Akar JG, Bao H, Jones P, Wang Y, Chaudhry SI, Varosy P, Masoudi FA, Stein K, Saxon LA, Curtis JP. Use of remote monitoring of newly implanted cardioverter-defibrillators: insights from the patient related determinants of ICD remote monitoring (PREDICT RM) study. Circulation 2013, 128: 2372-83. PMID: 24043302, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002481.
  • Epicardial Fat and Atrial Fibrillation: A Review.Al Chekakie MO, Akar JG. Epicardial Fat and Atrial Fibrillation: A Review. Journal Of Atrial Fibrillation 2012, 4: 483. PMID: 28496734, PMCID: PMC5153200, DOI: 10.4022/jafib.483.
  • Caveat emptor: implantable devices in end-stage renal disease.Clancy JF, Akar JG. Caveat emptor: implantable devices in end-stage renal disease. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2011, 22: 1105-6. PMID: 21848637, DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02094.x.
  • Response to cardiac resynchronization in heart failure: just go with the myocardial blood flow?Akar JG. Response to cardiac resynchronization in heart failure: just go with the myocardial blood flow? Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2010, 21: 1240-1. PMID: 20662980, DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01840.x.
  • Pericardial fat is independently associated with human atrial fibrillation.Al Chekakie MO, Welles CC, Metoyer R, Ibrahim A, Shapira AR, Cytron J, Santucci P, Wilber DJ, Akar JG. Pericardial fat is independently associated with human atrial fibrillation. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2010, 56: 784-8. PMID: 20797492, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.03.071.
  • Prospective study of cardiac sarcoid mimicking arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia.Vasaiwala SC, Finn C, Delpriore J, Leya F, Gagermeier J, Akar JG, Santucci P, Dajani K, Bova D, Picken MM, Basso C, Marcus F, Wilber DJ. Prospective study of cardiac sarcoid mimicking arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2009, 20: 473-6. PMID: 19017339, DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01351.x.
  • Multicenter randomized study of anticoagulation guided by remote rhythm monitoring in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and CRT-D devices: Rationale, design, and clinical characteristics of the initially enrolled cohort The IMPACT study.Ip J, Waldo AL, Lip GY, Rothwell PM, Martin DT, Bersohn MM, Choucair WK, Akar JG, Wathen MS, Rohani P, Halperin JL. Multicenter randomized study of anticoagulation guided by remote rhythm monitoring in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and CRT-D devices: Rationale, design, and clinical characteristics of the initially enrolled cohort The IMPACT study. American Heart Journal 2009, 158: 364-370.e1. PMID: 19699858, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.07.002.
  • Electroanatomic mapping of postpacing intervals clarifies the complete active circuit and variants in atrial flutter.Santucci PA, Varma N, Cytron J, Akar JG, Wilber DJ, Al Chekakie MO, Brysiewicz N. Electroanatomic mapping of postpacing intervals clarifies the complete active circuit and variants in atrial flutter. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2009, 6: 1586-95. PMID: 19879536, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.08.010.
  • Endothelial dysfunction in heart failure identifies responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy.Akar JG, Al-Chekakie MO, Fugate T, Moran L, Froloshki B, Varma N, Santucci P, Wilber DJ, Matsumura ME. Endothelial dysfunction in heart failure identifies responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2008, 5: 1229-35. PMID: 18774094, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.05.027.
  • Prospective study of atrial fibrillation termination during ablation guided by automated detection of fractionated electrograms.Porter M, Spear W, Akar JG, Helms R, Brysiewicz N, Santucci P, Wilber DJ. Prospective study of atrial fibrillation termination during ablation guided by automated detection of fractionated electrograms. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2008, 19: 613-20. PMID: 18462320, DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01189.x.
  • Acute onset human atrial fibrillation is associated with local cardiac platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction.Akar JG, Jeske W, Wilber DJ. Acute onset human atrial fibrillation is associated with local cardiac platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2008, 51: 1790-3. PMID: 18452786, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.11.083.
  • Newly diagnosed arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia in an octogenarian.Akar JG, Singh M, Auseon AJ, Wilber DJ. Newly diagnosed arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia in an octogenarian. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2008, 19: 1316-8. PMID: 18631265, DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01241.x.
  • Surface electrocardiographic patterns and electrophysiologic characteristics of atrial flutter following modified radiofrequency MAZE procedures.Akar JG, Al-Chekakie MO, Hai A, Brysiewicz N, Porter M, Varma N, Santucci P, Wilber DJ. Surface electrocardiographic patterns and electrophysiologic characteristics of atrial flutter following modified radiofrequency MAZE procedures. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2007, 18: 349-55. PMID: 17394449, DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00761.x.
  • Presence of asymmetric dimethylarginine gradients across high-grade lesions in patients with coronary artery disease.Joyal D, Leya F, Obada Al-Chekakie M, Arab D, Dieter RS, Morshedi-Meibodi A, Lewis B, Steen L, Fareed J, Hoppenstead D, Akar JG. Presence of asymmetric dimethylarginine gradients across high-grade lesions in patients with coronary artery disease. Coronary Artery Disease 2007, 18: 471-5. PMID: 17700219, DOI: 10.1097/MCA.0b013e32818be79c.
  • Regulation of ion channels and arrhythmias in the ischemic heart.Akar JG, Akar FG. Regulation of ion channels and arrhythmias in the ischemic heart. Journal Of Electrocardiology 2007, 40: S37-41. PMID: 17993326, DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2007.05.020.
  • The effects of statins and renin-angiotensin system blockers on atrial fibrillation recurrence following antral pulmonary vein isolation.Al Chekakie MO, Akar JG, Wang F, Al Muradi H, Wu J, Santucci P, Varma N, Wilber DJ. The effects of statins and renin-angiotensin system blockers on atrial fibrillation recurrence following antral pulmonary vein isolation. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2007, 18: 942-6. PMID: 17593228, DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00887.x.
  • Mapping arrhythmias in the failing heart: from Langendorff to patient.Akar JG, Akar FG. Mapping arrhythmias in the failing heart: from Langendorff to patient. Journal Of Electrocardiology 2006, 39: S19-23. PMID: 16920143, DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2006.03.011.
  • Idiopathic epicardial left ventricular tachycardia originating remote from the sinus of Valsalva: electrophysiological characteristics, catheter ablation, and identification from the 12-lead electrocardiogram.Daniels DV, Lu YY, Morton JB, Santucci PA, Akar JG, Green A, Wilber DJ. Idiopathic epicardial left ventricular tachycardia originating remote from the sinus of Valsalva: electrophysiological characteristics, catheter ablation, and identification from the 12-lead electrocardiogram. Circulation 2006, 113: 1659-66. PMID: 16567566, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.611640.
  • Predicting elevated defibrillation energy requirements in heart failure with reasonable probability.Akar JG. Predicting elevated defibrillation energy requirements in heart failure with reasonable probability. Heart Rhythm : The Official Journal Of The Heart Rhythm Society 2006, 3: 1017-8. PMID: 16945793, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.06.015.
  • Chagas myocarditis and syncope.Patel RA, DiMarco JP, Akar JG, Voros S, Kramer CM. Chagas myocarditis and syncope. Journal Of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance : Official Journal Of The Society For Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2005, 7: 685-8. PMID: 16136859, DOI: 10.1081/jcmr-65627.
  • Intracellular chloride accumulation and subcellular elemental distribution during atrial fibrillation.Akar JG, Everett TH, Ho R, Craft J, Haines DE, Somlyo AP, Somlyo AV. Intracellular chloride accumulation and subcellular elemental distribution during atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2003, 107: 1810-5. PMID: 12665494, DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000058462.23347.93.
  • Effect of heating on pulmonary veins: how to avoid pulmonary vein stenosis.Kok LC, Everett TH, Akar JG, Haines DE. Effect of heating on pulmonary veins: how to avoid pulmonary vein stenosis. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2003, 14: 250-4. PMID: 12716105, DOI: 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.02490.x.
  • Effect of electrical and structural remodeling on spatiotemporal organization in acute and persistent atrial fibrillation.Akar JG, Everett TH, Kok LC, Moorman JR, Haines DE. Effect of electrical and structural remodeling on spatiotemporal organization in acute and persistent atrial fibrillation. Journal Of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2002, 13: 1027-34. PMID: 12435191, DOI: 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.01027.x.
  • Use of global atrial fibrillation organization to optimize the success of burst pace termination.Everett TH, Akar JG, Kok LC, Moorman JR, Haines DE. Use of global atrial fibrillation organization to optimize the success of burst pace termination. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2002, 40: 1831-40. PMID: 12446068, DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(02)02476-2.
  • Assessment of global atrial fibrillation organization to optimize timing of atrial defibrillation.Everett TH, Moorman JR, Kok LC, Akar JG, Haines DE. Assessment of global atrial fibrillation organization to optimize timing of atrial defibrillation. Circulation 2001, 103: 2857-61. PMID: 11401945, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.103.23.2857.
  • Coexistence of type I atrial flutter and intra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia in patients with surgically corrected congenital heart disease.Akar JG, Kok LC, Haines DE, DiMarco JP, Mounsey JP. Coexistence of type I atrial flutter and intra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia in patients with surgically corrected congenital heart disease. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2001, 38: 377-84. PMID: 11499727, DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01392-4.
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