Brinda Emu, MD
Research & Publications
Biography
News
Research Summary
Individuals with HIV, even after effective control of HIV replication, remain at higher risk for some non-AIDS related clinical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, and certain malignancies. Our research focuses on understanding those aspects of the immune system that remain impaired despite effective treatment of HIV infection. In addition, we hope to elucidate mechanisms of persistent immunologic aberrancies are associated with clinical disease, including the role of dysregulation of immunometabolism in the setting of HIV infection.
Our laboratory is specifically focused on understanding the pathogenesis, incidence, presentation, and prognosis of cancers in the setting of HIV infection. Individuals with HIV remain at risk for particular malignancies, despite effective control of HIV replication. We will be studying biomarkers that will allow for early diagnosis of patients at increased risk, as well as focusing on the pathologic, molecular, and genetic differences of these cancers in HIV infected individuals compared to individuals without HIV infection, including studies of the tumor microenvironment.
Specialized Terms: HIV and aging; Immune dysfunction in setting of HIV infection
Extensive Research Description
- Evaluation of different T cell phenotypes/function across different ages of HIV-infected indivdiuals on antiretroviral therapy, compared with HIV-uninfected individuals
- Impact of T cell aberrancies on incidence of cancer in the setting of chronic viral infection
- Evaluating immunologic parameters of individuals with cancer diagnoses in setting of HIV infection
Coauthors
Research Interests
Head and Neck Neoplasms; HIV; Immune System; Lymphoma; T-Lymphocytes; Thoracic Neoplasms; Immunocompromised Host; Hematologic Neoplasms; Infectious Disease Medicine; Immune Evasion; Immune Reconstitution
Selected Publications
- Phenotypic, functional, and kinetic parameters associated with apparent T-cell control of human immunodeficiency virus replication in individuals with and without antiretroviral treatment.Emu B, Sinclair E, Favre D, Moretto WJ, Hsue P, Hoh R, Martin JN, Nixon DF, McCune JM, Deeks SG. Phenotypic, functional, and kinetic parameters associated with apparent T-cell control of human immunodeficiency virus replication in individuals with and without antiretroviral treatment. Journal Of Virology 2005, 79: 14169-78. PMID: 16254352, PMCID: PMC1280210, DOI: 10.1128/JVI.79.22.14169-14178.2005.
- IL-2 production correlates with effector cell differentiation in HIV-specific CD8+ T cells.Nomura LE, Emu B, Hoh R, Haaland P, Deeks SG, Martin JN, McCune JM, Nixon DF, Maecker HT. IL-2 production correlates with effector cell differentiation in HIV-specific CD8+ T cells. AIDS Research And Therapy 2006, 3: 18. PMID: 16859558, PMCID: PMC1562434, DOI: 10.1186/1742-6405-3-18.
- Loss of T cell responses following long-term cryopreservation.Owen RE, Sinclair E, Emu B, Heitman JW, Hirschkorn DF, Epling CL, Tan QX, Custer B, Harris JM, Jacobson MA, McCune JM, Martin JN, Hecht FM, Deeks SG, Norris PJ. Loss of T cell responses following long-term cryopreservation. Journal Of Immunological Methods 2007, 326: 93-115. PMID: 17707394, PMCID: PMC2065759, DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.07.012.
- HLA class I-restricted T-cell responses may contribute to the control of human immunodeficiency virus infection, but such responses are not always necessary for long-term virus control.Emu B, Sinclair E, Hatano H, Ferre A, Shacklett B, Martin JN, McCune JM, Deeks SG. HLA class I-restricted T-cell responses may contribute to the control of human immunodeficiency virus infection, but such responses are not always necessary for long-term virus control. Journal Of Virology 2008, 82: 5398-407. PMID: 18353945, PMCID: PMC2395228, DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02176-07.
- Relationship between T cell activation and CD4+ T cell count in HIV-seropositive individuals with undetectable plasma HIV RNA levels in the absence of therapy.Hunt PW, Brenchley J, Sinclair E, McCune JM, Roland M, Page-Shafer K, Hsue P, Emu B, Krone M, Lampiris H, Douek D, Martin JN, Deeks SG. Relationship between T cell activation and CD4+ T cell count in HIV-seropositive individuals with undetectable plasma HIV RNA levels in the absence of therapy. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2008, 197: 126-33. PMID: 18171295, PMCID: PMC3466592, DOI: 10.1086/524143.
- HIV disease progression correlates with the generation of dysfunctional naive CD8(low) T cells.Favre D, Stoddart CA, Emu B, Hoh R, Martin JN, Hecht FM, Deeks SG, McCune JM. HIV disease progression correlates with the generation of dysfunctional naive CD8(low) T cells. Blood 2011, 117: 2189-99. PMID: 21200021, PMCID: PMC3062328, DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-06-288035.
- A low T regulatory cell response may contribute to both viral control and generalized immune activation in HIV controllers.Hunt PW, Landay AL, Sinclair E, Martinson JA, Hatano H, Emu B, Norris PJ, Busch MP, Martin JN, Brooks C, McCune JM, Deeks SG. A low T regulatory cell response may contribute to both viral control and generalized immune activation in HIV controllers. PloS One 2011, 6: e15924. PMID: 21305005, PMCID: PMC3031543, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015924.
- Safety, pharmacokinetics, and biologic activity of pateclizumab, a novel monoclonal antibody targeting lymphotoxin α: results of a phase I randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Emu B, Luca D, Offutt C, Grogan JL, Rojkovich B, Williams MB, Tang MT, Xiao J, Lee JH, Davis JC. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and biologic activity of pateclizumab, a novel monoclonal antibody targeting lymphotoxin α: results of a phase I randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2012, 14: R6. PMID: 22225620, PMCID: PMC3392792, DOI: 10.1186/ar3554.
- Composition and function of T cell subpopulations are slow to change despite effective antiretroviral treatment of HIV disease.Emu B, Moretto WJ, Hoh R, Krone M, Martin JN, Nixon DF, Deeks SG, McCune JM. Composition and function of T cell subpopulations are slow to change despite effective antiretroviral treatment of HIV disease. PloS One 2014, 9: e85613. PMID: 24465619, PMCID: PMC3897457, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085613.
- Phase 1 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of RG7667, an Anticytomegalovirus Combination Monoclonal Antibody Therapy, in Healthy Adults.Ishida JH, Burgess T, Derby MA, Brown PA, Maia M, Deng R, Emu B, Feierbach B, Fouts AE, Liao XC, Tavel JA. Phase 1 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of RG7667, an Anticytomegalovirus Combination Monoclonal Antibody Therapy, in Healthy Adults. Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy 2015, 59: 4919-29. PMID: 26055360, PMCID: PMC4505204, DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00523-15.
- Epigenome-wide differential DNA methylation between HIV-infected and uninfected individuals.Zhang X, Justice AC, Hu Y, Wang Z, Zhao H, Wang G, Johnson EO, Emu B, Sutton RE, Krystal JH, Xu K. Epigenome-wide differential DNA methylation between HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. Epigenetics : Official Journal Of The DNA Methylation Society 2016, 11: 750-760. PMID: 27672717, PMCID: PMC5094631, DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1221569.
- Clinically significant mutations in HIV-infected patients with lung adenocarcinoma.Thaler J, Sigel C, Beasley MB, Wisnivesky J, Crothers K, Bauml J, Hysell K, Emu B, Borsu L, Sigel K. Clinically significant mutations in HIV-infected patients with lung adenocarcinoma. British Journal Of Cancer 2017, 117: 1392-1395. PMID: 28934759, PMCID: PMC5672933, DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.333.
- Phase 2 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of RG7667, a Combination Monoclonal Antibody, for Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Infection in High-Risk Kidney Transplant Recipients.Ishida JH, Patel A, Mehta AK, Gatault P, McBride JM, Burgess T, Derby MA, Snydman DR, Emu B, Feierbach B, Fouts AE, Maia M, Deng R, Rosenberger CM, Gennaro LA, Striano NS, Liao XC, Tavel JA. Phase 2 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of RG7667, a Combination Monoclonal Antibody, for Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Infection in High-Risk Kidney Transplant Recipients. Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy 2017, 61 PMID: 27872061, PMCID: PMC5278717, DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01794-16.
- HIV and Age Do Not Synergistically Affect Age-Related T-Cell Markers.Farhadian S, Jalbert E, Deng Y, Goetz MB, Park LS, Justice A, Dubrow R, Emu B. HIV and Age Do Not Synergistically Affect Age-Related T-Cell Markers. Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999) 2018, 77: 337-344. PMID: 29140874, PMCID: PMC5807137, DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001595.
- Phase 3 Study of Ibalizumab for Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1.Emu B, Fessel J, Schrader S, Kumar P, Richmond G, Win S, Weinheimer S, Marsolais C, Lewis S. Phase 3 Study of Ibalizumab for Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2018, 379: 645-654. PMID: 30110589, DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1711460.
- Assessment of the Safety of Pembrolizumab in Patients With HIV and Advanced Cancer-A Phase 1 Study.Uldrick TS, Gonçalves PH, Abdul-Hay M, Claeys AJ, Emu B, Ernstoff MS, Fling SP, Fong L, Kaiser JC, Lacroix AM, Lee SY, Lundgren LM, Lurain K, Parsons CH, Peeramsetti S, Ramaswami R, Sharon E, Sznol M, Wang CJ, Yarchoan R, Cheever MA. Assessment of the Safety of Pembrolizumab in Patients With HIV and Advanced Cancer-A Phase 1 Study. JAMA Oncology 2019, 5: 1332-1339. PMID: 31154457, PMCID: PMC6547135, DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.2244.
- Exosomal MicroRNAs Associate With Neuropsychological Performance in Individuals With HIV Infection on Antiretroviral Therapy.OʼMeara T, Kong Y, Chiarella J, Price RW, Chaudhury R, Liu X, Spudich S, Robertson K, Emu B, Lu L. Exosomal MicroRNAs Associate With Neuropsychological Performance in Individuals With HIV Infection on Antiretroviral Therapy. Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999) 2019, 82: 514-522. PMID: 31714431, PMCID: PMC6857839, DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002187.
- Decreased Overall Survival in HIV-associated Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.Hysell K, Yusuf R, Barakat L, Virata M, Gan G, Deng Y, Perez-Irizarry J, Vega T, Goldberg SB, Emu B. Decreased Overall Survival in HIV-associated Non-small-cell Lung Cancer. Clinical Lung Cancer 2021, 22: e498-e505. PMID: 33468393, PMCID: PMC8169710, DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.11.006.
- NASH limits anti-tumour surveillance in immunotherapy-treated HCC.Pfister D, Núñez NG, Pinyol R, Govaere O, Pinter M, Szydlowska M, Gupta R, Qiu M, Deczkowska A, Weiner A, Müller F, Sinha A, Friebel E, Engleitner T, Lenggenhager D, Moncsek A, Heide D, Stirm K, Kosla J, Kotsiliti E, Leone V, Dudek M, Yousuf S, Inverso D, Singh I, Teijeiro A, Castet F, Montironi C, Haber PK, Tiniakos D, Bedossa P, Cockell S, Younes R, Vacca M, Marra F, Schattenberg JM, Allison M, Bugianesi E, Ratziu V, Pressiani T, D'Alessio A, Personeni N, Rimassa L, Daly AK, Scheiner B, Pomej K, Kirstein MM, Vogel A, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Hucke F, Finkelmeier F, Waidmann O, Trojan J, Schulze K, Wege H, Koch S, Weinmann A, Bueter M, Rössler F, Siebenhüner A, De Dosso S, Mallm JP, Umansky V, Jugold M, Luedde T, Schietinger A, Schirmacher P, Emu B, Augustin HG, Billeter A, Müller-Stich B, Kikuchi H, Duda DG, Kütting F, Waldschmidt DT, Ebert MP, Rahbari N, Mei HE, Schulz AR, Ringelhan M, Malek N, Spahn S, Bitzer M, Ruiz de Galarreta M, Lujambio A, Dufour JF, Marron TU, Kaseb A, Kudo M, Huang YH, Djouder N, Wolter K, Zender L, Marche PN, Decaens T, Pinato DJ, Rad R, Mertens JC, Weber A, Unger K, Meissner F, Roth S, Jilkova ZM, Claassen M, Anstee QM, Amit I, Knolle P, Becher B, Llovet JM, Heikenwalder M. NASH limits anti-tumour surveillance in immunotherapy-treated HCC. Nature 2021, 592: 450-456. PMID: 33762733, PMCID: PMC8046670, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03362-0.
- Palliation of malignancies in HIV infection.Yasin F, Chow R, Emu B, Bui T, Prsic E. Palliation of malignancies in HIV infection. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2021 PMID: 34006512, DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003179.
- Uptake of oxidized lipids by the scavenger receptor CD36 promotes lipid peroxidation and dysfunction in CD8+ T cells in tumors.Xu S, Chaudhary O, Rodríguez-Morales P, Sun X, Chen D, Zappasodi R, Xu Z, Pinto AFM, Williams A, Schulze I, Farsakoglu Y, Varanasi SK, Low JS, Tang W, Wang H, McDonald B, Tripple V, Downes M, Evans RM, Abumrad NA, Merghoub T, Wolchok JD, Shokhirev MN, Ho PC, Witztum JL, Emu B, Cui G, Kaech SM. Uptake of oxidized lipids by the scavenger receptor CD36 promotes lipid peroxidation and dysfunction in CD8+ T cells in tumors. Immunity 2021, 54: 1561-1577.e7. PMID: 34102100, DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.003.
Clinical Trials
Conditions | Study Title |
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Diseases of the Nervous System; HIV/AIDS; Infectious Diseases; COVID-19 Inpatient; COVID-19 Outpatient | HIV Associated Reservoirs and Comorbidities (The HARC Plus Study) |
Diseases of the Respiratory Systems; COVID-19 Inpatient; COVID-19 Outpatient | A Study Tracking Health Care Workers Exposed to COVID-19 |
HIV/AIDS | Mechanisms of HIV latency |