2025
A Vaccine to Block Plasmodium falciparum Transmission.
Healy S, Sagara I, Assadou M, Katile A, Kone M, Imeru A, Kwan J, Swihart B, Fintzi J, Potter G, Zeguimé A, Dolo A, Diarra B, Narum D, Rausch K, MacDonald N, Zhu D, Mohan R, Thera I, Morrison R, Zaidi I, Doritchamou J, Sylla D, Hume J, Coulibaly M, Morelle D, Lievens M, Doumbo O, Duffy P. A Vaccine to Block Plasmodium falciparum Transmission. NEJM Evidence 2025, 4: evidoa2400188. PMID: 40552966, DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2400188.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStandard membrane feeding assayPfs230D1-EPASafety trialsAntibody responseEnd pointsSkin feeding assaysTransmission-reducing activityWeeks of follow-upMembrane feeding assaysAs-treated populationPrimary efficacy analysisSecondary end pointsPrimary end pointInfected mosquitoesEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayMalian adultsMalaria vaccineComparator-controlledDouble-blindProportion of infected mosquitoesDosing regimensEfficacy analysisThird doseYears postvaccinationBlock disease transmissionSulopenem versus Amoxicillin/Clavulanate for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection.
Puttagunta S, Aronin S, Gupta J, Das A, Gupta K, Dunne M. Sulopenem versus Amoxicillin/Clavulanate for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection. NEJM Evidence 2025, 4: evidoa2400414. PMID: 40552968, DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2400414.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUrinary tract infectionUncomplicated urinary tract infectionsIntent-to-treat populationSusceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanateTract infectionsUrine cultureAdverse eventsTreatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infectionsCombined population of patientsPatients treated with amoxicillin/clavulanateTreatment-emergent adverse eventsBaseline urine culturePositive urine cultureMild adverse eventsPopulation of patientsTreatment of adult womenClasses of antibioticsMicrobiological eradicationBaseline pathogensClinical cureDouble-blindMedian ageTrial medicationAmoxicillin/clavulanateAntimicrobial resistanceSafety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of HY-072808 ointment, a novel PDE4 inhibitor, in adolescent and adult patients with mild-to-moderate AD
Yao F, He M, Wang J, Li Y, Zhang Q, Yang J, Wu J, Zhang Q, Zhou R, Zhang M, Meng L, Wu L, Chu Z, Hu W. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of HY-072808 ointment, a novel PDE4 inhibitor, in adolescent and adult patients with mild-to-moderate AD. Expert Opinion On Investigational Drugs 2025, 34: 435-447. PMID: 40411316, DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2025.2510671.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMild to moderate ADAnti-atopic dermatitisAdult patientsHealthy subjectsPDE4 inhibitorsPhase I clinical trialWell-tolerated treatmentOpen-label trialDouble-blindPlacebo-controlledSafety profileAdverse eventsEASI scoreClinical developmentPharmacokinetic analysisAtopic dermatitisHealthy individualsPatientsPharmacokineticsDrug concentrationsEczema severityQuality of lifeEfficacyTrialsOintmentPrognostic value of plasma biomarkers for informing clinical trial design in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease
Qiu Y, Jacobs D, Messer K, Salmon D, Wellington C, Stukas S, Revta C, Brewer J, Léger G, Askew B, Donahue L, Kaplita S, Coric V, Qureshi I, Feldman H. Prognostic value of plasma biomarkers for informing clinical trial design in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy 2025, 17: 97. PMID: 40317057, PMCID: PMC12046789, DOI: 10.1186/s13195-025-01745-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMild to moderate ADADAS-cog11CDR-SBBaseline plasma NfLAlzheimer's diseasePlasma biomarkersMild-to-moderate Alzheimer's diseasePrognostic valueClinical trialsBaseline NfLPlasma NfLPlacebo-controlled trialCortical volumeConcentrations of plasma biomarkersMethodsPost hoc analysisDesign of clinical trialsClinical outcome dataIncreased ventricular volumeTrial participantsVolumetric MRIBaseline concentrationsEarly disease stagesClinical trial designTrial entry criteriaAD trialsEnzalutamide and Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Azad A, Petrylak D, Iguchi T, Shore N, Villers A, Gomez-Veiga F, Alcaraz A, Alekseev B, Szmulewitz R, Holzbeierlein J, Rosbrook B, Ma J, Zohren F, El-Chaar N, Haas G, Stenzl A, Armstrong A. Enzalutamide and Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels in Metastatic Prostate Cancer. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e258751. PMID: 40332939, PMCID: PMC12059972, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.8751.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMetastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancerProstate-specific antigen levelRadiographic progression-free survivalUndetectable prostate-specific antigenAndrogen deprivation therapyProstate-specific antigenProstate-specific antigen declineClinical outcomesOverall survivalProstate cancerClinical trialsHazard ratioPatients treated with enzalutamideHormone-sensitive prostate cancerPhase 3 randomized clinical trialAssociated with improved survivalStudy enrollmentProgression-free survivalMetastatic prostate cancerRadiographic disease progressionClinical end pointsPost hoc secondary analysisRandomized clinical trialsReduced riskSecondary analysisAddressing blinding in classic psychedelic studies with innovative active placebos
Aday J, Simonsson O, Schindler E, D’Souza D. Addressing blinding in classic psychedelic studies with innovative active placebos. The International Journal Of Neuropsychopharmacology 2025, 28: pyaf023. PMID: 40183712, PMCID: PMC12038243, DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaf023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsClinical Trials as TopicDouble-Blind MethodHallucinogensHumansMental DisordersPlacebo EffectPlacebosResearch DesignConceptsActive placeboClassic psychedelicsPsychedelic studiesAcute psychoactive effectsModerate-to-high dosesPlacebo conditionNeuropsychiatric disordersPsychoactive effectsAcute physiological effectsTherapeutic effectPsychedelicsLow-dose administrationBlind integrationLack of therapeutic effectAcute effectsReview interventionsPlaceboShort-actingClinical trialsPharmacological agentsImproved blindingAncillary strategiesTrialsPhysiological effectsDisordersQuinagolide vaginal ring for reduction of endometriotic lesions: Results from the QLARITY trial
Pellicer A, Taylor H, Alberich-Bayarri A, Liu Y, Gamborg M, Barletta K, Pinton P, Heiser P, Bagger Y. Quinagolide vaginal ring for reduction of endometriotic lesions: Results from the QLARITY trial. European Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynecology And Reproductive Biology 2025, 310: 113946. PMID: 40188683, DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2025.113946.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDeep infiltrating endometriosisVaginal ringNo significant differenceLesion sizeBleeding patternsMenstrual cycleSignificant differenceImaging biomarkersSerum prolactin levelsPhase 2 trialMenstrual bleeding patternsEndpoint of reductionPatient-reported outcomesHigh-resolution MRIInfiltrating endometriosisPlacebo groupDouble-blindPlacebo-controlledAdvanced diseaseEndometriotic lesionsPrimary endpointPain reductionSecondary endpointsProlactin levelsAdverse eventsProtocol and design of the REPOSE study: a double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of suvorexant to improve postoperative sleep and reduce delirium severity in older patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery
Fallon J, Hashemaghaie M, Peterson C, Tran D, Wu S, Valdes J, Pedicini N, Adams M, Soltis M, Mansour W, Wright M, Raghunathan K, Treggiari M, Sasannejad C, Devinney M. Protocol and design of the REPOSE study: a double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of suvorexant to improve postoperative sleep and reduce delirium severity in older patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. BMJ Open 2025, 15: e091099. PMID: 40081971, PMCID: PMC11907038, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091099.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-cardiac surgeryTotal sleep timeEfficacy of suvorexantRandomised controlled trialsTwo-sample t-testPostoperative sleepOlder patientsAssociated with prolonged hospitalizationDelirium severityDecrease delirium severityIncreased total sleep timeStudy drug dosePlacebo-controlled trialPostoperative inpatient stayLong-term cognitive impairmentFood and Drug AdministrationOlder surgical patientsPostoperative sleep disturbancePrimary endpoint dataRisk of deliriumT-testOral suvorexantInstitutional review boardPostoperative delirium severityOrexin-1A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot study of cannabis-related driving impairment assessed by driving simulator and self-report
Meda S, Stevens M, Boer E, Pittman B, Gueorguieva R, Huestis M, Pearlson G. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot study of cannabis-related driving impairment assessed by driving simulator and self-report. Journal Of Psychopharmacology 2025, 39: 364-372. PMID: 40077985, DOI: 10.1177/02698811251324379.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCannabis-induced impairmentBlood THC levelsDouble-blindCannabis useVaporized cannabisTHC levelsActual impairmentAcute doseWithin-subjectSelf-reportSimulated driving testDrug effectsDriving impairmentPlacebo-controlledImpairment indicatorsImpairmentCannabisAssessment daysEffect of doseParticipants' willingnessPost-doseTHCBehavioral metricsCar-followingParticipantsOlezarsen in patients with hypertriglyceridemia at high cardiovascular risk: Rationale and design of the Essence–TIMI 73b trial
Bergmark B, Marston N, Prohaska T, Alexander V, Zimerman A, Moura F, Kang Y, Murphy S, Zhang S, Lu M, Karwatowska-Prokopczuk E, Tsimikas S, Giugliano R, Sabatine M. Olezarsen in patients with hypertriglyceridemia at high cardiovascular risk: Rationale and design of the Essence–TIMI 73b trial. American Heart Journal 2025, 286: 116-124. PMID: 40081744, PMCID: PMC12065083, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2025.02.022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedApolipoprotein C-IIICardiovascular DiseasesClinical Trials, Phase III as TopicComputed Tomography AngiographyCoronary AngiographyDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansHypertriglyceridemiaMaleMiddle AgedOligonucleotidesOligonucleotides, AntisenseRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTriglyceridesConceptsCoronary computed tomography angiographyCardiovascular riskTriglyceride levelsModerate hypertriglyceridemiaBaseline coronary computed tomography angiographyPlacebo-controlled phase 3 trialClearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteinsApoC-IIIBaseline triglyceride levelsBaseline to 6 monthsLipid-lowering therapyAntisense oligonucleotidesNoncalcified coronary plaquesPhase 3 trialComputed tomography angiographyLowering triglyceride levelsIncreased cardiovascular riskElevated cardiovascular riskReduce cardiovascular riskAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseTriglyceride-rich lipoproteinsPotential therapeutic strategyPooled placeboApolipoprotein C-IIIDouble-blindDesign and rationale of the CORE-TIMI 72a and CORE2-TIMI 72b trials of olezarsen in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia
Marston N, Bergmark B, Alexander V, Karwatowska-Prokopczuk E, Kang Y, Moura F, Prohaska T, Zimerman A, Zhang S, Murphy S, Tsimikas S, Giugliano R, Sabatine M. Design and rationale of the CORE-TIMI 72a and CORE2-TIMI 72b trials of olezarsen in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia. American Heart Journal 2025, 286: 125-135. PMID: 40064331, PMCID: PMC12065585, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2025.03.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSevere hypertriglyceridemiaAcute pancreatitis eventInvestigated antisense oligonucleotidesBaseline to 6 monthsPhase 3 trialTriglyceride-rich remnantsBaseline triglyceridesMatching placeboApolipoprotein C-IIIPancreatitis eventsMedian ageInhibit lipoprotein lipasePooled analysisClinical consequencesMRI substudyHypertriglyceridemiaSerum triglyceridesTG clearanceLife-threateningPatientsStudy populationApoC-IIIHepatic uptakeAntisense oligonucleotidesDedicated trialsLong-Term Safety and Efficacy of Esmethadone in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Findings From a 12-Month Open-Label Study.
Fava M, Pani L, De Martin S, Cutler A, Gorodetzky C, Vocci F, Sapienza F, Kosten T, Kröger C, Champasa P, Guidetti C, Comai S, Mattarei A, Folli F, Bushnell D, Traversa S, Inturrisi C, Manfredi P, Pappagallo M. Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Esmethadone in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Findings From a 12-Month Open-Label Study. The Journal Of Clinical Psychiatry 2025, 86 PMID: 39999772, DOI: 10.4088/jcp.24m15438.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntidepressive AgentsDepressive Disorder, MajorDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateTreatment OutcomeConceptsDepressive disorderColumbia-Suicide Severity Rating ScaleOpen-label studyDSM-5</i> criteriaFull analysis setMajor depressive disorderMeasures of depressionSeverity Rating ScaleSexual adverse eventsAntidepressant efficacyTreatment-emergent adverse eventsPostbaseline efficacy assessmentAdverse eventsSuicide attemptsUncompetitive antagonistCognitive functionSafety populationEfficacy assessmentRating ScaleEfficacy measuresMDDDouble-blind studyEmergent adverse eventsLong-term treatmentTreatment-related treatment-emergent adverse eventsSelinexor plus ruxolitinib in JAK inhibitor treatment-naïve myelofibrosis: SENTRY Phase 3 study design
Mascarenhas J, Maher K, Rampal R, Bose P, Podoltsev N, Hong J, Chai Y, Kye S, Method M, Harrison C. Selinexor plus ruxolitinib in JAK inhibitor treatment-naïve myelofibrosis: SENTRY Phase 3 study design. Future Oncology 2025, 21: 807-813. PMID: 39911057, PMCID: PMC11916360, DOI: 10.1080/14796694.2025.2461393.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsJAK inhibitorsNo dose limiting toxicitiesDose-limiting toxicityAbsolute mean changeSpleen volume reductionPlacebo-controlled studyBaseline to weekTreatment of patientsDose expansionDose escalationLimiting toxicitiesDouble-blindPrimary endpointPhase 3 study designXPO1 inhibitorsMean changeRuxolitinibPatientsSelinexorVolume reductionDosePhase 3InhibitorsJAKMyelofibrosisSafety and efficacy of nipocalimab in adults with generalised myasthenia gravis (Vivacity-MG3): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Antozzi C, Vu T, Ramchandren S, Nowak R, Farmakidis C, Bril V, De Bleecker J, Yang H, Minks E, Park J, Grudniak M, Smilowski M, Sevilla T, Hoffmann S, Sivakumar K, Suzuki Y, Youssef E, Sanga P, Karcher K, Zhu Y, Sheehan J, Sun H, Group T. Safety and efficacy of nipocalimab in adults with generalised myasthenia gravis (Vivacity-MG3): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Lancet Neurology 2025, 24: 105-116. PMID: 39862879, DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00498-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStandard-of-care therapyLeast-squares mean changeOpen-label extension phaseDouble-blind phasePhase 3 studyPopulation of patientsMyasthenia gravisAdverse eventsAntibody-positivePlacebo groupDouble-blindStudy drugMG-ADLAssociated with dose-dependent reductionsDose of study drugLong-term disease controlMean changeIntention-to-treat populationIncidence of adverse eventsMG-ADL scoresPlacebo-controlled studyGeneralised myasthenia gravisPhase 2 studyBaseline to weekAnti-acetylcholine receptorIntranasal oxytocin increases breast milk oxytocin, but has a reduced effect in depressed mothers: A randomized controlled trialcon
Lindley Baron-Cohen K, Fearon P, Feldman R, Hardiman P, Zagoory-Sharon O, Meins E, Fonagy P. Intranasal oxytocin increases breast milk oxytocin, but has a reduced effect in depressed mothers: A randomized controlled trialcon. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2025, 174: 107374. PMID: 39891981, DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2025.107374.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEdinburgh Postnatal Depression ScaleBreast milkPostnatal depressionSymptoms of postnatal depressionAdministration of exogenous OTOT concentrationsCut-off pointRandomized controlled trialsPostnatal Depression ScalePostnatal depressive symptomsDouble-blindNasal sprayMother-infant bondingPotential biological mechanismsMaternal postnatal depressionOT contentBreast milk samplesMental health vulnerabilitiesOT pathwaysExogenous OTOT administrationControl mothersBreastDepressed mothersOxytocinTransarterial chemoembolisation combined with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus dual placebo for unresectable, non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (LEAP-012): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study
Kudo M, Ren Z, Guo Y, Han G, Lin H, Zheng J, Ogasawara S, Kim J, Zhao H, Li C, Madoff D, Ghobrial R, Kawaoka T, Gerolami R, Ikeda M, Kumada H, El-Khoueiry A, Vogel A, Peng X, Mody K, Dutcus C, Dubrovsky L, Siegel A, Finn R, Llovet J, investigators L. Transarterial chemoembolisation combined with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus dual placebo for unresectable, non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (LEAP-012): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study. The Lancet 2025, 405: 203-215. PMID: 39798578, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)02575-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEastern Cooperative Oncology GroupNon-metastatic hepatocellular carcinomaProgression-free survivalTreatment-related adverse eventsPembrolizumab groupPhase 3 studyTransarterial chemoembolisationPlacebo groupHepatocellular carcinomaIntention-to-treatOverall survivalDouble-blindPerformance statusAdverse eventsFollow-upEastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance statusChild-Pugh class A diseaseMedian progression-free survivalSolid Tumors version 1.1Blinded independent central reviewA-fetoprotein levelAlbumin-bilirubin gradeResponse Evaluation CriteriaAs-treated populationMedian follow-upDoes semaglutide reduce alcohol intake in Danish patients with alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity? Trial protocol of a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (the SEMALCO trial)
Klausen M, Kuzey T, Pedersen J, Justesen S, Rasmussen L, Knorr U, Mason G, Ekstrøm C, Holst J, Koob G, Benveniste H, Volkow N, Knudsen G, Vilsbøll T, Fink-Jensen A. Does semaglutide reduce alcohol intake in Danish patients with alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity? Trial protocol of a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (the SEMALCO trial). BMJ Open 2025, 15: e086454. PMID: 39779270, PMCID: PMC11749217, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086454.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlcohol use disorderUse disorderGamma-aminobutyric acidComorbid obesityAlcohol cue reactivityCognitive behavioral therapyHeavy drinking daysWhite matter tract integrityBrain gamma-aminobutyric acidGlucagon-like peptide-1Alcohol consumptionMental health disordersReduce alcohol consumptionClinical trialsCue reactivityPlacebo-controlled clinical trialBehavioral therapyDrinking daysFunctional connectivityGLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutideWeeks of treatmentDouble-blind clinical trialTract integrityEthics Committee of the Capital Region of DenmarkHealth disordersevoke and evoke+: design of two large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability of semaglutide in early-stage symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease
Cummings J, Atri A, Feldman H, Hansson O, Sano M, Knop F, Johannsen P, León T, Scheltens P. evoke and evoke+: design of two large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability of semaglutide in early-stage symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy 2025, 17: 14. PMID: 39780249, PMCID: PMC11708093, DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01666-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGlucagon-Like PeptidesHumansMaleMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeConceptsSymptomatic ADAlzheimer's diseaseDouble-blindGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutidePlacebo-controlled phase 3 trialOnce-daily oral semaglutideClinical Dementia RatingMild cognitive impairmentAD-related processesAD biomarkersSafety of semaglutideDose-escalation regimenPhase 3 studyBaseline to weekEffect of semaglutidePhase 3 trialCognitive impairmentPathophysiology of Alzheimer's diseasePotential disease-modifying effectsDementia RatingSymptomatic Alzheimer's diseaseTreatment of type 2 diabetesPlacebo-controlledType 2 diabetesDisease-modifying potentialPregnenolone effects on parasympathetic response to stress and alcohol cue provocation in treatment‐seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder
Gao H, Sinha R, Wemm S, Milivojevic V. Pregnenolone effects on parasympathetic response to stress and alcohol cue provocation in treatment‐seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder. Alcohol Clinical And Experimental Research 2025, 49: 619-628. PMID: 39779217, PMCID: PMC11928267, DOI: 10.1111/acer.15529.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlcohol use disorderTreatment-seeking individualsAlcohol cuesAlcohol cravingResponse to stressPregnenolone groupUse disorderResponse to alcohol cuesGroup x condition interactionHigher alcohol cravingLinear mixed-effects modelsHeart rate variabilityHeart rate variability indicesAutonomic nervous system dysregulationChronic alcohol consumptionRandomized to placeboAutonomic nervous system responsesNervous system dysregulationCravingAlcohol's impactCondition interactionAssociated with autonomic nervous system dysregulationNervous system responsesAutonomic responsesEnhanced autonomic function
2024
Associations of blood pressure with white matter hyperintensities later in life; influence of short-term menopausal hormone therapy
Kara F, Tosakulwong N, Lesnick T, Fought A, Kendell-Thomas J, Kapoor E, Faubion L, Schwarz C, Senjem M, Fields J, Min P, Lowe V, Jack C, Bailey K, James T, Lobo R, Manson J, Pal L, Hammers D, Malek-Ahmadi M, Cedars M, Naftolin F, Santoro N, Miller V, Harman S, Dowling N, Gleason C, Kantarci K. Associations of blood pressure with white matter hyperintensities later in life; influence of short-term menopausal hormone therapy. Menopause The Journal Of The North American Menopause Society 2024, 32: 12-22. PMID: 39729067, PMCID: PMC11896108, DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002481.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsKronos Early Estrogen Prevention StudyMenopausal hormone therapyBaseline blood pressureWhite matter hyperintensityBlood pressureHormone therapySD age of participantsPeriventricular white matter hyperintensityLower CVD riskDiastolic blood pressureCVD risk factorsObservational follow-upAssociation of blood pressureRisk of white matter hyperintensityWMH volumeAssociation of systolicAssociated with greater WMH volumeDouble-blindPostmenopausal womenGreater WMH volumeSD ageAge of participantsFollow-upMenopausal womenElevated BP
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