2017
Mecamylamine treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized controlled trial
Petrakis IL, Ralevski E, Gueorguieva R, O'Malley SS, Arias A, Sevarino KA, Jane JS, O'Brien E, Krystal JH. Mecamylamine treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2017, 113: 6-14. PMID: 28710873, PMCID: PMC5725262, DOI: 10.1111/add.13943.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeavy drinking daysDrinking daysAlcohol use disorderUse disordersAlcohol consumptionAlcohol dependenceDouble-blind clinical trialNicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonistWeeks of treatmentAcetylcholine receptor antagonistCurrent alcohol dependenceSignificant differencesTreatment-seeking smokersMecamylamine treatmentPlacebo groupMonth 3Primary outcomeSmoking statusNicotine withdrawalReceptor antagonistNovel pharmacotherapiesClinical trialsManagement therapyMecamylamineTreatment groups
2014
Tobacco smoking interferes with GABAA receptor neuroadaptations during prolonged alcohol withdrawal
Cosgrove KP, McKay R, Esterlis I, Kloczynski T, Perkins E, Bois F, Pittman B, Lancaster J, Glahn DC, O’Malley S, Carson RE, Krystal JH. Tobacco smoking interferes with GABAA receptor neuroadaptations during prolonged alcohol withdrawal. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2014, 111: 18031-18036. PMID: 25453062, PMCID: PMC4273348, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1413947111.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGABAA receptor levelsAlcohol withdrawalTobacco smokingReceptor levelsGABAA receptorsAlcohol-dependent smokersGABAA receptor availabilityMo of abstinenceProlonged alcohol withdrawalGABAA receptor systemCombination of alcoholNicotine blocksComorbid alcoholSustained elevationAlcohol abstinenceNicotine dependenceRobust elevationReceptor availabilityNicotine consumptionSmokingReceptor systemFirst weekNonhuman primatesControl levelsWithdrawalGoing up in smoke? A review of nAChRs-based treatment strategies for improving cognition in schizophrenia.
Boggs DL, Carlson J, Cortes-Briones J, Krystal JH, D'Souza DC. Going up in smoke? A review of nAChRs-based treatment strategies for improving cognition in schizophrenia. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2014, 20: 5077-92. PMID: 24345265, PMCID: PMC4442779, DOI: 10.2174/1381612819666131216121019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCognitive impairmentStandardized cognitive test batteryCognitive test batteryInformation processing impairmentsNicotinic medicationsProcessing impairmentsCore deficitAttentional deficitsTest batteryCognitive deficitsProximal measuresBrain functionCognitionSchizophreniaDeficitsImpairmentNumber of medicationsNicotinic acetylcholine receptorsCertain symptomsConsistent improvementClinical evidenceTreatment strategiesClinical studiesNicotinic receptorsClinical utility
2011
Neuroimaging insights into the role of cortical GABA systems and the influence of nicotine on the recovery from alcohol dependence
Cosgrove KP, Esterlis I, Mason GF, Bois F, O’Malley S, Krystal JH. Neuroimaging insights into the role of cortical GABA systems and the influence of nicotine on the recovery from alcohol dependence. Neuropharmacology 2011, 60: 1318-1325. PMID: 21276806, PMCID: PMC3078950, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.01.020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlcohol withdrawalTobacco smokingGABA levelsNeuronal functionNeuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptorsAlcohol-dependent smokersCortical GABA systemGABA neuronal functionProlonged alcohol withdrawalInfluence of nicotineNicotinic acetylcholine receptorsAlcohol-dependent individualsEffects of alcoholPreclinical evidenceRole of alcoholGABA systemPreclinical modelsTobacco smokeErminio CostaBenzodiazepine receptorsAcetylcholine receptorsAlcohol dependenceSmokingPrimary actionClinical experiments
2004
Nicotine effects on brain function and functional connectivity in schizophrenia
Jacobsen LK, D'Souza DC, Mencl WE, Pugh KR, Skudlarski P, Krystal JH. Nicotine effects on brain function and functional connectivity in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 2004, 55: 850-858. PMID: 15050867, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalysis of VarianceAttentionBrainBrain MappingBrief Psychiatric Rating ScaleCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMemory, Short-TermMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsNicotineNicotinic AgonistsReaction TimeRegression AnalysisSchizophreniaSmokeTask Performance and AnalysisVerbal LearningConceptsTask performanceFunctional connectivityFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanningBrain regionsN-back taskMultiple cognitive domainsNetwork of regionsDifficult task conditionsAnterior cingulate cortexAttention loadMemory loadSelective attentionCognitive domainsTask conditionsCognitive functionCingulate cortexThalamocortical functional connectivityNicotine effectsCognitive dysfunctionBrain functionSchizophrenia patientsControl subjectsSchizophrenic subjectsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanningMental illness
2002
Impact of intravenous nicotine on BOLD signal response to photic stimulation
Jacobsen LK, Gore JC, Skudlarski P, Lacadie CM, Jatlow P, Krystal JH. Impact of intravenous nicotine on BOLD signal response to photic stimulation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2002, 20: 141-145. PMID: 12034334, DOI: 10.1016/s0730-725x(02)00494-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBOLD signal responseFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPhotic stimulationIntravenous infusionNeuronal activitySuccessive intravenous infusionsBlood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signalEffects of nicotineLevel-dependent signalMagnetic resonance imagingHealthy smokersVascular effectsTobacco smokingBrain effectsNicotine receptorsIntravenous nicotineEvidence of alterationsOccipital cortexVisual cortexResonance imagingNicotineBOLD signalStimulationInfusionCortex
1999
Toward a rational pharmacotherapy of comorbid substance abuse in schizophrenic patients
Krystal J, D'Souza D, Madonick S, Petrakis I. Toward a rational pharmacotherapy of comorbid substance abuse in schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia Research 1999, 35: s35-s49. PMID: 10190224, DOI: 10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00162-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSchizophrenic patientsSubstance abuseTerms of rehospitalizationComorbid substance abuseExacerbation of symptomsHealth care expensesSelf-medication hypothesisBetter prognosisMedical illnessPharmacotherapeutic approachesRational pharmacotherapyNonschizophrenic populationsPatientsVocational functionIllicit substancesCare expensesAbuseVulnerability hypothesisRehospitalizationExacerbationMedicationsPharmacotherapyPrognosisPsychostimulantsIllness