2025
The Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Cardiovascular Disease
Jamil Y, Krishnaswami A, Orkaby A, Stimmel M, Brown Iv C, Mecca A, Forman D, Rich M, Nanna M, Damluji A. The Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Cardiovascular Disease. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2025, 85: 2472-2491. PMID: 40562512, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2025.04.057.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImpact of cognitive impairmentCognitive impairmentCardiovascular diseaseHealth care utilizationOlder adult populationEvidence-based management strategiesMedical adverse eventsHealth literacyCare utilizationOlder adultsMitigate cognitive impairmentUnder-prescribedReduced participationU.S. populationTreatment of patientsAdult populationGuideline-directedExcess morbidityCardiac patientsRisk factorsOlder patientsAdverse eventsHealthMechanism of cognitive impairmentInterventional managementCarcinogenic Industrial Air Emissions and Lung Cancer Risk in a Cohort of 440,000 Americans.
Madrigal J, Fisher J, Pruitt C, Liao L, Graubard B, Ward M, Silverman D, Jones R. Carcinogenic Industrial Air Emissions and Lung Cancer Risk in a Cohort of 440,000 Americans. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 2025, 211: 1241-1252. PMID: 40315142, DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202409-1738oc.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLung cancer riskCancer riskAssociated with riskNIH-AARP DietEvaluate lung cancer riskLung carcinogensAssociated with lung cancerCox proportional hazards modelsNIH-AARPHealth StudyProportional hazards modelSquamous cell carcinomaStrong associationsAssociated with benzeneHazards modelIndustrial air emissionsEnrollment residenceCell carcinomaOverall riskLung cancer developmentSmokingAssociationRiskHistological subtypesLung cancerSerotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor Is Associated With Lower Mortality Among Patients Presenting With Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy.
Shamaki G, Anuforo A, Safiriyu I, Corteville D, Sanghavi M, Shah S, Clark K. Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor Is Associated With Lower Mortality Among Patients Presenting With Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2025, 14: e037951. PMID: 40551298, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.037951.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitorsDiagnosis of takotsubo cardiomyopathyTakotsubo cardiomyopathyPropensity score matchingReuptake inhibitorsClinical outcomes of patientsNorepinephrine reuptake inhibitorsReuptake of serotoninScore matchingOutcomes of patientsOpioid-related disordersCocaine-related disordersAssociated with lower mortalityLower mortalityTriNetX Research NetworkTreatment of depressionAssociated with lowered mortalityAcute myocardial infarctionNeuropathic painPresynaptic reuptakeClinical outcomesCardiac arrestPrimary outcomeSecondary outcomesVentricular fibrillationRisk Factors for Serious Bacterial Infections Among Young Infants With Hypothermia: Protocol for a Multicenter, Retrospective Case-Control Study
Ramgopal S, Aronson P, Lorenz D, Rogers A, Cruz A. Risk Factors for Serious Bacterial Infections Among Young Infants With Hypothermia: Protocol for a Multicenter, Retrospective Case-Control Study. JMIR Research Protocols 2025, 14: e66722. PMID: 40536806, DOI: 10.2196/66722.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEpidemiology of SBIHerpes simplex virusCase-control studyEmergency departmentYoung infantsMultivariable prediction modelRetrospective nested case-control studyBacterial infectionsRetrospective case-control studyManagement of young infantsNested case-control studyUrinary tract infectionOptimal cutoff valueSerious bacterial infectionsSoft tissue infectionsOutcome measuresPediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research CommitteeReceiver operating characteristic curvePediatric emergency departmentOperating characteristics curveUS children's hospitalsMixed effects logistic regressionHSV-positiveBlood culturesPredicting SBILatent Health Status Trajectories in Individuals With New or Worsening Claudication Symptoms.
Grubman S, Romain G, Cleman J, Scierka L, Pajarillo C, Kluger J, Mena-Hurtado C, Smolderen K. Latent Health Status Trajectories in Individuals With New or Worsening Claudication Symptoms. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2025, 14: e039455. PMID: 40530482, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.039455.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth status trajectoriesPeripheral artery disease careStatus trajectoriesDisease careHealth statusClaudication symptomsTrajectory subgroupsPeripheral Artery QuestionnaireVascular specialty clinicsPeripheral artery questionnaire scoresHierarchical multivariable logistic regressionImprove health statusMultivariate logistic regressionClinically meaningful thresholdsRegistry of patientsPsychosocial factorsBiopsychosocial modelDepressive symptomsSpecialty clinicsAlcohol use disorderQuestionnaire scoresRecovery trajectoriesLogistic regressionHealthLatent trajectory modelsInpatient Outcomes for Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease Hospitalized for Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Gusdorf J, Faridi K, Wang T, Mena-Hurtado C, Smolderen K, Rymer J, Curtis J, Li S, Secemsky E. Inpatient Outcomes for Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease Hospitalized for Acute Myocardial Infarction. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2025, 14: e040526. PMID: 40497502, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.040526.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute myocardial infarction typesPeripheral arterial diseaseAcute myocardial infarctionIn-hospital mortalityPeripheral artery disease hospitalizationsIn-hospital outcomesAcute myocardial infarction hospitalizationsCardiac arrestHigh-risk populationAssociated with increased ratesLong-term riskRevascularized patientsInpatient outcomesMultivariable adjustmentHeart failureArtery diseasePrimary outcomeAdverse cardiovascular outcomesUS sitesHeightened riskAge groupsSecondary end pointsSubgroup analysisDialysis initiationCoronary artery diseaseAcute Ischemic Stroke Risk Following Cardiac Interventions in the United States From 2016 to 2021
Koo A, Zhou L, Hameed I, Rivier C, Clocchiatti-Tuozzo S, Kamel H, Falcone G, Ney J, Sharma R, Matouk C, Yaghi S, Sheth K, de Havenon A. Acute Ischemic Stroke Risk Following Cardiac Interventions in the United States From 2016 to 2021. Neurology 2025, 105: e213766. PMID: 40493873, PMCID: PMC12165311, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000213766.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntervention hospitalsSurvey weightsNon-Hispanic black ethnicityNIH Stroke ScaleStroke riskIschemic strokeFactors associated with ischemic strokeAssociated with female sexCardiac interventionsIschemic stroke riskIncidence of ischemic strokeVariables associated with riskRate of ischemic strokeNational Inpatient SampleHigh-risk populationDiagnosis-related groupsIntervention patientsCross-sectional cohortUnited StatesAcute ischemic stroke riskIn-hospital deathRisk of strokeSecondary analysisBlack ethnicityInpatient mortalityThe Brain Care Score and its associations with cardiovascular disease and cancer
Senff J, Rivier C, Tack R, Tan B, Kimball T, Brouwers H, Newhouse A, Fricchione G, Tanzi R, Yechoor N, Chemali Z, Anderson C, Rosand J, Falcone G, Singh S. The Brain Care Score and its associations with cardiovascular disease and cancer. Family Practice 2025, 42: cmaf034. PMID: 40464807, DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmaf034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLate-life depressionIncidence of cardiovascular diseaseCare scoresCardiovascular diseaseUK Biobank (UKBCases of cardiovascular diseaseRisk of dementiaHealth-related behaviorsIncident cardiovascular diseaseModifiable risk factorsCases of cancerCancer typesUKB participantsCox proportional hazards regression analysisProportional hazards regression analysisHazards regression analysisHealthy agingRisk factorsUKBDementiaRegression analysisFollow-upParticipantsAge-related brain diseasesBaselineEffect modification by cardiovascular and metabolic disease onset on long-term PM2.5 exposure and mortality: a nationwide cohort study
Jang H, Park J, Lee E, Kang D, Moon J, Song I, Ahn S, Kim A, Kang C, Oh J, Kwon D, Min J, Kim E, Bell M, Kim H, Lee W. Effect modification by cardiovascular and metabolic disease onset on long-term PM2.5 exposure and mortality: a nationwide cohort study. Scientific Reports 2025, 15: 19570. PMID: 40467860, PMCID: PMC12137577, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-04498-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term PM2.5 exposureEffect modificationPM2.5 exposureEstimate effect modificationPM2.5-mortality associationsPopulation-representative cohortTarget specific interventionsMyocardial infarctionNationwide cohort studyNon-accidental deathsEffects of PM2.5PM2.5-mortalityRisk of PM2.5Preemptive careCox regression modelsHTN/DMCohort studyHazard ratioDisease onsetCerebrovascular diseaseRegression modelsMetabolic disease onsetCohortRenal diseaseMortalitySmall Cell Lung Cancer
Kim S, Park H, Chiang A. Small Cell Lung Cancer. JAMA 2025, 333: 1906-1917. PMID: 40163214, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2025.0560.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmall cell lung cancerFirst-line treatmentCell lung cancerES-SCLCLS-SCLCLung cancerPlatinum-etoposideMaintenance immunotherapyOverall survivalMedian overall survival of patientsCell death 1 ligand 1Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1Rate of tumor shrinkageHigh-grade neuroendocrine carcinomaThree-year overall survivalBispecific T-cell engagerDelta-like ligand 3Overall survival of patientsDevelopment of small cell lung cancerPlatinum-etoposide chemotherapyPrimary lung massMedian overall survivalSecond-line therapyT-cell engagersSmoking-related malignanciesSkin Elasticity: A Potential Surrogate Marker for Facial Allograft Skin Fibrosis—A Case Series
Stögner V, Boroumand S, Vafa A, Huelsboemer L, Kauke‐Navarro M, Formica R, Leffell D, Haykal S, Pomahac B. Skin Elasticity: A Potential Surrogate Marker for Facial Allograft Skin Fibrosis—A Case Series. Clinical Transplantation 2025, 39: e70175. PMID: 40460163, DOI: 10.1111/ctr.70175.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-transplant yearVascularized composite allotransplantationRecipient/donor ageImmunosuppressive regimensSurrogate markerSmoking statusVascularized composite allotransplantation recipientsPotential surrogate markersBilateral upper armsFace transplant recipientsSkin elasticity measurementsAllograft fibrosisChronic rejectionGraft lossTransplant recipientsBilateral cheeksCase seriesDermal fibrosisSkin changesFacial allograftDegenerative skin changesGraft changesFacial skinNet elasticityRejection burdenRisk factors for perioperative nerve injury associated with total knee arthroplasty: Analysis of a national administrative database
Jayaram R, Kim L, Day W, Doshi R, Rubin L, Grauer J. Risk factors for perioperative nerve injury associated with total knee arthroplasty: Analysis of a national administrative database. PLOS ONE 2025, 20: e0324527. PMID: 40455711, PMCID: PMC12129142, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324527.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBody mass indexIndependent risk factorNerve injuryElixhauser Comorbidity IndexRisk factorsMultivariate analysisAssociated with nerve injuryInvestigate independent risk factorsOdds ratioRevision surgeryIncidence of nerve injuryRisk of nerve injuryPostoperative nerve injuryUnderweight body mass indexType of surgeryDay of surgeryAdministrative databasesNational administrative databaseTKA proceduresPatient ageRisk stratificationMass indexAdverse outcomesDecreased riskFemale sexTemporospatial variation in environmental risk factors and related gastric cancer incidence: a registry-based study in an area with the largest gastric cancer burden in China
Zhao L, Huang H, Zhang C, Luan X, Niu P, Zhu Y, Xiong Y, Wang W, Han X, Huang D, Wang H, Sun P, Hu Z, Qie R, Xie Y, Wu M, Yan Q, Zhao T, Liu Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Chen Y. Temporospatial variation in environmental risk factors and related gastric cancer incidence: a registry-based study in an area with the largest gastric cancer burden in China. Journal Of Global Health 2025, 15: 04083. PMID: 40452325, PMCID: PMC12127779, DOI: 10.7189/jogh.15.04083.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAge-standardised incidence ratesAge-standardised mortality ratesIncidence rate of gastric cancerRate of gastric cancerGastric cancer incidenceCancer incidenceHighest incidence rateChina Cancer Registry Annual ReportCancer Registry Annual ReportSoil organic carbon densityGastric cancer burdenRegistry Annual ReportJoinpoint regression modelMortality rates of gastric cancerAmbient air pollutionIncidence of gastric cancerRegression modelsRegistry-based studyTemporal trendsEnvironmental risk factorsMortality rateInvestigate temporal trendsCancer burdenMortality dataChina National Environmental Monitoring CentreUsing vascular biomarkers to assess heart failure event risk in hospitalized patients with and without AKI
Shi A, Andrawis A, Biswas A, Wilson F, Obeid W, Philbrook H, Go A, Ikizler T, Siew E, Chinchilli V, Hsu C, Garg A, Reeves W, Prince D, Bhatraju P, Coca S, Liu K, Kimmel P, Kaufman J, Wurfel M, Himmelfarb J, Parikh C, Mansour S. Using vascular biomarkers to assess heart failure event risk in hospitalized patients with and without AKI. BMC Nephrology 2025, 26: 271. PMID: 40457292, PMCID: PMC12131712, DOI: 10.1186/s12882-025-04169-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsArea under the curveRisk of HF eventsHeart failureHF eventsHospitalized patientsPrediction of HFVascular biomarkersClinical modelHigher risk of HF eventsPrediction of HF eventsLevels of injury markersRates of heart failureDormant phenotypeAssociated with higher riskCox regression analysisHeart failure eventsCardiovascular disease risk factorsPost-hospitalizationDisease risk factorsSerum creatinineAKI patientsStratify patientsInjury markersLung diseaseClinical centers10-Year and 30-Year Risks of Cardiovascular Disease in the U.S. Population
Faridi K, Malik D, Essa M, Yang H, Spatz E, Krumholz H, Lu Y. 10-Year and 30-Year Risks of Cardiovascular Disease in the U.S. Population. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2025, 85: 2239-2249. PMID: 40499978, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2025.03.546.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk of cardiovascular diseaseAtherosclerotic CVDU.S. adultsU.S. populationHispanic adultsCardiovascular diseaseCVD riskLong-term riskNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyHealth and Nutrition Examination SurveyRisk of atherosclerotic CVDElevated 10-year riskLong-term risk of cardiovascular diseaseAdults aged >Nutrition Examination SurveyTotal cardiovascular diseaseRisk factor profileRisk of total cardiovascular diseaseSurvey-weighted prevalenceMiddle-aged adultsPrevent cardiovascular diseaseHeart failureExamination SurveyAge-standardizedBlack adultsPerinatal Exposures to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Outdoor Artificial Light at Night and Risk of Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Deziel N, Wang R, Warren J, Dinauer C, Ogilvie J, Clark C, Zhong C, Wiemels J, Morimoto L, Metayer C, Ma X. Perinatal Exposures to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Outdoor Artificial Light at Night and Risk of Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Environmental Health Perspectives 2025, 133: 057026. PMID: 40209106, PMCID: PMC12121722, DOI: 10.1289/ehp14849.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAir PollutantsCaliforniaCarcinoma, PapillaryCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolEnvironmental ExposureFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLightingMaleParticulate MatterPregnancyPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsRisk FactorsThyroid Cancer, PapillaryThyroid NeoplasmsYoung AdultConceptsThyroid cancer riskOutdoor artificial lightAmbient fine particulate matterCancer riskOdds ratioAge groupsConfidence intervalsExposure to ambient fine particulate matterIndividual-level exposuresAssociated with thyroid cancerPediatric thyroid cancer incidenceControls frequency-matchedPapillary thyroid cancer riskThyroid cancer incidenceFine particulate matterCalifornia birth cohortOutdoor air pollutionAerodynamic diameter <Case-control studyHypothesized risk factorsStatistically significant associationCancer incidenceThyroid cancerExposure tertilesFrequency-matchedPTPN2 and Leukopenia in Individuals With Normal TPMT and NUDT15 Metabolizer Status Taking Azathioprine
Daniel L, Nepal P, Zanussi J, Dickson A, Straub P, Miller‐Fleming T, Wei W, Hung A, Cox N, Kawai V, Mosley J, Stein C, Feng Q, Liu G, Tao R, Chung C. PTPN2 and Leukopenia in Individuals With Normal TPMT and NUDT15 Metabolizer Status Taking Azathioprine. Clinical And Translational Science 2025, 18: e70220. PMID: 40442974, PMCID: PMC12122386, DOI: 10.1111/cts.70220.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGenome-wide association studiesGenome-wide significancePrincipal components of ancestryImmune cell developmentGenetic risk factorsDose-dependent side effectsAssociation studiesGenetic dataSide effects of azathioprineIntronic variantsElectronic health recordsVanderbilt's electronic health recordEffect of azathioprineCell developmentPTPN2Replication cohortTPMTHealth recordsNUDT15NIH-funded projectDrug discontinuationThiopurine useBioVUXanthine oxidase inhibitorLeukopeniaCurrent management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Sikand N, Stendahl J, Sen S, Lampert R, Day S. Current management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The BMJ 2025, 389: e077274. PMID: 40425241, DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-077274.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOutflow tract gradientObstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathyHypertrophic cardiomyopathyAtrial fibrillationLeft ventricular outflow tract gradientNon-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathyManagement of hypertrophic cardiomyopathyRisk of sudden deathCardiac sarcomere genesImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantationSeptal reduction therapyNon-obstructive diseaseSymptomatic atrial fibrillationCardiac myosin inhibitorLeft ventricular hypertrophySurgical treatment optionsCardioverter-defibrillator implantationAdvanced heart failureStructural heart conditionsArrhythmic riskCardiac transplantationImprove patient outcomesRhythm controlMedical therapyVentricular hypertrophyExamining socioeconomic differences in sepsis risk and mediation by modifiable factors: a Mendelian randomization study
Stensrud V, Rogne T, Flatby H, Mohus R, Gustad L, Nilsen T. Examining socioeconomic differences in sepsis risk and mediation by modifiable factors: a Mendelian randomization study. BMC Infectious Diseases 2025, 25: 739. PMID: 40410669, PMCID: PMC12103053, DOI: 10.1186/s12879-025-11130-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSummary-level dataSocioeconomic differencesGenome-wide association studiesGenetic instrumentsEducational attainmentMendelian randomizationMR analysisStandard deviation increaseBias due to population stratificationOdds ratioPreventive factorsMR-Egger regressionExamined socioeconomic differencesMultivariable MR analysisEffect of smoking initiationAssociation studiesMendelian randomization studiesEffects of educational attainmentDeviation increaseYears of educationBody mass indexBackgroundEducational attainmentDynastic effectsMedian OREgger regressionDevelopment and Validation of Models to Estimate the Incident Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults.
Nanna M, Wojdyla D, Peterson E, Navar A, Williamson J, Colantonio L, Wang S, Jamil Y, Bertoni A, Nahid M, Damluji A, Goyal P, Chaudhry S, Gill T, Alexander K. Development and Validation of Models to Estimate the Incident Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2025, 14: e038949. PMID: 40401627, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.038949.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk of cognitive impairmentAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease eventsAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseRisk prediction modelCognitive impairmentOlder adultsMeasures of healthIncident cognitive impairmentOlder person's riskPooled Cohort EquationsCardiovascular diseaseRisk of deathCohort EquationsFramingham OffspringOlder personsExternal validationFunctional statusPersonal riskIncidence riskValidation cohortYoung adultsInternal validityFraminghamCohortTreatment decisions
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