2014
Cerebral metabolite changes prior to and after antiretroviral therapy in primary HIV infection
Young AC, Yiannoutsos CT, Hegde M, Lee E, Peterson J, Walter R, Price RW, Meyerhoff DJ, Spudich S. Cerebral metabolite changes prior to and after antiretroviral therapy in primary HIV infection. Neurology 2014, 83: 1592-1600. PMID: 25261502, PMCID: PMC4223087, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000932.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary HIV infectionParietal gray matterInitiation of ARTMI/CrFrontal white matterAntiretroviral therapyGlu/CrCho/CrHIV infectionBasal gangliaWhite matterGray matterN-acetylaspartateT proton magnetic resonance spectroscopyCerebral metabolite changesEarly ART initiationTreatment-naive participantsEarly antiretroviral therapyLevels of glutamateNAA/CrProton magnetic resonance spectroscopyCholine-containing metabolitesMagnetic resonance spectroscopyART initiationHigh-field magnetic resonance spectroscopyPeripheral Neuropathy in Primary HIV Infection Associates With Systemic and Central Nervous System Immune Activation
Wang SX, Ho EL, Grill M, Lee E, Peterson J, Robertson K, Fuchs D, Sinclair E, Price RW, Spudich S. Peripheral Neuropathy in Primary HIV Infection Associates With Systemic and Central Nervous System Immune Activation. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2014, 66: 303-310. PMID: 24732871, PMCID: PMC4147038, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000167.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary HIV infectionPeripheral neuropathyCerebrospinal fluidHIV infectionHIV transmissionPN subjectsCentral nervous system immune activationCSF white blood cell countPlasma HIV RNA levelsSigns of PNWhite blood cell countChronic HIV infectionHIV RNA levelsCD8 T lymphocytesDetailed neurologic examinationSymptomatic peripheral neuropathyBlood cell countChemoattractant protein-1Blood CD4Blood neopterinCD8 countsCSF neopterinBilateral findingsFrequent complicationAnalysis of bloodEvolving Character of Chronic Central Nervous System HIV Infection
Price RW, Spudich SS, Peterson J, Joseph S, Fuchs D, Zetterberg H, Gisslén M, Swanstrom R. Evolving Character of Chronic Central Nervous System HIV Infection. Seminars In Neurology 2014, 34: 007-013. PMID: 24715483, PMCID: PMC4120280, DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372337.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral therapyCentral nervous systemHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionCentral nervous system HIV infectionSystemic infectionVirus type 1 infectionCombination antiretroviral therapyType 1 infectionResource-poor settingsUntreated courseCNS infectionsHIV infectionClinical presentationMotor dysfunctionCNS injuryInflammatory responseNervous systemViral pathogenesisInfectionCharacteristic cognitiveDysfunctionBroad prevalenceHADMarked declineSevere consequences
2011
Central Nervous System Immune Activation Characterizes Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Infection Even in Participants With Minimal Cerebrospinal Fluid Viral Burden
Spudich S, Gisslen M, Hagberg L, Lee E, Liegler T, Brew B, Fuchs D, Tambussi G, Cinque P, Hecht FM, Price RW. Central Nervous System Immune Activation Characterizes Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Infection Even in Participants With Minimal Cerebrospinal Fluid Viral Burden. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2011, 204: 753-760. PMID: 21844301, PMCID: PMC3156103, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir387.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWhite blood cell countCSF HIV RNAPrimary HIV infectionHIV RNACerebrospinal fluidPHI participantsImmune activationAlbumin ratioPrimary human immunodeficiency virus-1 infectionCentral nervous system immune activationCSF white blood cell countHuman immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHigher albumin ratioHIV-seronegative controlsImmunodeficiency virus infectionHIV-seronegative participantsCells/μLLow cerebrospinal fluidBlood cell countVirus-1 infectionCross-sectional studyMagnitude of infectionCXCL10 concentrationsPHI patients