2014
Progressive increase in central nervous system immune activation in untreated primary HIV-1 infection
Suh J, Sinclair E, Peterson J, Lee E, Kyriakides TC, Li FY, Hagberg L, Fuchs D, Price RW, Gisslen M, Spudich S. Progressive increase in central nervous system immune activation in untreated primary HIV-1 infection. Journal Of Neuroinflammation 2014, 11: 199. PMID: 25465205, PMCID: PMC4263211, DOI: 10.1186/s12974-014-0199-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary HIV-1 infectionHIV-1 infectionCSF neopterinCerebrospinal fluidT cellsHIV infectionCentral nervous system immune activationUntreated primary HIV-1 infectionBaseline levelsEarly HIV-1 infectionCSF neopterin concentrationsNervous system inflammationMixed effects modelsCluster of differentiationMajority of subjectsCNS inflammationSystem inflammationAverage followNeopterin concentrationsHIV transmissionImmune activationLumbar punctureResultsA totalIntrathecal inflammationNatural course
2013
Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin decay characteristics after initiation of antiretroviral therapy
Yilmaz A, Yiannoutsos CT, Fuchs D, Price RW, Crozier K, Hagberg L, Spudich S, Gisslén M. Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin decay characteristics after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Journal Of Neuroinflammation 2013, 10: 828. PMID: 23664008, PMCID: PMC3657550, DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-10-62.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCSF neopterin levelsAntiretroviral therapyNeopterin levelsCerebrospinal fluidCSF neopterinHAD patientsMacrophage activationART-mediated viral suppressionCommencement of ARTHigher pre-ART levelsCSF neopterin concentrationsPre-ART levelsProlonged antiretroviral therapySuppressive antiretroviral therapySet-point levelsBlood neopterinHAD subjectsART initiationAsymptomatic HIVTreatment-naïveViral suppressionNeopterin concentrationsImmune activationMost HIVHIV
2010
Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin: an informative biomarker of central nervous system immune activation in HIV-1 infection
Hagberg L, Cinque P, Gisslen M, Brew BJ, Spudich S, Bestetti A, Price RW, Fuchs D. Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin: an informative biomarker of central nervous system immune activation in HIV-1 infection. AIDS Research And Therapy 2010, 7: 15. PMID: 20525234, PMCID: PMC2890504, DOI: 10.1186/1742-6405-7-15.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCSF HIV RNACSF neopterin concentrationsCSF neopterinCentral nervous systemIntrathecal immunoactivationCNS infectionsHIV RNANeopterin concentrationsImmune activationCerebrospinal fluidCentral nervous system immune activationNeurological diseasesBlood CD4 cell countCNS HIV infectionIntrathecal immune activationOngoing brain injuryOpportunistic CNS infectionsCD4 cell countCombination antiretroviral therapyCNS opportunistic infectionsMacrophage activation markersHIV-1 infectionSuppression of plasmaUntreated AIDS patientsAbsence of treatment
2008
Persistent Intrathecal Immune Activation in HIV-1-Infected Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy
Yilmaz A, Price RW, Spudich S, Fuchs D, Hagberg L, Gisslén M. Persistent Intrathecal Immune Activation in HIV-1-Infected Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2008, 47: 168-173. PMID: 17971711, PMCID: PMC2628632, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31815ace97.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCSF neopterin levelsHIV-1-infected patientsHIV-1-infected individualsCSF neopterin concentrationsCSF viral loadIntrathecal immune activationAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1 RNACopies/mLNeopterin levelsViral loadNeopterin concentrationsImmune activationCSF HIV-1 RNA loadMost HIV-1-infected individualsPlasma HIV-1 RNA levelsCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neopterin levelsQuantitative HIV-1 RNAHIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 RNA loadCell-mediated immune responsesHIV-1 RNA quantificationHIV-1 concentrationsStable antiretroviral therapySuppressive antiretroviral therapy