2025
Detection of emergency department patients at risk of dementia through artificial intelligence
Cohen I, Taylor R, Xue H, Faustino I, Festa N, Brandt C, Gao E, Han L, Khasnavis S, Lai J, Mecca A, Sapre A, Young J, Zanchelli M, Hwang U. Detection of emergency department patients at risk of dementia through artificial intelligence. Alzheimer's & Dementia 2025, 21: e70334. PMID: 40457744, PMCID: PMC12130574, DOI: 10.1002/alz.70334.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health record dataHealth record dataEmergency departmentDetect dementiaDementia detectionYale New Haven HealthRecord dataRisk of dementiaEmergency department patientsBalance detection accuracyDementia algorithmsImprove patient outcomesCare coordinationCare transitionsDementia diagnosisReal-time applicationsClinical decision-makingClinician supportED usePatient safetyProbable dementiaMachine learning algorithmsED workflowED visitsED encountersNovel algorithms & blood‐based biomarkers: Dementia detection and care transitions for persons living with dementia in the emergency department
Saxena S, Carpenter C, Floden D, Meldon S, Taylor R, Hwang U. Novel algorithms & blood‐based biomarkers: Dementia detection and care transitions for persons living with dementia in the emergency department. Alzheimer's & Dementia 2025, 21: e70287. PMID: 40390207, PMCID: PMC12089069, DOI: 10.1002/alz.70287.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health recordsGeriatric emergency departmentCare partnersEmergency departmentImprove careLeveraging electronic health recordsRisk of dementiaHigh emergency departmentRisk stratification algorithmCare transitionsCoordinated careED environmentDeliver careED settingHealth recordsDementia detectionHealthcare systemHigh acuityCareOutpatient settingStratification algorithmDementiaEmergency cliniciansBlood-based biomarkersPLWDPredicting Agitation Events in the Emergency Department Through Artificial Intelligence
Wong A, Sapre A, Wang K, Nath B, Shah D, Kumar A, Faustino I, Desai R, Hu Y, Robinson L, Meng C, Tong G, Bernstein S, Yonkers K, Melnick E, Dziura J, Taylor R. Predicting Agitation Events in the Emergency Department Through Artificial Intelligence. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e258927. PMID: 40332935, PMCID: PMC12059975, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.8927.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsED visitsEmergency departmentAgitation eventsElectronic health record dataArea under the receiver operating characteristic curvePatient-centered careHealth service utilizationPrimary outcomeHealth record dataUrban health systemED visit dataMode of arrivalPrevention of agitationOutcome of agitationDiverse patient populationsRestraint ordersCross-sectional cohortService utilizationVital signsED sitesHealth systemMain OutcomesRestraint eventsRange of predicted probabilitiesVisit dataAutomated computation of the HEART score with the GPT-4 large language model
Wright D, Socrates V, Huang T, Safranek C, Sangal R, Dilip M, Boivin Z, Srica N, Wright C, Feher A, Miller E, Chartash D, Taylor R. Automated computation of the HEART score with the GPT-4 large language model. The American Journal Of Emergency Medicine 2025, 93: 120-125. PMID: 40184662, PMCID: PMC12202168, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2025.03.065.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical decision supportHEART scoreChest pain observation unitAverage heart scoreCohen's weighted kappaDecision supportNurse practitionersPhysician assistantsRetrospective cohort studyRoutine careCases of disagreementProspective InvestigationAPP scoresCohort studySafety interventionsPhysician judgmentObservation unitAdverse cardiac eventsInstitutional registryScoresPhysiciansInterventionParticipantsNo significant differenceAppsAdaptive decision support for addiction treatment to implement initiation of buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in the emergency department: protocol for the ADAPT Multiphase Optimization Strategy trial
Iscoe M, Hooper C, Levy D, Buchanan L, Dziura J, Meeker D, Taylor R, D’Onofrio G, Oladele C, Sarpong D, Paek H, Wilson F, Heagerty P, Delgado M, Hoppe J, Melnick E. Adaptive decision support for addiction treatment to implement initiation of buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in the emergency department: protocol for the ADAPT Multiphase Optimization Strategy trial. BMJ Open 2025, 15: e098072. PMID: 39979056, PMCID: PMC11842997, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-098072.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical decision supportMultiphase optimization strategyOpioid use disorderEmergency departmentInitiation of buprenorphineClinical decision support usePlan-Do-Study-Act cyclesLearning health system approachPlan-Do-Study-ActClinical decision support toolHealth system approachAdaptive decision supportUse disorderDecision supportAddiction treatmentPeer-reviewed journalsBuprenorphine initiationOpioid use disorder treatment initiationOpioid-related mortalityIntervention componentsED settingClinician feedbackInstitute Institutional Review BoardTreatment of opioid use disorderParticipating sites
2024
Trends and Disparities in Initiation of Buprenorphine in US Emergency Departments, 2013-2022
Chhabra N, Smith D, Dickinson G, Caglianone L, Taylor R, D’Onofrio G, Karnik N. Trends and Disparities in Initiation of Buprenorphine in US Emergency Departments, 2013-2022. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2435603. PMID: 39325455, PMCID: PMC11428009, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.35603.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBalancing act: the complex role of artificial intelligence in addressing burnout and healthcare workforce dynamics
Pavuluri S, Sangal R, Sather J, Taylor R. Balancing act: the complex role of artificial intelligence in addressing burnout and healthcare workforce dynamics. BMJ Health & Care Informatics 2024, 31: e101120. PMID: 39181545, PMCID: PMC11344516, DOI: 10.1136/bmjhci-2024-101120.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsQuality of patient careSustainability of health systemsComplexity of medical informationArtificial intelligenceWorkforce attritionHealth systemClinical skillsPatient careSense of purposeHealthcare workersHealthcareMedical informationWorkforce dynamicsMedical practiceProfessional attributesDigital scribeData management systemCognitive burdenBurnoutAdvanced data management systemsAI technologyAI potentialAutomated billingSignificant riskCaregiversSOFA score performs worse than age for predicting mortality in patients with COVID-19
Sherak R, Sajjadi H, Khimani N, Tolchin B, Jubanyik K, Taylor R, Schulz W, Mortazavi B, Haimovich A. SOFA score performs worse than age for predicting mortality in patients with COVID-19. PLOS ONE 2024, 19: e0301013. PMID: 38758942, PMCID: PMC11101117, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCrisis standards of careIn-hospital mortalityIntensive care unitAcademic health systemSequential Organ Failure Assessment scoreCohort of intensive care unitSequential Organ Failure AssessmentStandard of careLogistic regression modelsMortality predictionPredicting in-hospital mortalityHealth systemUnivariate logistic regression modelCrisis standardsDisease morbidityCOVID-19Geriatric End-of-Life Screening Tool Prediction of 6-Month Mortality in Older Patients
Haimovich A, Burke R, Nathanson L, Rubins D, Taylor R, Kross E, Ouchi K, Shapiro N, Schonberg M. Geriatric End-of-Life Screening Tool Prediction of 6-Month Mortality in Older Patients. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2414213. PMID: 38819823, PMCID: PMC11143461, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14213.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health recordsEmergency departmentObserved mortality rateED encountersEnd-of-Life Screening ToolOlder adultsEnd-of-life preferencesMortality riskIllness criteriaLife-limiting illnessOptimal screening criteriaDays of ED arrivalEHR-based algorithmTertiary care EDLow risk of mortalityHigher mortality riskMortality rateRisk of mortalityHealth recordsReceiver operating characteristic curveIllness diagnosisMain OutcomesED arrivalSerious illnessDemographic subgroupsReal-Time Electronic Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients
Turer R, McDonald S, Lehmann C, Thakur B, Dutta S, Taylor R, Rose C, Frisch A, Feterik K, Norquist C, Baker C, Nielson J, Cha D, Kwan B, Dameff C, Killeen J, Hall M, Doerning R, Rosenbloom S, Distaso C, Steitz B. Real-Time Electronic Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e249831. PMID: 38700859, PMCID: PMC11069088, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9831.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsViewing test resultsPatient portalsEmergency departmentED patientsClinical notesPortal usePortal accessProportion of ED patientsActive portal accountPatient portal accessPatient portal useUnique patient encountersCross-sectional studyPooled random effects modelEvaluate temporal trendsRandom-effects modelPortal accountHealth systemED visitsED encountersPatient encountersPortal usageTraining patientsMain OutcomesED arrivalThe Scope of Multimorbidity in Family Medicine: Identifying Age Patterns Across the Lifespan
Chartash D, Gilson A, Taylor R, Hart L. The Scope of Multimorbidity in Family Medicine: Identifying Age Patterns Across the Lifespan. The Journal Of The American Board Of Family Medicine 2024, 37: 251-260. PMID: 38740476, DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230221r1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRates of multimorbidityICD-10 diagnostic codesFamily medicine clinicPresence of multimorbidityHealth care systemCardiometabolic disordersMedical historyStudy periodMultimorbidity rateMultimorbidity indexGroup of diagnosesPatient transitionsFamily medicineGeriatric careRetrospective cohort studyCare systemMental healthMultimorbidityMedicine clinicDiagnostic codesPractical resourcesAlcohol use disorderCohort studyAged 0Age groupsFormative evaluation of an emergency department clinical decision support system for agitation symptoms: a study protocol
Wong A, Nath B, Shah D, Kumar A, Brinker M, Faustino I, Boyce M, Dziura J, Heckmann R, Yonkers K, Bernstein S, Adapa K, Taylor R, Ovchinnikova P, McCall T, Melnick E. Formative evaluation of an emergency department clinical decision support system for agitation symptoms: a study protocol. BMJ Open 2024, 14: e082834. PMID: 38373857, PMCID: PMC10882402, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082834.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsComputerised clinical decision supportED treatRestraint useExperiences of restraint useMental health-related visitsEmergency departmentPrevent agitationSystems-related factorsImprove patient experienceClinical decision support systemsRegional health systemClinical decision supportDe-escalation techniquesRandomised controlled trialsFormative evaluationPeer-reviewed journalsBest-practice guidanceAt-risk populationsCDS toolsThematic saturationED cliniciansPatient experienceED sitesHealth systemED physicians
2023
Dementia risk analysis using temporal event modeling on a large real-world dataset
Taylor R, Gilson A, Chi L, Haimovich A, Crawford A, Brandt C, Magidson P, Lai J, Levin S, Mecca A, Hwang U. Dementia risk analysis using temporal event modeling on a large real-world dataset. Scientific Reports 2023, 13: 22618. PMID: 38114545, PMCID: PMC10730574, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49330-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdoption of Emergency Department–Initiated Buprenorphine for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder
Gao E, Melnick E, Paek H, Nath B, Taylor R, Loza A. Adoption of Emergency Department–Initiated Buprenorphine for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder. JAMA Network Open 2023, 6: e2342786. PMID: 37948075, PMCID: PMC10638655, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.42786.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth care systemED initiationOpioid use disorderBuprenorphine initiationCare systemUse disordersEmergency Department-Initiated BuprenorphineSecondary analysisClinician's roleEmergency department initiationClinical decision support interventionClinical decision support toolProportional hazard modelingCare of patientsNetwork of cliniciansDecision support interventionsAdvanced practice practitionersDose-dependent mannerUnique cliniciansTime-dependent covariatesTrial interventionNonintervention groupED clustersMore effective interventionsNumber of exposuresComputational phenotypes for patients with opioid-related disorders presenting to the emergency department
Taylor R, Gilson A, Schulz W, Lopez K, Young P, Pandya S, Coppi A, Chartash D, Fiellin D, D’Onofrio G. Computational phenotypes for patients with opioid-related disorders presenting to the emergency department. PLOS ONE 2023, 18: e0291572. PMID: 37713393, PMCID: PMC10503758, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291572.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubstance use disordersUse disordersED visitsPatient presentationCarlson comorbidity indexOpioid-related diagnosesOpioid-related disordersOne-year survivalRate of medicationOpioid use disorderElectronic health record dataPatient-oriented outcomesYears of ageHealth record dataChronic substance use disordersED returnComorbidity indexAcute overdoseMedical managementClinical entityRetrospective studyEmergency departmentChronic conditionsInclusion criteriaUnique cohortDisparities Associated With Electronic Behavioral Alerts for Safety and Violence Concerns in the Emergency Department
Haimovich A, Taylor R, Chang-Sing E, Brashear T, Cramer L, Lopez K, Wong A. Disparities Associated With Electronic Behavioral Alerts for Safety and Violence Concerns in the Emergency Department. Annals Of Emergency Medicine 2023, 83: 100-107. PMID: 37269262, PMCID: PMC10689576, DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2023.04.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth care systemEmergency departmentPatient-level analysisCare systemED visitsLeft-without-being-seenNegative perceptions of patientsElectronic health record dataUnited States health care systemRegional health care systemStates health care systemDiscontinuity of careHealth record dataElectronic health recordsBlack non-Hispanic patientsPerceptions of patientsBlack non-HispanicRetrospective cross-sectional study of adult patientsAdult emergency departmentNon-Hispanic patientsCross-sectional study of adult patientsMixed-effects regression analysisStudy periodRetrospective cross-sectional studyCare deliveryPredicting relations between SOAP note sections: The value of incorporating a clinical information model
Socrates V, Gilson A, Lopez K, Chi L, Taylor R, Chartash D. Predicting relations between SOAP note sections: The value of incorporating a clinical information model. Journal Of Biomedical Informatics 2023, 141: 104360. PMID: 37061014, PMCID: PMC10197152, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104360.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchClinical criteria to exclude acute vascular pathology on CT angiogram in patients with dizziness
Tu L, Malhotra A, Venkatesh A, Taylor R, Sheth K, Yaesoubi R, Forman H, Sureshanand S, Navaratnam D. Clinical criteria to exclude acute vascular pathology on CT angiogram in patients with dizziness. PLOS ONE 2023, 18: e0280752. PMID: 36893103, PMCID: PMC9997874, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280752.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute vascular pathologyEmergency departmentVascular pathologyNegative predictive valueDizzy patientsStroke codeCTA headPredictive valueAdult ED encountersTransient ischemic attackHalf of patientsLong-term smokersLarge vessel occlusionCoronary artery diseasePast medical historySeparate validation cohortCross-sectional analysisIschemic attackAnalysis cohortArterial dissectionArtery diseaseClinical factorsED encountersMedication useChief complaintAutomatable end‐of‐life screening for older adults in the emergency department using electronic health records
Haimovich A, Xu W, Wei A, Schonberg M, Hwang U, Taylor R. Automatable end‐of‐life screening for older adults in the emergency department using electronic health records. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society 2023, 71: 1829-1839. PMID: 36744550, PMCID: PMC10258151, DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18262.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdvance care planningDecision curve analysisLife screeningComorbidity indexCode statusPrognostic modelHealth systemOlder adultsCurve analysisOlder ED patientsPalliative care interventionsObservational cohort studyEmergency department visitsPalliative care servicesElixhauser Comorbidity IndexReceiver-operating characteristic curveIdentification of patientsMultivariable logistic regressionLarge regional health systemLife-limiting illnessRisk older adultsCode status ordersLife Screening ToolMortality predictive modelsElectronic health records
2021
Machine Learning in Emergency Medicine: Keys to Future Success
Taylor RA, Haimovich AD. Machine Learning in Emergency Medicine: Keys to Future Success. Academic Emergency Medicine 2021, 28: 263-267. PMID: 33277733, DOI: 10.1111/acem.14189.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
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