Featured Publications
EM reconstruction algorithms for emission and transmission tomography.
Lange K, Carson R. EM reconstruction algorithms for emission and transmission tomography. Journal Of Computer Assisted Tomography 1984, 8: 306-16. PMID: 6608535.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEM algorithmGood physical modelTransmission image reconstructionTransmission tomographyMaximum likelihood estimatesAlgebraic schemeRelevant physical featuresNon-negativity constraintsGlobal convergenceIterative techniquePoisson natureLikelihood estimatesParameter estimatesCounting noiseMaximum likelihoodDetector geometryPhysical modelAccurate incorporationEM reconstruction algorithmPhysical featuresSpecific algorithmsImage reconstructionAlgorithmReconstruction algorithmActual reconstructionImaging synaptic density in the living human brain
Finnema SJ, Nabulsi NB, Eid T, Detyniecki K, Lin SF, Chen MK, Dhaher R, Matuskey D, Baum E, Holden D, Spencer DD, Mercier J, Hannestad J, Huang Y, Carson RE. Imaging synaptic density in the living human brain. Science Translational Medicine 2016, 8: 348ra96. PMID: 27440727, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf6667.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSynaptic densityPositron emission tomographyPET imagingSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2ATemporal lobe epilepsyNumerous brain disordersCentral nervous systemNumber of synapsesJ PET imagingHuman brainHuman PET studiesPredominant neuronsSurgical resectionSynaptic lossLobe epilepsyPsychiatric disordersNervous systemBrain disordersPresynaptic boutonsAlzheimer's diseaseBrain tissueEmission tomographyNeuron contactsTherapeutic monitoringPET studiesConsensus Nomenclature for in vivo Imaging of Reversibly Binding Radioligands
Innis RB, Cunningham VJ, Delforge J, Fujita M, Gjedde A, Gunn RN, Holden J, Houle S, Huang SC, Ichise M, Iida H, Ito H, Kimura Y, Koeppe RA, Knudsen GM, Knuuti J, Lammertsma AA, Laruelle M, Logan J, Maguire RP, Mintun MA, Morris ED, Parsey R, Price JC, Slifstein M, Sossi V, Suhara T, Votaw JR, Wong DF, Carson RE. Consensus Nomenclature for in vivo Imaging of Reversibly Binding Radioligands. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 2007, 27: 1533-1539. PMID: 17519979, DOI: 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600493.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFirst-in-Human Evaluation of 18F-SynVesT-1, a Radioligand for PET Imaging of Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A
Naganawa M, Li S, Nabulsi N, Henry S, Zheng MQ, Pracitto R, Cai Z, Gao H, Kapinos M, Labaree D, Matuskey D, Huang Y, Carson RE. First-in-Human Evaluation of 18F-SynVesT-1, a Radioligand for PET Imaging of Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A. Journal Of Nuclear Medicine 2020, 62: 561-567. PMID: 32859701, PMCID: PMC8049363, DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.249144.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsC-UCBSynaptic densityRegional time-activity curvesTime-activity curvesDistribution volumeMetabolite-corrected arterial input functionPET imagingMultilinear analysis 1Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2AAntiepileptic drug levetiracetamTotal distribution volumeNondisplaceable distribution volumeCentrum semiovaleBlocking doseHealthy volunteersHuman studiesDrug levetiracetamLassen plotNeuropsychiatric disordersPET radioligandArterial input functionNonhuman primatesLevetiracetamReference regionRadioligandAssessing Synaptic Density in Alzheimer Disease With Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging
Chen MK, Mecca AP, Naganawa M, Finnema SJ, Toyonaga T, Lin SF, Najafzadeh S, Ropchan J, Lu Y, McDonald JW, Michalak HR, Nabulsi NB, Arnsten AFT, Huang Y, Carson RE, van Dyck CH. Assessing Synaptic Density in Alzheimer Disease With Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging. JAMA Neurology 2018, 75: 1215-1224. PMID: 30014145, PMCID: PMC6233853, DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.1836.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPositron emission tomographic imagingSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2ASynaptic densityAlzheimer's diseaseEmission tomographic imagingHigh-resolution PET scanningPET scanningCognitive impairmentDisease-modifying therapiesDisease-modifying treatmentsNormal participantsCross-sectional studyPittsburgh compound BMajor structural correlateAmnestic mild cognitive impairmentMagnetic resonance imagingMild cognitive impairmentJ PET imagingRestoration of synapsesSpecific bindingNeurologic evaluationSynaptic lossDisease stagePostmortem studiesOutcome measuresReduced synaptic vesicle protein 2A binding in temporal lobe epilepsy: A [11C]UCB‐J positron emission tomography study
Finnema SJ, Toyonaga T, Detyniecki K, Chen M, Dias M, Wang Q, Lin S, Naganawa M, Gallezot J, Lu Y, Nabulsi NB, Huang Y, Spencer DD, Carson RE. Reduced synaptic vesicle protein 2A binding in temporal lobe epilepsy: A [11C]UCB‐J positron emission tomography study. Epilepsia 2020, 61: 2183-2193. PMID: 32944949, DOI: 10.1111/epi.16653.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedial temporal lobe sclerosisTemporal lobe epilepsyTLE subjectsPositron emission tomographyLobe epilepsyJ BPSynaptic vesicle protein 2APartial volume correctionTemporal lobe sclerosisPositron emission tomography studyEmission tomography studiesSeizure onset zonePromising biomarker approachJ bindingPresurgical selectionSclerotic hippocampusHippocampal asymmetryTLE patientsRegional binding patternsControl subjectsCentrum semiovaleContralateral regionsEpilepsy patientsOutcome measuresOnset zoneLower synaptic density is associated with depression severity and network alterations
Holmes SE, Scheinost D, Finnema SJ, Naganawa M, Davis MT, DellaGioia N, Nabulsi N, Matuskey D, Angarita GA, Pietrzak RH, Duman RS, Sanacora G, Krystal JH, Carson RE, Esterlis I. Lower synaptic density is associated with depression severity and network alterations. Nature Communications 2019, 10: 1529. PMID: 30948709, PMCID: PMC6449365, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09562-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMajor depressive disorderPost-traumatic stress disorderLower synaptic densitySynaptic densityPositron emission tomographyFunctional connectivityNetwork alterationsSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2ASymptoms of depressionSynaptic lossDepressive disorderHealthy controlsNerve terminalsDepressive symptomsDepression severityUnmedicated individualsSynaptic connectionsEmission tomographyStress disorderVivo evidenceSymptomsDepressionSeverityDisordersAlterationsNoise Reduction in the Simplified Reference Tissue Model for Neuroreceptor Functional Imaging
Wu Y, Carson RE. Noise Reduction in the Simplified Reference Tissue Model for Neuroreceptor Functional Imaging. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 2002, 22: 1440-1452. PMID: 12468889, DOI: 10.1097/01.wcb.0000033967.83623.34.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchComparison of Bolus and Infusion Methods for Receptor Quantitation: Application to [18F]Cyclofoxy and Positron Emission Tomography
Carson R, Channing M, Blasberg R, Dunn B, Cohen R, Rice K, Herscovitch P. Comparison of Bolus and Infusion Methods for Receptor Quantitation: Application to [18F]Cyclofoxy and Positron Emission Tomography. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 1993, 13: 24-42. PMID: 8380178, DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.1993.6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchQuantification of Amphetamine-Induced Changes in [11C] Raclopride Binding with Continuous Infusion
Carson R, Breier* A, de Bartolomeis* A, Saunders† R, Su* T, Schmall B, Der M, Pickar* D, Eckelman W. Quantification of Amphetamine-Induced Changes in [11C] Raclopride Binding with Continuous Infusion. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 1997, 17: 437-447. PMID: 9143226, DOI: 10.1097/00004647-199704000-00009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPerformance Characteristics of the NeuroEXPLORER, a Next-Generation Human Brain PET/CT Imager
Li H, Badawi R, Cherry S, Fontaine K, He L, Henry S, Hillmer A, Hu L, Khattar N, Leung E, Li T, Li Y, Liu C, Liu P, Lu Z, Majewski S, Matuskey D, Morris E, Mulnix T, Omidvari N, Samanta S, Selfridge A, Sun X, Toyonaga T, Volpi T, Zeng T, Jones T, Qi J, Carson R. Performance Characteristics of the NeuroEXPLORER, a Next-Generation Human Brain PET/CT Imager. Journal Of Nuclear Medicine 2024, 65: jnumed.124.267767. PMID: 38871391, PMCID: PMC11294061, DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.267767.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPeak noise-equivalent count rateNoise-equivalent count rateTime-of-flight resolutionField of viewCount rateExtended axial field-of-viewTransverse field-of-viewAxial field-of-viewField-of-view centerMini-Derenzo phantomSpatial resolutionTangential spatial resolutionsCount rate performanceContrast recovery coefficientHuman brain PET imagingMeasurements of spatial resolutionNEMA sensitivityEnergy resolutionScatter fractionBrain phantomBackprojection reconstructionBrain PET imagingTime resolutionRadial offsetF-FDG imaging
2024
Quantitative Accuracy Assessment of the NeuroEXPLORER for Diverse Imaging Applications: Moving Beyond Standard Evaluations.
Omidvari N, Shanina E, Leung E, Sun X, Li Y, Mulnix T, Gravel P, Henry S, Matuskey D, Volpi T, Jones T, Badawi R, Li H, Carson R, Qi J, Cherry S. Quantitative Accuracy Assessment of the NeuroEXPLORER for Diverse Imaging Applications: Moving Beyond Standard Evaluations. Journal Of Nuclear Medicine 2024, jnumed.124.268309. PMID: 39638433, DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.268309.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchContrast recovery coefficientHoffman phantomUniform phantomIQ phantomRecovery coefficientBrain PET systemHoffman brain phantomBrain uptakeSpatial resolutionDiverse imaging applicationsCylindrical phantomPET systemBrain phantomNeuroimaging studiesImage qualityImaging conditionsPhantomReconstruction parametersImaging time pointsTime pointsImage-derived input functionHigher spatial resolutionQuantitative accuracyDelayed time pointsBrain disordersAn in vivo examination of the relationship between metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 and suicide attempts in people with borderline personality disorder
Davis M, Asch R, Weiss E, Wagner A, Fineberg S, Nabulsi N, Matuskey D, Carson R, Esterlis I. An in vivo examination of the relationship between metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 and suicide attempts in people with borderline personality disorder. Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience And Neuroimaging 2024 PMID: 39613160, DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.11.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBorderline personality disorderPathophysiology of borderline personality disorderSuicide attemptsPersonality disorderPositron emission tomographyAssociated with history of suicide attemptBorderline personality disorder symptomsBPD pathophysiologyPositron emission tomography outcomes measurementsHistory of suicide attemptsMetabotropic glutamate receptor type 5Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5Glutamate receptor 5Comprehensive clinical assessmentFrontolimbic circuitsMDD groupDepressive disorderEmotion regulationPsychiatric conditionsCognitive functionMGlu5Comparison controlsMDDSuicideAssociated with historyNoise-aware dynamic image denoising and positron range correction for Rubidium-82 cardiac PET imaging via self-supervision
Xie H, Guo L, Velo A, Liu Z, Liu Q, Guo X, Zhou B, Chen X, Tsai Y, Miao T, Xia M, Liu Y, Armstrong I, Wang G, Carson R, Sinusas A, Liu C. Noise-aware dynamic image denoising and positron range correction for Rubidium-82 cardiac PET imaging via self-supervision. Medical Image Analysis 2024, 100: 103391. PMID: 39579623, PMCID: PMC11647511, DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103391.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchImage denoisingPositron range correctionDynamic framesSelf-supervised methodsSuperior visual qualityLow signal-to-noise ratioCardiac PET imagingDenoising methodSignal-to-noise ratioSelf-supervisionVisual qualityHigh-energy positronsRange correctionsDenoisingNoise levelImage spatial resolutionImage qualityDefect contrastPET imagingImage quantificationRadioactive isotopesPatient scansQuantitative accuracyImagesFrameVitamin D’s Capacity to Increase Amphetamine-Induced Dopamine Release in Healthy Humans: A Clinical Translational [11C]-PHNO Positron Emission Tomography Study
Worhunsky P, Mignosa M, Gallezot J, Pittman B, Nabulsi N, Stryjewski A, Jalilian-Khave L, Trinko R, DiLeone R, Carson R, Malison R, Potenza M, Angarita G. Vitamin D’s Capacity to Increase Amphetamine-Induced Dopamine Release in Healthy Humans: A Clinical Translational [11C]-PHNO Positron Emission Tomography Study. Biological Psychiatry 2024 PMID: 39395473, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.09.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVentral striatumEffects of medicationDorsal caudateDopamine releaseDorsal putamenDopaminergic tonePlacebo-controlled within-subject studyIncreased amphetamine-induced dopamine releaseAmphetamine-induced dopamine releaseAmphetamine-stimulated dopamine releaseSubstantia nigraDysregulated dopamine functionPositron emission tomography studiesTreatment of ADHDEmission tomography studiesWithin-subject studyPost-amphetamineD2/3 receptorsDopamine functionTransdiagnostic relevanceVitamin DPhasic releaseGlobus pallidusStriatumTyrosine hydroxylase11C-UCB-J PET imaging is consistent with lower synaptic density in autistic adults
Matuskey D, Yang Y, Naganawa M, Koohsari S, Toyonaga T, Gravel P, Pittman B, Torres K, Pisani L, Finn C, Cramer-Benjamin S, Herman N, Rosenthal L, Franke C, Walicki B, Esterlis I, Skosnik P, Radhakrishnan R, Wolf J, Nabulsi N, Ropchan J, Huang Y, Carson R, Naples A, McPartland J. 11C-UCB-J PET imaging is consistent with lower synaptic density in autistic adults. Molecular Psychiatry 2024, 1-7. PMID: 39367053, DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02776-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPositron emission tomographySynaptic densityAutistic adultsBrain regionsAutistic featuresClinical phenotype of autismNon-autistic participantsPhenotype of autismNon-autistic individualsRelationship to clinical characteristicsSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2AAssociated with clinical measuresPost-mortem studiesPositron emission tomography scanPrefrontal cortexClinician ratingsAutism groupNeural basisBrain areasNeural processesBetween-group differencesVolumetric differencesBinding potentialDensity of synapsesAutismValidation of a Simplified Tissue-to-Reference Ratio Measurement Using SUVR to Assess Synaptic Density Alterations in Alzheimer Disease with [11C]UCB-J PET
Young J, O’Dell R, Naganawa M, Toyonaga T, Chen M, Nabulsi N, Huang Y, Cooper E, Miller A, Lam J, Bates K, Ruan A, Nelsen K, Salardini E, Carson R, van Dyck C, Mecca A. Validation of a Simplified Tissue-to-Reference Ratio Measurement Using SUVR to Assess Synaptic Density Alterations in Alzheimer Disease with [11C]UCB-J PET. Journal Of Nuclear Medicine 2024, 65: jnumed.124.267419. PMID: 39299782, PMCID: PMC11533916, DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.267419.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDistribution volume ratioSUV ratioSynaptic densityEffect sizeAlzheimer's diseaseLongitudinal study of Alzheimer's diseaseMethods:</b> ParticipantsLongitudinal studyMeasure synaptic densityAD participantsStudy of Alzheimer's diseaseNormal cognitionReference regionOlder adultsMulticenterDensity alterationsClinical correlates of dopamine transporter availability in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies with [18F]FE-PE2I PET: independent validation with new insights
Honhar P, Sadabad F, Tinaz S, Gallezot J, Dias M, Naganawa M, Yang Y, Henry S, Hillmer A, Gao H, Najafzadeh S, Comley R, Nabulsi N, Huang Y, Finnema S, Carson R, Matuskey D. Clinical correlates of dopamine transporter availability in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies with [18F]FE-PE2I PET: independent validation with new insights. Brain Communications 2024, 6: fcae345. PMID: 39429243, PMCID: PMC11487911, DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae345.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDAT availabilityMotor severitySubstantia nigraDopamine transporter availabilityClinical trials of Parkinson's diseaseParkinson's diseaseLongitudinal studyTracking longitudinal changesClinical correlatesVentral striatumTransporter availabilityNigrostriatal regionParkinson's disease patientsPutamenMotor severity scoresAssociated with increasesSubstantiaDATLongitudinal changesTremor scoreNegative associationNigraSubstantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patientsTremor severityPET biomarkersMicroglia-mediated neuroimmune suppression in PTSD is associated with anhedonia
Bonomi R, Hillmer A, Woodcock E, Bhatt S, Rusowicz A, Angarita G, Carson R, Davis M, Esterlis I, Nabulsi N, Huang Y, Krystal J, Pietrzak R, Cosgrove K. Microglia-mediated neuroimmune suppression in PTSD is associated with anhedonia. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2024, 121: e2406005121. PMID: 39172786, PMCID: PMC11363315, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406005121.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPTSD groupPrefrontal-limbic circuitsNeuroimmune responseAssociated with anhedoniaPosttraumatic stress disorderPositron emission tomography brain imagingTranslocator protein availabilityBrain immune functionAnhedonic symptomsStress disorderPeripheral immune dysfunctionPTSDGroup differencesSeverity of symptomsPsychiatric diseasesTranslocator proteinBrain imagingAdministration of lipopolysaccharideSymptomsMicroglial markersLPS-induced increaseCompared to controlsImmune functionSickness symptomsAnhedoniaNoninvasive quantification of [18F]SynVesT-1 binding using simplified reference tissue model 2
Naganawa M, Gallezot J, Li S, Nabulsi N, Henry S, Cai Z, Matuskey D, Huang Y, Carson R. Noninvasive quantification of [18F]SynVesT-1 binding using simplified reference tissue model 2. European Journal Of Nuclear Medicine And Molecular Imaging 2024, 52: 113-121. PMID: 39155309, DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06885-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPositron emission tomographyCentrum semiovaleReference regionPositron emission tomography scanTest-retest variabilityTest-retest reproducibilitySynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2AOne-tissue compartmentArterial blood samplesRetest scansGold standardBrain uptakeEmission tomographyBlood samplesCerebellumNoninvasive quantificationSRTM2ConclusionOur findingsPopulation averageHealthy participantsMetabolite analysisScan timeBPNDSemiovale