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2007\"},{\"organization\":\"North American Drosophila Board of Directors\",\"boardName\":null,\"role\":\"President\",\"date\":\"2004 - 2005\"},{\"organization\":\"Donaghue Women's Health Investigator Program\",\"boardName\":null,\"role\":\"Scientific Review Committee\",\"date\":\"2002 - Present\"},{\"organization\":\"Yale University\",\"boardName\":null,\"role\":\"Director, Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences\",\"date\":\"2001 - 2014\"}],\"activities\":[]},\"researchTab\":{\"research\":{\"description\":\"Gametes are the ultimate stem cells with the capacity to produce entire\\nnew organisms. We study cellular mechanisms of gamete development using\\nDrosophila as a model system. We are focused on the development of\\nfemale germline cells, from their early differentiation into oocytes or\\nnurse cells, through the control of oocyte growth during oogenesis. In\\naddition, we study the role of ovarian muscles in the progression of\\ndeveloping egg chambers through the ovary.\\n

Early germline development in animals, including flies, relies on a\\nnon-canonical form of mitosis. Daughters of germline stem cells undergo\\na tightly controlled number of mitotic cell divisions with incomplete\\ncytokinesis so that bridges of cytoplasm remain to connect clusters of\\nsister cells. These residual connections are transformed into stable\\nintercellular junctions called ring canals, which are needed for oocyte\\ngrowth.

In females, this transformation involves recruiting a highly\\ndynamic actin cytoskeleton and many associated actin-binding proteins.\\nUsing a variety of genetic and molecular approaches, we have identified\\nmany ring canal proteins, and we are actively working toward\\ncharacterizing their functions. We are also studying the role of ring\\ncanals in the polarized transport of maternal mRNAs, proteins and\\norganelles from nurse cells and to the oocyte.

While ring canals are ubiquitous in germline\\ncells, their presence and function in somatic cells are largely\\nunexplored. In order to understand how these fascinating structures\\ncontribute to the biology of non-germline cells, we are characterizing\\nsomatic ring canals in epithelial cells of the Drosophila ovary and\\nimaginal discs using cell biology and genetics.\\n

Recently we discovered a novel muscle type in the\\nDrosophila ovary that contains striated sarcomeres, but only a single\\nnucleus. This indicates the muscles did not form by typical myoblast\\nfusion. Importantly, the presence of one nucleus means we can use\\npowerful genetic clonal analysis to analyze the effects of mutations\\naffecting muscle proteins, including those associated with human\\nmusclular dystrophy. In addition, we can study proliferation of these\\nmuscles in adults and the pool of progenitor stem cells that supply new\\nmuscle cells in adults.\",\"summary\":\"

We are interested in the cellular mechanisms that underlie polarity and cell growth during development. Our research is focused on understanding how maternal components are made and delivered to oocytes during Drosophila oogenesis. Using mutants with incomplete oocyte growth, we have discovered key roles for the actin cytoskeleton. For example, the ring canals connecting growing oocytes with their nurse cells are stabilized by a special population of bundled actin filaments.

The dramatic growth of ring canals during oogenesis requires both actin polymerization and depolymerization, making ring canals a valuable model for in vivo actin dynamics. The polarized movement of maternal mRNA and protein through ring canals from nurse cells to the oocyte is highly regulated. We identified proteins specifically targeted to the oocyte by GFP protein trapping; we are determining the mechanism of targeting using both live imaging and molecular dissection of the proteins to identify localization signals.

Specialized Terms: Molecular Genetics of Drosophila Oogenesis; Actin Cytoskeleton Regulation; Drosophila; Oogenesis; Ring Canal; Ovarian Muscle Function

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Lynn Cooley, dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; and Sten Vermund, dean of the Yale School of Public Health discussed how their respective schools have worked across disciplines to advance knowledge and understanding.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/8604ebc3-01f6-431e-8e4f-35602c1a8d3f\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":1022,\"height\":594,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/32eb459f-60f9-4f8a-8af0-d76de3d4fa68\",\"width\":594,\"height\":594},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/39bf03e3-1969-4984-8630-fb4b68d9d0f9\",\"width\":790,\"height\":542}]},\"url\":\"/ysm/news-article/18759/\",\"isFeatured\":false},{\"id\":\"16387\",\"bylineDate\":\"2017-12-05T05:00:00-05:00\",\"title\":\"Graduate Students Save Lives\",\"summary\":\"Lynn Cooley's essay on the importance of graduate students in research.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/3400e02c-e622-468d-8bf4-d8946c294712\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":3605,\"height\":5047,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/8bf085ad-3cec-41ea-83a9-5e0667543f65\",\"width\":3605,\"height\":3605},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/1fd9e849-0fdf-4eea-9295-bd09d71a1f89\",\"width\":3605,\"height\":2473}]},\"url\":\"http://genestogenomes.org/grad-students-save-lives/?utm_content=buffer562d2&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer\",\"isFeatured\":false},{\"id\":\"15844\",\"bylineDate\":\"2017-09-27T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"Yale GSAS Enhances Child Care\",\"summary\":\"Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences will offer graduate students with children enhanced financial support for child care and other family needs.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/91c7865c-a395-4f96-92f7-04cf2344783b\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":1600,\"height\":1200,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/870af281-5afc-4d4e-a9a3-621b9360058a\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":1200},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/10b87ab8-daa0-4982-9c14-fc7a4822e4f2\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":1097}]},\"url\":\"/ysm/news-article/15844/\",\"isFeatured\":false},{\"id\":\"14854\",\"bylineDate\":\"2017-04-19T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"March for Science, April 22, 2017\",\"summary\":\"Cooley Lab will be represented in Washington, DC this weekend as we March for Science.\\nIf you march in DC or in your local area (or virtually), send us photos!\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/4df17090-677c-4674-95a0-38f19640c61f\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":1801,\"height\":1200,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/540727e8-0b1d-4d92-9fae-54b591309d8c\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":1200},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/c3b78dc5-ae71-4b1f-a621-87ae718e9440\",\"width\":1748,\"height\":1200}]},\"url\":\"https://www.marchforscience.com/\",\"isFeatured\":false},{\"id\":\"14843\",\"bylineDate\":\"2017-04-18T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"A thesis in three minutes\",\"summary\":\"In Yale's first ever three-minute thesis competition, grad students and postdocs boiled down their research in presentations to a nonscientific audience.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/974c23f9-864b-4b6d-8bd0-226d48949e29\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":1024,\"height\":768,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/975e7e44-64aa-4ac2-be64-277386b03211\",\"width\":768,\"height\":768},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/e1d9534c-355a-4450-a32a-5ba5899b68f5\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":702}]},\"url\":\"/ysm/news-article/14843/\",\"isFeatured\":false},{\"id\":\"11319\",\"bylineDate\":\"2015-10-15T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"Lynn Cooley named vice president of Genetics Society of America\",\"summary\":\"Lynn Cooley, Ph.D., the C.N.H. 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