2025
Nasal biomarker testing to rule out viral respiratory infection and triage samples: a test performance study
Amat J, Dudgeon S, Cheemarla N, Watkins T, Green A, Young H, Peaper D, Landry M, Schulz W, Foxman E. Nasal biomarker testing to rule out viral respiratory infection and triage samples: a test performance study. EBioMedicine 2025, 117: 105820. PMID: 40543450, PMCID: PMC12216728, DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105820.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRespiratory virus infectionsHigh-risk settingsRespiratory infectionsRoutine screeningVirus infectionViral respiratory infectionsLow viral loadViral prevalenceGold standard testRespiratory virus diagnosisNasal biomarkersViral loadPractical screening testNasal mucosaRespiratory virusesHost biomarkersChemotherapeutic drugsVirus-positiveBiomarker testingNasopharyngeal samplesCXCL10Medical recordsScreening testElectronic medical recordsPCR panel
2023
Nasal host response-based screening for undiagnosed respiratory viruses: a pathogen surveillance and detection study
Cheemarla N, Hanron A, Fauver J, Bishai J, Watkins T, Brito A, Zhao D, Alpert T, Vogels C, Ko A, Schulz W, Landry M, Grubaugh N, van Dijk D, Foxman E. Nasal host response-based screening for undiagnosed respiratory viruses: a pathogen surveillance and detection study. The Lancet Microbe 2023, 4: e38-e46. PMID: 36586415, PMCID: PMC9835789, DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(22)00296-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRespiratory virus panelPg/mLCXCL10 concentrationsSARS-CoV-2Bacterial pathobiontsRespiratory virusesSARS-CoV-2 negative samplesViral respiratory infectionsSARS-CoV-2 positive samplesClinical virology laboratoryHealth care systemVirus-positive samplesQuantitative RT-PCRInfluenza C virusSymptomatic patientsRespiratory infectionsSeasonal coronavirusesNasopharyngeal swabsVirus panelC virusCommon virusesCXCL10Host responseInterferon responseVirology laboratory
2018
Regional Differences in Airway Epithelial Cells Reveal Tradeoff between Defense against Oxidative Stress and Defense against Rhinovirus
Mihaylova VT, Kong Y, Fedorova O, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS, Pyle AM, Iwasaki A, Foxman EF. Regional Differences in Airway Epithelial Cells Reveal Tradeoff between Defense against Oxidative Stress and Defense against Rhinovirus. Cell Reports 2018, 24: 3000-3007.e3. PMID: 30208323, PMCID: PMC6190718, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.033.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRIG-I stimulationAntiviral responseRhinovirus infectionBronchial airway epithelial cellsAcute respiratory infectionsEpithelial cellsRobust antiviral responseAirway epithelial cellsPrimary human nasalAirway damageRespiratory infectionsAirway microenvironmentAsthma attacksNasal mucosaLeading causeNrf2 knockdownNasal cellsNrf2 activationHuman nasalEpithelial defenseHost defenseBronchial cellsInfectionOxidative stressRhinovirus
2017
Antiviral Response in the Nasopharynx Identifies Patients With Respiratory Virus Infection
Landry ML, Foxman EF. Antiviral Response in the Nasopharynx Identifies Patients With Respiratory Virus Infection. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2017, 217: 897-905. PMID: 29281100, PMCID: PMC5853594, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix648.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRespiratory virusesNasopharyngeal swabsViral infectionCXCL10 protein levelsPatient nasopharyngeal swabsRespiratory virus infectionsHuman nasal epithelial cellsManagement of patientsRespiratory virus detectionNasal epithelial cellsSingle host proteinVirus detectionSimple diagnostic testIdentifies patientsRespiratory symptomsRespiratory infectionsRespiratory illnessHigh burdenVirus infectionReceptor RIGCost-effective testAntiviral responseAccurate diagnosisDiagnostic testsInfection
2016
Early local immune defences in the respiratory tract
Iwasaki A, Foxman EF, Molony RD. Early local immune defences in the respiratory tract. Nature Reviews Immunology 2016, 17: 7-20. PMID: 27890913, PMCID: PMC5480291, DOI: 10.1038/nri.2016.117.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRespiratory tractImmune responseDendritic cellsType 2 immune responsesType 1 immune responsePlasmacytoid dendritic cellsEpithelial cellsTissue-resident lymphocytesLower respiratory tractType of infectionUpper respiratory tractAirway epithelial cellsLocal immune defensePattern recognition receptorsAntimicrobial host defenseLymphoid cell typesCell typesRespiratory infectionsEffector cellsSecrete cytokinesAllergen resultsInnate sensorsMast cellsAirway cellsPathological inflammation
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