2025
Portal and Hepatic Vein Embolization versus Portal Venous Embolization Alone in Cirrhotic and Noncirrhotic Swine: A Pilot Study
Tefera J, Kuhn T, Matuschewski N, Meister E, Nguyenová J, Kao T, Mutonga M, Bitar R, Kahl V, Zhang X, Shewarega A, Chapiro J, Madoff D. Portal and Hepatic Vein Embolization versus Portal Venous Embolization Alone in Cirrhotic and Noncirrhotic Swine: A Pilot Study. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2025, 36: 1042-1050.e2. PMID: 40043833, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2025.02.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPost-embolizationCirrhotic groupPortal venous embolizationHepatic vein embolizationPortal venous phaseNon-cirrhotic groupStudent's t-testFLR hypertrophyFLR increaseVein embolizationVenous phaseEffects of PVELiver volumeCT scanVenous embolizationEmbolizationCirrhotic liverFour-week intervalsWeeksT-testFLRLiverPilot studyYorkshire pigsPVEComparison of prognostic accuracy of HCC staging systems in patients undergoing TACE
Kasolowsky V, Gross M, Madoff D, Duncan J, Taddei T, Strazzabosco M, Jaffe A, Chapiro J. Comparison of prognostic accuracy of HCC staging systems in patients undergoing TACE. Clinical Imaging 2025, 120: 110438. PMID: 40049074, PMCID: PMC11967406, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2025.110438.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOverall survival of patientsBCLC staging systemTransarterial chemoembolizationOverall survivalStaging systemHepatocellular carcinomaStaging systems of hepatocellular carcinomaHepatocellular carcinoma staging systemsRetrospective single center studyKaplan Meier survival analysisInternational Staging SystemSingle center studyLog-rank testTertiary care centerPredicting overall survivalMeier survival analysisConsecutive patientsPrognostic stratificationStudy endpointPrognostic accuracyCenter studyPrognostic powerStratify outcomesMultivariate analysisPatients
2024
Molecular MRI of T-cell immune response to cryoablation in immunologically hot vs. cold hepatocellular carcinoma
Santana J, Shewarega A, Nam D, Duncan J, Madoff D, Hyder F, Coman D, Chapiro J. Molecular MRI of T-cell immune response to cryoablation in immunologically hot vs. cold hepatocellular carcinoma. JHEP Reports 2024, 7: 101294. PMID: 40028344, PMCID: PMC11870164, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2024.101294.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchT cell infiltrationHepatocellular carcinomaRadiological-pathological correlationImaging mass cytometryImmune responseT1-weighted MRITumor-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytesAnti-tumor immune responseCD8+ T lymphocytesIncreased T lymphocyte infiltrationImaging biomarkersNon-immunogenic tumorsSystemic lymph nodesT lymphocyte infiltrationMurine tumor modelsImmune cell typesLocal tumor therapyPrimary liver cancerNon-invasive imaging biomarkerTesla MRI scannerInduce liver cirrhosisImmunogenic tumorsLocoregional therapySystemic immunotherapyHCC lesionsArtificial Intelligence–Driven Patient Selection for Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization for Patients with Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
Kuhn T, Engelhardt W, Kahl V, Alkukhun A, Gross M, Iseke S, Onofrey J, Covey A, Camacho J, Kawaguchi Y, Hasegawa K, Odisio B, Vauthey J, Antoch G, Chapiro J, Madoff D. Artificial Intelligence–Driven Patient Selection for Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization for Patients with Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2024, 36: 477-488. PMID: 39638087, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.11.025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTotal liver volumeMetastatic colorectal cancer patientsPreoperative portal vein embolizationColorectal cancer liver metastasesPortal vein embolizationCancer liver metastasesMulticenter retrospective studyColorectal cancer patientsStudent's t-testBoard-certified radiologistsVein embolizationConsecutive patientsLiver metastasesLiver volumePatient selectionRetrospective studyCancer patientsRadiomic featuresInclusion criteriaPatientsSemi-automatic segmentationLab valuesT-testSDAUCTumor response assessment in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immunotherapy: imaging biomarkers for clinical decision-making
Sobirey R, Matuschewski N, Gross M, Lin M, Kao T, Kasolowsky V, Strazzabosco M, Stein S, Savic L, Gebauer B, Jaffe A, Duncan J, Madoff D, Chapiro J. Tumor response assessment in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immunotherapy: imaging biomarkers for clinical decision-making. European Radiology 2024, 35: 73-83. PMID: 39033181, DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10955-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMedian overall survivalTumor response criteriaTumor response assessmentHepatocellular carcinoma patientsHepatocellular carcinomaTumor responseOverall survivalResponse criteriaResponse assessmentNon-respondersPoorer median overall survivalPrediction of tumor responsePredictive valueHepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapyDisease controlPrognostic of survivalClinical baseline parametersLog-rank testKaplan-Meier curvesMultivariate Cox regressionPredicting overall survivalCox regression modelsSurvival benefitStratify patientsMRI pre-Effect of Incomplete Cryoablation and Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition on Intratumoral CD8+ T-Cell Infiltration in Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Shewarega A, Santana J, Nam D, Berz A, Tefera J, Kahl V, Mishra S, Coman D, Duncan J, Roberts S, Wetter A, Madoff D, Chapiro J. Effect of Incomplete Cryoablation and Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition on Intratumoral CD8+ T-Cell Infiltration in Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Radiology 2024, 310: e232365. PMID: 38349244, PMCID: PMC10902598, DOI: 10.1148/radiol.232365.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT cell infiltrationCD8<sup>+</sup> T cellsMatrix metalloproteinase inhibitionT cellsHepatocellular carcinomaMatrix metalloproteinase inhibitorsMatrix metalloproteinasesResidual tumorCXCR3<sup>+</sup> CD8<sup>+</sup> T cellsCytotoxic CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltrationIntratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltrationCD8+ T cell infiltrationCD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltrationMouse model of hepatocellular carcinomaEarly-stage hepatocellular carcinomaImage-guided tumor ablationUnpaired Student's <i>t</i> testModel of hepatocellular carcinomaFirst-line therapyMurine hepatocellular carcinomaT cell subsetsTumor-associated macrophagesMurine HCC modelLocal immune responseFemale BALB/c miceAtezolizumab and bevacizumab in combination with TACE for patients with BCLC B HCC.
Stein S, Cheng W, Wiess C, Pollak J, Perez Lozada J, Chapiro J, Madoff D. Atezolizumab and bevacizumab in combination with TACE for patients with BCLC B HCC. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2024, 42: tps584-tps584. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2024.42.3_suppl.tps584.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRates of grade 3Grade 3Child-Pugh A cirrhosisBCLC-B HCCCombination of atezolizumabCurative intent therapyMain portal veinRisk of bleedingDiagnosis of HCCSignificant autoimmune diseaseSingle arm pilot studyB HCCECOG PSEffective regimenOpen-labelOverall survivalGastroesophageal varicesIntent therapyPredicted probabilityAutoimmune diseasesHepatic arteryPortal veinHepatic encephalopathyPatientsImprove outcomes
2023
Hepatic Hypertrophy in Normal and Cirrhotic Livers Following Portal Vein Embolization: Comparative Assessment of 2 Different Embolic Regimens in a Large Animal Model
Kuhn T, Kahl V, Wang Y, Berz A, Shewarega A, Santana J, Antoch G, Chapiro J, Schlachter T, Madoff D. Hepatic Hypertrophy in Normal and Cirrhotic Livers Following Portal Vein Embolization: Comparative Assessment of 2 Different Embolic Regimens in a Large Animal Model. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2023, 34: 2162-2172.e2. PMID: 37634850, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.08.024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPortal vein embolizationFuture liver remnantVein embolizationLiver remnantCirrhotic liverStandardized future liver remnantNon-cirrhotic groupImmune cell infiltrationNon-cirrhotic liverN-butyl cyanoacrylateT-testFemale Yorkshire pigsLarge animal modelLarge animal studiesStudent's t-testCirrhotic groupEmbolized lobeBaseline percentageHepatic hypertrophyCell infiltrationBaseline CTKi-67Preclinical studiesInstitutional Animal CareFLR increase
2022
Experimental VX2 Rabbit Liver Tumor Model in Carbon Tetrachloride–Induced Cirrhosis of the Liver
Santana J, Shewarega A, Nam D, Kahl V, Madoff D, Zhang X, Chapiro J. Experimental VX2 Rabbit Liver Tumor Model in Carbon Tetrachloride–Induced Cirrhosis of the Liver. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2022, 34: 404-408.e1. PMID: 36473611, PMCID: PMC11037556, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.11.026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLiver cirrhosisMale New Zealand white rabbitsRabbit liver tumor modelCirrhotic liver backgroundReproducible tumor growthVX2 liver cancerLeft hepatic lobeNew Zealand white rabbitsDuration of treatmentLiver tumor modelCross-sectional imagingVX2 rabbit liver tumor modelZealand white rabbitsHepatic lobeHistopathological evaluationMajor underlying factorHepatic tumorsIntragastric administrationHepatocellular carcinomaLiver tumorsLiver cancerCirrhosisUnmet needTumor growthVX2 tumorsMR Imaging–Based In Vivo Macrophage Imaging to Monitor Immune Response after Radiofrequency Ablation of the Liver
Santana J, Petukhova-Greenstein A, Gross M, Hyder F, Pekurovsky V, Gottwald L, Boustani A, Walsh J, Kucukkaya A, Malpani R, Madoff D, Goldberg S, Ahmed M, Joshi N, Coman D, Chapiro J. MR Imaging–Based In Vivo Macrophage Imaging to Monitor Immune Response after Radiofrequency Ablation of the Liver. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2022, 34: 395-403.e5. PMID: 36423815, PMCID: PMC11042914, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.11.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImmune responseT1-weighted MRPrussian blue stainingRadiofrequency ablationRF ablationC57BL/6 wild-type miceMR imagingDose-escalation studyLocal immune responseMass cytometryWild-type miceRadiological-pathological correlationBlue stainingT1-weighted MR imagingHepatic radiofrequency ablationCD68 antibodyUntreated lobeVivo doseHepatic RF ablationVivo macrophagesMacrophagesMiceMR imaging scannerCoagulation areaCD68Defining textbook outcome for selective internal radiation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: an international expert study
Gregory J, Tselikas L, Allimant C, de Baere T, Bargellini I, Bell J, Bilbao JI, Bouvier A, Chapiro J, Chiesa C, Decaens T, Denys A, Duran R, Edeline J, Garin E, Ghelfi J, Helmberger T, Irani F, Lam M, Lewandowski R, Liu D, Loffroy R, Madoff DC, Mastier C, Salem R, Sangro B, Sze D, Vilgrain V, Vouche M, Guiu B, Ronot M. Defining textbook outcome for selective internal radiation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: an international expert study. European Journal Of Nuclear Medicine And Molecular Imaging 2022, 50: 921-928. PMID: 36282299, DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06002-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSelective internal radiation therapyTextbook outcomeInternal radiation therapyHepatocellular carcinomaRadiation therapyPatient-important outcomesLarge observational studiesNuclear medicine physiciansEntire intervention processRandomized trialsRoutine careResultsA totalObservational studyMultistep interventionMedicine physiciansInterventional radiologistsSenior authorClinical roundsCarcinomaTherapyInterventionOutcomesMachine Learning Models for Prediction of Posttreatment Recurrence in Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Pretreatment Clinical and MRI Features: A Proof-of-Concept Study.
Iseke S, Zeevi T, Kucukkaya AS, Raju R, Gross M, Haider SP, Petukhova-Greenstein A, Kuhn TN, Lin M, Nowak M, Cooper K, Thomas E, Weber MA, Madoff DC, Staib L, Batra R, Chapiro J. Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Posttreatment Recurrence in Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Pretreatment Clinical and MRI Features: A Proof-of-Concept Study. American Journal Of Roentgenology 2022, 220: 245-255. PMID: 35975886, PMCID: PMC10015590, DOI: 10.2214/ajr.22.28077.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly-stage hepatocellular carcinomaLiver transplantHepatocellular carcinomaImaging featuresPosttreatment recurrenceOrgan allocationMean AUCLiver transplant eligibilityPretreatment clinical characteristicsPretreatment MRI examinationsKaplan-Meier analysisKaplan-Meier curvesClinical characteristicsImaging surveillanceTherapy allocationTransplant eligibilityUnderwent treatmentClinical parametersRetrospective studyUnpredictable complicationMRI dataConcept studyPoor survivalClinical impactPretreatment MRIImpact of Chemoembolic Regimen on Immune Cell Recruitment and Immune Checkpoint Marker Expression following Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization in a VX2 Rabbit Liver Tumor Model
Berz AM, Santana JG, Iseke S, Gross M, Pekurovsky V, Laage Gaupp F, Savic LJ, Borde T, Gottwald LA, Boustani AM, Gebauer B, Lin M, Zhang X, Schlachter T, Madoff DC, Chapiro J. Impact of Chemoembolic Regimen on Immune Cell Recruitment and Immune Checkpoint Marker Expression following Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization in a VX2 Rabbit Liver Tumor Model. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2022, 33: 764-774.e4. PMID: 35346859, PMCID: PMC9344951, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTranscatheter arterial chemoembolizationCytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4Rabbit liver tumor modelConventional TACEImmune checkpoint marker expressionLiver tumor modelVX2 rabbit liver tumor modelArterial chemoembolizationBicarbonate infusionImmune responseDifferentiation 3T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4Conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolizationTumor modelCell death protein 1Marker expressionIntratumoral T cellsImmune checkpoint markersT cell infiltrationDeath protein 1Antigen-presenting cellsImmune cell recruitmentNew Zealand white rabbitsZealand white rabbitsAPC infiltration
2021
Quantitative Automated Segmentation of Lipiodol Deposits on Cone-Beam CT Imaging Acquired during Transarterial Chemoembolization for Liver Tumors: A Deep Learning Approach
Malpani R, Petty CW, Yang J, Bhatt N, Zeevi T, Chockalingam V, Raju R, Petukhova-Greenstein A, Santana JG, Schlachter TR, Madoff DC, Chapiro J, Duncan J, Lin M. Quantitative Automated Segmentation of Lipiodol Deposits on Cone-Beam CT Imaging Acquired during Transarterial Chemoembolization for Liver Tumors: A Deep Learning Approach. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2021, 33: 324-332.e2. PMID: 34923098, PMCID: PMC8972393, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.12.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchComparison of metabolic and immunologic responses to transarterial chemoembolization with different chemoembolic regimens in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model
Doemel LA, Santana JG, Savic LJ, Gaupp FML, Borde T, Petukhova-Greenstein A, Kucukkaya AS, Schobert IT, Hamm CA, Gebauer B, Walsh JJ, Rexha I, Hyder F, Lin M, Madoff DC, Schlachter T, Chapiro J, Coman D. Comparison of metabolic and immunologic responses to transarterial chemoembolization with different chemoembolic regimens in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model. European Radiology 2021, 32: 2437-2447. PMID: 34718844, PMCID: PMC9359419, DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08337-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug-eluting embolicsImmune cell infiltrationAntigen-presenting cellsBicarbonate infusionConventional TACEDEE-TACETransarterial chemotherapyCell infiltrationImmune cellsPeritumoral infiltrationT lymphocytesIntratumoral immune cell infiltrationTumor modelRabbit VX2 liver tumor modelImmunological tumor microenvironmentVX2 liver tumor modelIntra-arterial therapyIntra-arterial treatmentRabbit VX2 tumor modelLiver tumor modelTumor-bearing rabbitsVX2 tumor modelMann-Whitney U testIntratumoral presenceTransarterial chemoembolizationThermal ablation alone vs thermal ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization for patients with small (<3Â cm) hepatocellular carcinoma
Chai NX, Chapiro J, Petukhova A, Gross M, Kucukkaya A, Raju R, Zeevi T, Elbanan M, Lin M, Perez-Lozada JC, Schlachter T, Strazzabosco M, Pollak JS, Madoff DC. Thermal ablation alone vs thermal ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization for patients with small (<3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical Imaging 2021, 76: 123-129. PMID: 33592550, PMCID: PMC8217099, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.01.043.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOverall survivalTransarterial chemoembolizationHepatocellular carcinomaThermal ablationTA groupEarly-stage hepatocellular carcinomaMedian overall survivalTherapy-naĂŻve patientsKaplan-Meier analysisMaximum tumor diameterStage hepatocellular carcinomaLog-rank testDrug-eluting beadsSmall hepatocellular carcinomaTerms of TTPHIPAA-compliant IRBSignificant differencesLipiodol-TACELocoregional therapyBCLC stageComplication rateTreatment cohortsTumor diameterAFP levelsPatient group
2019
Interventional oncology: aiming globally to be the 4 th pillar of cancer care
Madoff DC, Chapiro J, Pua U. Interventional oncology: aiming globally to be the 4 th pillar of cancer care. Chinese Clinical Oncology 2019, 8: 56. PMID: 31968980, DOI: 10.21037/cco.2019.12.12.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIO therapyInterventional oncologyClinical OncologyNational Comprehensive Cancer NetworkComprehensive Cancer NetworkDisease treatment guidelinesOncologic patient managementOncologic communityPalliative settingTreatment guidelinesOncologic careInterventional oncologistsMedical oncologyCancer careClinical trialsTreatment strategiesPatient managementPatient allocationCancer NetworkInterventional radiologyOncologyTherapyEuropean SocietyRadiation oncologyAmerican Society
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