2025
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists but not dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors reduce alcohol intake
Farokhnia M, Tazare J, Pince C, Bruns N, Gray J, Re V, Fiellin D, Kranzler H, Koob G, Justice A, Vendruscolo L, Rentsch C, Leggio L. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists but not dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors reduce alcohol intake. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2025 PMID: 40048376, DOI: 10.1172/jci188314.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAlcohol use disorderTreat alcohol use disorderGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsPeptide-1 receptor agonistsDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitorsPeptidase-4 inhibitorsDPP-4isOperant oral alcohol self-administrationDPP-4iAlcohol intakeOral alcohol self-administrationBinge-like alcohol drinkingBaseline alcohol use disordersReceptor agonistsAlcohol self-administrationAlcohol-dependent ratsReduce alcohol drinkingAlcohol drinkingGLP-1RAAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) scoresReduce alcohol intakeGLP-1RAsImpact of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitorReverse translational approachBaseline hazardous drinkingTime to direct-acting antivirals initiation and liver-related events in people with HIV and Hepatitis C virus.
Chalouni M, Van Santen D, Berenguer J, Jarrin I, Miro J, Klein M, Young J, Torgersen J, Rentsch C, Gill M, Epstein R, Linas B, Zangerle R, Surial B, Rauch A, Touloumi G, Papadopoulos A, Wittkop L, Van Der Valk M, Boyd A, Monforte A, Puoti M, Logan R, Rein S, Hernán M, Lodi S. Time to direct-acting antivirals initiation and liver-related events in people with HIV and Hepatitis C virus. AIDS 2025 PMID: 39970192, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000004161.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRisk of liver-related eventsDirect-acting antivirals initiationHIV-HCV co-infectionLiver-related eventsDirect-acting antiviralsHIV virologic suppressionAntiretroviral treatmentVirologic suppressionHIV-HCVCo-infectionHistory of injection drug useInjection drug useHepatitis C virusAntiviral initiationSuppress HIVDAA initiationHCV transmissionC virusEarly initiationCure HCVDelayed initiationHIVRisk differenceClinical practiceDrug useCannabis Use and Self-Reported Bothersome Symptoms in People with HIV
Wrona A, Justice A, Tate J, Rentsch C, Gordon K, Kidwai-Khan F, Silverberg M, Satre D, Marconi V, Ingle S, Sterne J, Cavassini M, Bryant K, McGinnis K. Cannabis Use and Self-Reported Bothersome Symptoms in People with HIV. Cannabis 2025, 8: 177-190. PMID: 39968492, PMCID: PMC11831903, DOI: 10.26828/cannabis/2025/000269.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCannabis useKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaSwiss HIV Cohort StudyHIV Symptom IndexSelf-reportBothersome symptomsSubstance useAssociations of self-reportedBothersome levelSelf-reported substanceMental health symptomsSymptom IndexSelf-reported informationHIV Cohort StudyPatterns of associationWeight lossPresence/absence of symptomsCross-cohort studyLogistic regression modelsHealth symptomsCannabisHealth outcomesLoss of appetiteHIV cohortStudy HIVUsing Quantitative Bias Analysis to Adjust for Misclassification of COVID‐19 Outcomes: An Applied Example of Inhaled Corticosteroids and COVID‐19 Outcomes
Bokern M, Rentsch C, Quint J, Hunnicutt J, Douglas I, Schultze A. Using Quantitative Bias Analysis to Adjust for Misclassification of COVID‐19 Outcomes: An Applied Example of Inhaled Corticosteroids and COVID‐19 Outcomes. Pharmacoepidemiology And Drug Safety 2025, 34: e70086. PMID: 39776023, PMCID: PMC11706700, DOI: 10.1002/pds.70086.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProbabilistic bias analysisRisk of COVID-19 hospitalisationCOVID-19 hospitalisationChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseOutcome misclassificationInhaled corticosteroid usersCOVID-19 outcomesIncreased risk of COVID-19 hospitalisationClinical Practice Research Datalink AurumInhaled corticosteroidsLogistic regressionQuantitative bias analysisBias analysisTriple therapySummary-levelObstructive pulmonary diseaseImpact treatment effect estimatesBenzodiazepine and z-drug prescribing in critical care survivors and the risk of rehospitalisation or death due to falls/trauma and due to any cause: a retrospective matched cohort study using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Mansi E, Rentsch C, Bourne R, Jeffery A, Guthrie B, Lone N. Benzodiazepine and z-drug prescribing in critical care survivors and the risk of rehospitalisation or death due to falls/trauma and due to any cause: a retrospective matched cohort study using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Intensive Care Medicine 2025, 51: 125-136. PMID: 39774867, DOI: 10.1007/s00134-024-07762-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAccidental FallsAcetamidesAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAzabicyclo CompoundsBenzodiazepinesCohort StudiesCritical CareFemaleHumansHypnotics and SedativesMaleMiddle AgedPatient ReadmissionPiperazinesProportional Hazards ModelsPyrimidinesRetrospective StudiesSurvivorsUnited KingdomWounds and InjuriesConceptsCritical care survivorsUK Clinical Practice Research DatalinkClinical Practice Research DatalinkZ-drug prescribingAssociated with increased riskPalliative careZ-drugsAssociated with increased risk of all-causeRisk of all-causeCohort studyConfidence intervalsBenzodiazepines/Z-drugsMental health problemsRisk of rehospitalisationMatched cohort studyVulnerable patient groupRetrospective matched cohort studyTreatment naive individualsAll-causeMethodsRetrospective cohort studyHazard ratioHealth problemsPrescribed benzodiazepinesPrescribingHighest prevalenceUtility of Candidate Genes From an Algorithm Designed to Predict Genetic Risk for Opioid Use Disorder
Davis C, Jinwala Z, Hatoum A, Toikumo S, Agrawal A, Rentsch C, Edenberg H, Baurley J, Hartwell E, Crist R, Gray J, Justice A, Gelernter J, Kember R, Kranzler H, Muralidhar S, Moser J, Deen J, Tsao P, Gaziano J, Hauser E, Kilbourne A, Matheny M, Oslin D, Churby L, Whitbourne S, Brewer J, Shayan S, Selva L, Pyarajan S, Cho K, DuVall S, Brophy M, Stephens B, Connor T, Argyres D, Assimes T, Hung A, Kranzler H, Aguayo S, Ahuja S, Alexander K, Androulakis X, Balasubramanian P, Ballas Z, Beckham J, Bhushan S, Boyko E, Cohen D, Dellitalia L, Faulk L, Fayad J, Fujii D, Gappy S, Gesek F, Greco J, Godschalk M, Gress T, Gupta S, Gutierrez S, Harley J, Hamner M, Hurley R, Iruvanti P, Jacono F, Jhala D, Kinlay S, Landry M, Liang P, Liangpunsakul S, Lichy J, Mahan C, Marrache R, Mastorides S, Mattocks K, Meyer P, Moorman J, Morgan T, Murdoch M, Norton J, Okusaga O, Oursler K, Poon S, Rauchman M, Servatius R, Sharma S, Smith R, Sriram P, Strollo P, Tandon N, Villareal G, Walsh J, Wells J, Whittle J, Whooley M, Wilson P, Xu J, Yeh S, Bast E, Dryden G, Hogan D, Joshi S, Lo T, Morales P, Naik E, Ong M, Petrakis I, Rai A, Yen A. Utility of Candidate Genes From an Algorithm Designed to Predict Genetic Risk for Opioid Use Disorder. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e2453913. PMID: 39786773, PMCID: PMC11718552, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.53913.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpioid use disorder riskElectronic health record dataHealth record dataInternational Classification of DiseasesOpioid use disorderClassification of DiseasesGenetic variantsInternational ClassificationGenetic riskRecord dataRisk of opioid use disorderMillion Veteran ProgramOpioid use disorder diagnosisUse disorderCase-control studyVeteran ProgramMain OutcomesDiagnostic codesClinical careOpioid exposurePharmacy recordsLogistic regressionRisk allelesNagelkerke R2Clinically useful modelHow Should Meaningful Evidence Be Generated From Datasets?
Morton C, Rentsch C. How Should Meaningful Evidence Be Generated From Datasets? The AMA Journal Of Ethic 2025, 27: e27-33. PMID: 39745911, DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2025.27.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchWhat Are High-Quality Race and Ethnicity Data and How Are They Used in Health Equity Research?
Rentsch C, Siddiqui M, Mathur R. What Are High-Quality Race and Ethnicity Data and How Are They Used in Health Equity Research? The AMA Journal Of Ethic 2025, 27: e34-43. PMID: 39745912, DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2025.34.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2024
Four targets: an enhanced framework for guiding causal inference from observational data
Lu H, Li F, Lesko C, Fink D, Rudolph K, Harhay M, Rentsch C, Fiellin D, Gonsalves G. Four targets: an enhanced framework for guiding causal inference from observational data. International Journal Of Epidemiology 2024, 54: dyaf003. PMID: 39868475, PMCID: PMC11769716, DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaf003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchStudy protocol: Comparison of different risk prediction modelling approaches for COVID-19 related death using the OpenSAFELY platform
Collaborative T, Williamson E, Tazare J, Bhaskaran K, Walker A, McDonald H, Tomlinson L, Bacon S, Bates C, Curtis H, Forbes H, Minassian C, Morton C, Nightingale E, Mehrkar A, Evans D, Nicholson B, Leon D, Inglesby P, MacKenna B, Cockburn J, Davies N, Hulme W, Morley J, Douglas I, Rentsch C, Mathur R, Wong A, Schultze A, Croker R, Parry J, Hester F, Harper S, Perera R, Grieve R, Harrison D, Steyerberg E, Eggo R, Diaz-Ordaz K, Keogh R, Evans S, Smeeth L, Goldacre B. Study protocol: Comparison of different risk prediction modelling approaches for COVID-19 related death using the OpenSAFELY platform. Wellcome Open Research 2024, 5: 243. PMID: 39931522, PMCID: PMC11809169, DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16353.2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRisk prediction modelPrimary care electronic health records dataElectronic health record dataTime-varying measuresHealth record dataRisk of poor outcomesOpenSAFELY platformChronic disease settingsRestricted social contactDeath dataCOVID-19 related deathsWorld Health OrganizationCohort approachCOVID-19 deathsRecord dataCOVID-19Population of adult patientsHealth OrganizationRisk predictionOpenSAFELYSocial contactPerceived riskPolicy changesRelated deathsAdult patientsHepatotoxicity Score: A New Method to Adjust for Use of Potentially Hepatotoxic Medications by Chronic Liver Disease Status
Re V, Newcomb C, Carbonari D, Mezochow A, Hennessy S, Rentsch C, Park L, Tate J, Bräu N, Bhattacharya D, Lim J, Mezzacappa C, Njei B, Roy J, Taddei T, Justice A, Torgersen J. Hepatotoxicity Score: A New Method to Adjust for Use of Potentially Hepatotoxic Medications by Chronic Liver Disease Status. Pharmacoepidemiology And Drug Safety 2024, 33: e70069. PMID: 39662972, PMCID: PMC11634562, DOI: 10.1002/pds.70069.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProton pump inhibitor initiationHazard ratioVeterans Health AdministrationSevere acute liver injuryProton pump inhibitorsChronic liver diseaseAcute liver injuryRates of hospitalizationSafety of medicationsPPI initiativesHealth AdministrationLiver disease statusMedication exposurePharmacoepidemiological studiesMedicationConfoundingScoresReports of hepatotoxicityDisease statusHepatotoxic medicationsDrug exposurePump inhibitorsHepatotoxic drugsOutpatient initiationHepatic safetyPatient Characteristics and Practice Variation Associated With New Community Prescription of Benzodiazepine and z‐Drug Hypnotics After Critical Illness: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Mansi E, Rentsch C, Bourne R, Guthrie B, Lone N. Patient Characteristics and Practice Variation Associated With New Community Prescription of Benzodiazepine and z‐Drug Hypnotics After Critical Illness: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Pharmacoepidemiology And Drug Safety 2024, 33: e70056. PMID: 39603606, PMCID: PMC11602247, DOI: 10.1002/pds.70056.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCommunity prescriptionsZ-drugsIllness survivorsRetrospective cohort studyClinical Practice Research Datalink dataPractice variationUK Clinical Practice Research DatalinkClinical Practice Research DatalinkWorsening mental health conditionsCohort studyMultilevel multivariable logistic regressionSurvivors of critical illnessZ-drug prescribingCritical care survivorsPrimary care practicesCritical illnessMental health conditionsZ-drug prescriptionsCritical illness survivorsMultivariate logistic regressionPrescription opioid useCare practicesRisk of adverse eventsHealth conditionsHistory of insomniaA Mendelian randomization study of alcohol use and cardiometabolic disease risk in a multi‐ancestry population from the Million Veteran Program
Kember R, Rentsch C, Lynch J, Vujkovic M, Voight B, Justice A, Program M, Assimes T, Kranzler H. A Mendelian randomization study of alcohol use and cardiometabolic disease risk in a multi‐ancestry population from the Million Veteran Program. Alcohol Clinical And Experimental Research 2024, 48: 2256-2268. PMID: 39580711, PMCID: PMC11629435, DOI: 10.1111/acer.15445.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCoronary heart diseaseMR analysisMillion Veteran ProgramGenetic scoreAlcohol consumptionBody mass indexMendelian randomizationCardiometabolic diseasesVeteran ProgramAfrican AmericansAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) scoresEuropean AmericansHispanic AmericansAssociation of alcohol consumptionMultivariable MR analysisAssociated with CHD riskMendelian randomization studiesRisk of cardiometabolic diseasesAssociated with alcohol consumptionCardiometabolic disease riskIncidence of coronary heart diseaseObservational studyNested case-control studyReduced risk of cardiometabolic diseasesMulti-ancestry populationUrsodeoxycholic acid and severe COVID-19 outcomes in a cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform
Costello R, Waller K, Smith R, Mells G, Wong A, Schultze A, Mahalingasivam V, Herrett E, Zheng B, Lin L, MacKenna B, Mehrkar A, Bacon S, Goldacre B, Tomlinson L, Tazare J, Rentsch C. Ursodeoxycholic acid and severe COVID-19 outcomes in a cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform. Communications Medicine 2024, 4: 238. PMID: 39562612, PMCID: PMC11576861, DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00664-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCOVID-19 hospitalisationSevere COVID-19 outcomesCOVID-19 related hospitalisationCOVID-19 outcomesCohort studyPopulation-based cohort studyHazard ratioPrimary care recordsDeath registration dataOpenSAFELY-TPP platformApproval of NHS EnglandConfidence intervalsEstimate hazard ratiosCox proportional hazards regressionProportional hazards regressionPre-specified confoundersAbsolute risk reductionOpenSAFELY platformCare recordsNHS EnglandConfounder adjustmentEligible individualsRegistration dataHazards regressionHospital recordsCore Concepts in Pharmacoepidemiology: Quantitative Bias Analysis
Brown J, Hunnicutt J, Ali M, Bhaskaran K, Cole A, Langan S, Nitsch D, Rentsch C, Galwey N, Wing K, Douglas I. Core Concepts in Pharmacoepidemiology: Quantitative Bias Analysis. Pharmacoepidemiology And Drug Safety 2024, 33: e70026. PMID: 39375940, DOI: 10.1002/pds.70026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsQuantitative bias analysisBias analysisValidity of study findingsPharmacoepidemiological studiesRobustness of studiesEffects of medicationStudy designEffect estimatesResidual biasStudy findingsSelection biasConfoundingEstimated effectsPotential biasPharmacoepidemiologyBiasMedicationCore conceptsStudyMeasurement errorImpact of COVID-19 on recorded blood pressure screening and hypertension management in England: an analysis of monthly changes in the quality and outcomes framework indicators in OpenSAFELY
Wiedemann M, Speed V, Cunningham C, Higgins R, Curtis H, Andrews C, Fisher L, Hopcroft L, Rentsch C, Mahalingasivam V, Tomlinson L, Morton C, Samuel M, Green A, Wood C, Brown A, Massey J, Walters C, Smith R, Inglesby P, Evans D, Maude S, Dillingham I, Walker A, Morley J, Mehrkar A, Bacon S, Bates C, Cockburn J, Parry J, Hester F, McManus R, Goldacre B, MacKenna B. Impact of COVID-19 on recorded blood pressure screening and hypertension management in England: an analysis of monthly changes in the quality and outcomes framework indicators in OpenSAFELY. Open Heart 2024, 11: e002732. PMID: 39214534, PMCID: PMC11664366, DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2024-002732.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBlood pressure screeningPressure screeningPercentage of patientsHypertension prevalenceHypertension managementPopulation-based cohort studyRecord of hypertensionCardiovascular disease managementClinical subgroupsQOF indicatorsScreening ratesPrimary careGeneral practiceHome statusNHS patientsOlder peopleBlood pressure measurementsCare schemesCohort studyDisease managementImpact of COVID-19COVID-19Framework indicatorsNational qualityNHSSevere Acute Liver Injury After Hepatotoxic Medication Initiation in Real-World Data
Torgersen J, Mezochow A, Newcomb C, Carbonari D, Hennessy S, Rentsch C, Park L, Tate J, Bräu N, Bhattacharya D, Lim J, Mezzacappa C, Njei B, Roy J, Taddei T, Justice A, Re V. Severe Acute Liver Injury After Hepatotoxic Medication Initiation in Real-World Data. JAMA Internal Medicine 2024, 184: 943-952. PMID: 38913369, PMCID: PMC11197444, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.1836.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIncidence rateUS Department of Veterans AffairsMedication initiationDepartment of Veterans AffairsInitiation of medicationVeterans AffairsMain OutcomesPotential of medicationsOutpatient settingDischarge diagnosisCohort studyDay of admissionCase reportReal World DataReport countsMedicationMedical cohortSevere acute liver injuryUS DepartmentFollow-upAcute liver injuryHospitalCohortHepatotoxic medicationsIncidenceContribution of Potentially Inappropriate Medications to Polypharmacy-Associated Risk of Mortality in Middle-Aged Patients: A National Cohort Study
Guillot J, Justice A, Gordon K, Skanderson M, Pariente A, Bezin J, Rentsch C. Contribution of Potentially Inappropriate Medications to Polypharmacy-Associated Risk of Mortality in Middle-Aged Patients: A National Cohort Study. Journal Of General Internal Medicine 2024, 39: 3261-3270. PMID: 38831248, PMCID: PMC11618606, DOI: 10.1007/s11606-024-08817-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMiddle-aged patientsRisk of mortalityVeterans AffairsChronic medicationsVA patient populationIntegrated healthcare systemNational cohort studyAssociated with increased mortalityMiddle-aged individualsMechanism of injuryMiddle-aged peopleAssociated with mortalityInappropriate medicationsBeers criteriaHealthcare systemAttenuate riskCohort studyClinical characteristicsGeneral populationHyperpolypharmacyFollow-upPolypharmacyPatient populationBackgroundThe roleCox modelOpenSAFELY: A platform for analysing electronic health records designed for reproducible research
Nab L, Schaffer A, Hulme W, DeVito N, Dillingham I, Wiedemann M, Andrews C, Curtis H, Fisher L, Green A, Massey J, Walters C, Higgins R, Cunningham C, Morley J, Mehrkar A, Hart L, Davy S, Evans D, Hickman G, Inglesby P, Morton C, Smith R, Ward T, O'Dwyer T, Maude S, Bridges L, Butler‐Cole B, Stables C, Stokes P, Bates C, Cockburn J, Hester F, Parry J, Bhaskaran K, Schultze A, Rentsch C, Mathur R, Tomlinson L, Williamson E, Smeeth L, Walker A, Bacon S, MacKenna B, Goldacre B. OpenSAFELY: A platform for analysing electronic health records designed for reproducible research. Pharmacoepidemiology And Drug Safety 2024, 33: e5815-e5815. PMID: 38783412, PMCID: PMC7616137, DOI: 10.1002/pds.5815.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health recordsHealth recordsComputing environmentProgram codeSoftware platformAdministrative health dataAnalysis environmentAudit trailReproducibility of researchReproducible researchData preparationPublic sharingPublic health guidanceHealth dataHealth guidanceCodeOpenSAFELYTechnical solutionsPlatformPromote trustCOVID-19 pandemicIncrease transparencyCode-sharingWorkflowDataCare interruptions and mortality among adults in Europe and North America
Trickey A, Zhang L, Rentsch C, Pantazis N, Izquierdo R, Antinori A, Leierer G, Burkholder G, Cavassini M, Palacio-Vieira J, Gill M, Teira R, Stephan C, Obel N, Vehreschild J, Sterling T, Van Der Valk M, Bonnet F, Crane H, Silverberg M, Ingle S, Sterne J. Care interruptions and mortality among adults in Europe and North America. AIDS 2024, 38: 1533-1542. PMID: 38742863, PMCID: PMC11239093, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003924.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCare interruptionsMortality riskCohort studyHazard ratioAnalysis of cohort studiesAntiretroviral therapyCare of peopleRobust to sensitivity analysesMortality hazard ratioCrude mortality rateHazard of mortalityAntiretroviral therapy initiationObservational cohort studyAntiretroviral therapy startUninterrupted careFollow-up groupCareAssociated with adverse outcomesPWHCox regressionAdverse outcomesFollow-up timeMortality rateCompare hazardsComposite outcome
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