2025
Epidemiology of Opioid Use, Misuse, and Overdoses
Draghmeh K, Gold M, Fuehrlein B. Epidemiology of Opioid Use, Misuse, and Overdoses. Current Addiction Reports 2025, 12: 36. DOI: 10.1007/s40429-025-00649-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOpioid use disorderEpidemiology of opioid useComplex public health challengesMental health disordersRisk factorsPublic health challengeOpioid useHarm reduction programsSocioeconomic disadvantagePsychosocial interventionsAccess barriersHealth disordersHealth challengesReduction programsOverdose deathsImprove outcomesGenetic predispositionCollaborative effortsPolysubstance useTreatment retentionEpidemiologyInnovative therapiesIncreasing overdose deathsReviewThis reviewLimited accessibilityIntegrating epidemiology and genomics data to estimate the prevalence of acquired cysteine drug targets in the U.S. cancer patient population
Arun A, Liarakos D, Mendiratta G, Kim J, Goshua G, Olson P, Stites E. Integrating epidemiology and genomics data to estimate the prevalence of acquired cysteine drug targets in the U.S. cancer patient population. The Pharmacogenomics Journal 2025, 25: 5. PMID: 40044654, DOI: 10.1038/s41397-025-00364-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGenomic dataEstimates of mutation ratesSomatic missense mutationsGenomic informationPopulation-level estimatesCancer patient populationMissense mutationsNon-epidemiologicallyCancer patientsMutation ratePathogenic mutationsCysteine residuesCancer epidemiologyMutation-specificMutation abundanceDrug targetsMutationsIntegrates epidemiologyAbundancePatient populationEpidemiologyGenomePopulationTargeted therapyResiduesColorectal Neoplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Al Sulais E, AlAmeel T, Alenzi M, Shehab M, AlMutairdi A, Al-Bawardy B. Colorectal Neoplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cancers 2025, 17: 665. PMID: 40002259, PMCID: PMC11853504, DOI: 10.3390/cancers17040665.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRisk of colonic neoplasiaColonic neoplasiaInflammatory bowel diseaseConcomitant primary sclerosing cholangitisRisk factorsMultiple risk factorsColorectal neoplasiaBowel diseaseHigh-risk featuresIncreased riskPrimary sclerosing cholangitisColonic Crohn's diseaseColonic dysplasiaDisease extentSclerosing cholangitisRiskCrohn's diseaseNeoplasiaUlcerative colitisDiseaseSurveillancePatientsColorectalEpidemiologyWhat Should Health Professions Students Learn About Data Bias?
Shenson D, Sheares B, Fearce C. What Should Health Professions Students Learn About Data Bias? The AMA Journal Of Ethic 2025, 27: e14-20. PMID: 39745910, DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2025.14.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2024
Genal: a Python toolkit for genetic risk scoring and Mendelian randomization
Rivier C, Clocchiatti-Tuozzo S, Huo S, Torres-Lopez V, Renedo D, Sheth K, Falcone G, Acosta J. Genal: a Python toolkit for genetic risk scoring and Mendelian randomization. Bioinformatics Advances 2024, 5: vbae207. PMID: 39776894, PMCID: PMC11706532, DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbae207.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPolygenic risk scoresMendelian randomizationMR analysisGenome-wide association studiesPRS computationRisk scoreGenetic association dataGenetic risk scoreGenetic epidemiological studiesMR-PRESSOAssociation studiesGenetic epidemiologyMultiple R packagesMR methodsAssociation dataR packageEpidemiological studiesComputational experimentsGenalePython toolkitPython packageScoresPLINKComputation timeEpidemiologyThe evolution of selection bias in the recent epidemiologic literature—a selective overview
Lu H, Howe C, Zivich P, Gonsalves G, Westreich D. The evolution of selection bias in the recent epidemiologic literature—a selective overview. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2024, 194: 580-584. PMID: 39136207, PMCID: PMC11879605, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae282.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAsymptomatic Incidence of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Preclinical Duration to Myeloma Diagnosis: A Modeling Study.
Ji M, Shih Y, Huber J, Wang M, Feuer E, Etzioni R, Wang S, Chang S. Asymptomatic Incidence of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Preclinical Duration to Myeloma Diagnosis: A Modeling Study. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 2024, 33: 1690-1697. PMID: 39106151, PMCID: PMC11611677, DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-24-0490.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNHB populationNHW populationsPreclinical durationNon-HispanicNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyHealth and Nutrition Examination SurveyNutrition Examination SurveyPopulation-based screeningMultiple myelomaNHW counterpartsExamination SurveyMGUS prevalenceMonoclonal gammopathyIncidence rateNHWNatural history of MMMM incidenceNHBIncidence of monoclonal gammopathyCumulative riskHistory of MMMGUS to MMPopulation age distributionEpidemiologyAsymptomatic incidenceThe Study of the Epidemiology of Pediatric Hypertension Registry (SUPERHERO): rationale and methods
South A, Giammattei V, Bagley K, Bakhoum C, Beasley W, Bily M, Biswas S, Bridges A, Byfield R, Campbell J, Chanchlani R, Chen A, McGowan L, Downs S, Fergeson G, Greenberg J, Hill-Horowitz T, Jensen E, Kallash M, Kamel M, Kiessling S, Kline D, Laisure J, Liu G, Londeree J, Lucas C, Mannemuddhu S, Mao K, Misurac J, Murphy M, Nugent J, Onugha E, Pudupakkam A, Redmond K, Riar S, Sethna C, Siddiqui S, Thumann A, Uss S, Vincent C, Viviano I, Walsh M, White B, Woroniecki R, Wu M, Yamaguchi I, Yun E, Weaver D. The Study of the Epidemiology of Pediatric Hypertension Registry (SUPERHERO): rationale and methods. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2024, 193: 1650-1661. PMID: 38881045, PMCID: PMC11637526, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae116.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchManual record reviewHypertensive disordersRecord reviewElectronic health record dataICD-10Health record dataInternational Classification of Diseases diagnostic codesReduce CVD burdenPrevalence of hypertensionIncreased prevalence of hypertensionCardiovascular mortality ratesCVD burdenBlood pressureInternational ClassificationDiagnostic codesClinical careRecord dataInclusion criteriaLife courseIncreased prevalencePediatric hypertensionLong-term consequencesMortality rateEpidemiologyBiomedical informaticsCancer research is not correlated with driver gene mutation burdens
Mendiratta G, Liarakos D, Tong M, Ito S, Ke E, Goshua G, Stites E. Cancer research is not correlated with driver gene mutation burdens. Med 2024, 5: 832-838.e4. PMID: 38908369, PMCID: PMC12092095, DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.05.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCancer patient populationCancer researchCancer research effortsResearch allocation decisionsNational InstitutePatient populationResearch fundingBurdenBurden of mutationsFunding decisionsCancerGenetic driversGene mutation burdenFunding amountFundingGenetic drivers of cancerAllocation decisionsCancer-associated genesEpidemiologyDrivers of cancerMutational burdenBaselineEffortsFactorsBalance of prioritiesStillbirth: we can do better
Silver R, Reddy U. Stillbirth: we can do better. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2024, 231: 152-165. PMID: 38789073, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.05.042.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchResource countriesNon-Hispanic blacksPrevention of stillbirthNon-Hispanic whitesOther Pacific IslanderRate of stillbirthLow-income countriesStillbirth rateStillbirthRisk factorsPacific IslandersGenetic etiologyPlacental assessmentEmotion managementRisk stratificationPreventionUnited StatesPregnancyRiskDisparitiesEpidemiologyCountriesU.S.WhiteOn adjustment for temperature in heat-wave epidemiology: a new method for estimating the health effects of heat waves
Kim H, Bell M. On adjustment for temperature in heat-wave epidemiology: a new method for estimating the health effects of heat waves. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2024, 193: 1814-1822. PMID: 38775282, PMCID: PMC11637476, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae078.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEpidemiology and patterns of gymnastics-related head & neck trauma injuries: A NEISS database study
Abdou H, Wilkins S, Sheth A, Salehi P, Lee Y. Epidemiology and patterns of gymnastics-related head & neck trauma injuries: A NEISS database study. The American Journal Of Emergency Medicine 2024, 80: 87-90. PMID: 38520802, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.03.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNEISS databaseHead and neck fracturesBivariate chi-square analysesTrauma injuriesCross-sectional analysisInjury preventionInjury demographicsED visitsCervical spineChi-square analysisInjury typeNeck fracturesNational databaseNarrative descriptionAge groupsDatabase studyRacial groupsTraumatic injuryNEISSFracture locationDental injuriesFacial injuriesEpidemiologyInjuryDatabase
2023
Surrogate endpoints: a key concept in clinical epidemiology
Christensen R, Ciani O, Manyara A, Taylor R. Surrogate endpoints: a key concept in clinical epidemiology. Journal Of Clinical Epidemiology 2023, 167: 111242. PMID: 38142762, DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.111242.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPatient-important outcomesSurrogate endpointsClinical outcomesTrue clinical outcomeClinical trialsClinical epidemiologyRobust scientific evidenceHealth outcomesIntermediate outcomesEndpointMeaningful cutoffsScientific evidenceOutcomesTreatment effectsPatientsInterventionSpecific changesRigorous evaluationEpidemiologyTrialsBiomarkersA deep network DeepOpacityNet for detection of cataracts from color fundus photographs
Elsawy A, Keenan T, Chen Q, Thavikulwat A, Bhandari S, Quek T, Goh J, Tham Y, Cheng C, Chew E, Lu Z. A deep network DeepOpacityNet for detection of cataracts from color fundus photographs. Communications Medicine 2023, 3: 184. PMID: 38104223, PMCID: PMC10725427, DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00410-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchColor fundus photographyAnterior segment photographsSlit-lamp examinationEye Disease StudyPosterior subcapsular cataractColor fundus photographsAREDS2 participantsCataract presenceSingapore EpidemiologyDetection of cataractOphthalmology clinicFundus photographyFundus photographsSubcapsular cataractCenter gradingCataractOphthalmologistsDisease StudyBlood vesselsNuclear cataractPerson evaluationAREDS2ClinicEpidemiologyDiagnosisBlack-White differences in uterine cancer symptomatology and stage at diagnosis
Xu X, Chen L, Nunez-Smith M, Clark M, Ferris J, Hershman D, Wright J. Black-White differences in uterine cancer symptomatology and stage at diagnosis. Gynecologic Oncology 2023, 180: 118-125. PMID: 38091770, PMCID: PMC10922746, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.11.029.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdvanced stage diagnosisWhite patientsPostmenopausal bleedingPatient characteristicsEnd Results-Medicare databaseBlack-white differencesBlack-White disparitiesBlack patientsUterine cancerCancer symptomsHigh riskPatientsAdvanced stageSymptomsDiagnosisCancer symptomatologyRegression modelsRiskLarge proportionBleedingHistologyCancerEpidemiologySymptomatologyMonths2899. Integrating HIV Partner Services and Molecular Epidemiology Data to Enhance HIV Transmission Disruption in Rhode Island: Findings from a Public Health-Academic Partnership
Khanna A, Novitsky V, Guang A, Howison M, Gillani F, Steingrimsson J, Dunn C, Fulton J, Bertrand T, Howe K, Bhattarai L, Ronquillo G, MacAskill M, Bandy U, Kantor R. 2899. Integrating HIV Partner Services and Molecular Epidemiology Data to Enhance HIV Transmission Disruption in Rhode Island: Findings from a Public Health-Academic Partnership. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2023, 10: ofad500.170. PMCID: PMC10678557, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad500.170.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMolecular epidemiology dataEpidemiology dataMolecular epidemiologyHIV partner servicesSignificant public health concernLocal HIV epidemicPublic health concernPublic healthOnly moderate concordanceRhode Island DepartmentHIV transmissionHealth contactsHIV epidemicBackground HIVModerate concordanceContact tracingHealth concernPartner servicesConclusion IntegrationEpidemiologyConcordanceHealthUniversity investigatorsUnique personPersonsUS and Global Epidemiology and Incidence Rates of Lung Cancer
DeBiasi E. US and Global Epidemiology and Incidence Rates of Lung Cancer. Respiratory Medicine 2023, 1-24. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38412-7_1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIncidence rate of lung cancerIncidence rateRate of lung cancerLung cancer screeningCancer screeningIncidence trendsTobacco useSmoking cessationE-cigarettesRisk factorsGlobal epidemiologyOccupational exposureLung cancerSex-specificRegional variationCancerSmokingIncidenceEpidemiologyLung diseaseCessationMortalityOutcomesScreeningLungA Diagnostic Approach to Fungal Pneumonia An Infectious Diseases Perspective
Azar M. A Diagnostic Approach to Fungal Pneumonia An Infectious Diseases Perspective. CHEST Journal 2023, 165: 559-572. PMID: 37813181, DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.10.005.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsFungal pneumoniaAppropriate diagnostic testingClinical syndromeDiagnostic testingLower respiratory tract infectionsNon-resolving pneumoniaRespiratory tract infectionsInfectious diseases perspectiveTract infectionsRadiographic patternsCommon causeEpidemiologic exposuresCorrect diagnosisRisk populationsPneumoniaDiagnostic approachHost factorsDisease perspectiveConstellation of factorsPatientsSyndromeInfectionEpidemiologyIncidenceDiagnosisTransfusion-transmitted Babesia spp.: a changing landscape of epidemiology, regulation, and risk mitigation
Drews S, Kjemtrup A, Krause P, Lambert G, Leiby D, Lewin A, O'Brien S, Renaud C, Tonnetti L, Bloch E. Transfusion-transmitted Babesia spp.: a changing landscape of epidemiology, regulation, and risk mitigation. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 2023, 61: e01268-22. PMID: 37750699, PMCID: PMC10595070, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01268-22.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBlood productsWhole blood-derived platelet concentratesNon-endemic areasNon-endemic regionsTTB casesMost patientsRed blood cellsClinical presentationSevere illnessBlood donorsDead-end hostsTick-borne parasitesHuman transmissionEndemic regionsClinical settingEpidemiologyBlood cellsCase numbersPlatelet concentratesTransfusionRiskThe Epidemiology of Palmoplantar Pustulosis: An Analysis of Multiple Health Insurance Claims and Electronic Health Records Databases
Ramcharran D, Strober B, Gordon K, DeKlotz C, Fakharzadeh S, Yang Y, Swerdel J, Hardin J, Dronavalli S, Paller A. The Epidemiology of Palmoplantar Pustulosis: An Analysis of Multiple Health Insurance Claims and Electronic Health Records Databases. Advances In Therapy 2023, 40: 5090-5101. PMID: 37737889, PMCID: PMC10567878, DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02669-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health record databaseHealth record databasePPP patientsRecord databaseHigher baseline useChronic inflammatory conditionsPost-diagnosis treatmentHealth insurance claimsConclusionsThe burdenPotential miscodingPalmoplantar pustulosisSterile pustulesBaseline characteristicsMetabolic syndromeBaseline useInflammatory conditionsIncidence ratePopulation-based approachPrevalence estimatesPPP prevalenceEpidemiologyAdditional studiesPustulosisDisease treatmentPatients
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