2025
Statistical Methods for Chemical Mixtures: A Roadmap for Practitioners Using Simulation Studies and a Sample Data Analysis in the PROTECT Cohort
Hao W, Cathey A, Aung M, Boss J, Meeker J, Mukherjee B. Statistical Methods for Chemical Mixtures: A Roadmap for Practitioners Using Simulation Studies and a Sample Data Analysis in the PROTECT Cohort. Environmental Health Perspectives 2025, 133: 067019. PMID: 40392783, PMCID: PMC12178341, DOI: 10.1289/ehp15305.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnvironmental risk scoreMixtures researchBirth outcomesSummary scoreSimulation studyBirth cohortIllustrative data analysisData analysisPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsRisk scoreBinary outcomesEpidemiological studiesHealth impactsRisk stratificationCumulative measureInferential goalsIntegrated R packagePractitionersChemical mixturesImprove risk stratificationPROTECT cohortSimulation settingsCohortScoresExposure to chemical mixturesPrenatal exposure to phthalate mixtures and child neurodevelopment in toddlers aged 1–3 years from the PROTECT birth cohort
Park S, Cathey A, Hao W, Park S, Mukherjee B, Montañez G, Rosario Pabón Z, Vélez Vega C, Cordero J, Alshawabkeh A, Watkins D, Meeker J. Prenatal exposure to phthalate mixtures and child neurodevelopment in toddlers aged 1–3 years from the PROTECT birth cohort. International Journal Of Hygiene And Environmental Health 2025, 268: 114599. PMID: 40472722, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114599.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBayesian kernel machine regressionBirth cohortNeurodevelopmental outcomesChild neurodevelopmentReplacement chemicalsAdverse health outcomesDi(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalateMultiple phthalatesInfluence children's neurodevelopmentChild developmental problemsQuantile g-computationPoor neurodevelopmental outcomesMaternal urine samplesMother-child dyadsHealth outcomesPrenatal phthalate exposureKernel machine regressionToddlers aged 1Personal care productsG-computationGeneral populationPreterm birthAdverse trendsPhthalate exposurePrenatal exposureModeling the Impact of Smoking on Mortality in Argentina From 2000 to 2100. A Maximum Potential Reduction in Premature Mortality Analysis
Salgado M, Cao P, Jeon J, Sanchez-Romero L, Holford T, Levy D, Tam J, Mejia R, Meza R. Modeling the Impact of Smoking on Mortality in Argentina From 2000 to 2100. A Maximum Potential Reduction in Premature Mortality Analysis. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2025, ntaf117. PMID: 40448284, DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaf117.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSmoking-attributable deathsTobacco control interventionsSmoking-attributable mortalitySmoking prevalenceControl interventionsLife yearsAdult smoking prevalenceSmoking-related mortalityPremature deathBurden of smokingPotential health gainsReduce smoking ratesPublic health effortsYears of lifeImpact of smokingSmoking trendsPopulation healthSmoking ratesHealth effortsHealth gainsPremature mortalityModel of cigarette smokeMortality burdenBirth cohortStatus quo scenarioAll-Cause Mortality and Life Expectancy by Birth Cohort Across US States
Holford T, McKay L, Tam J, Jeon J, Meza R. All-Cause Mortality and Life Expectancy by Birth Cohort Across US States. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e257695. PMID: 40293748, PMCID: PMC12038512, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.7695.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBirth cohortYears of ageLife expectancyAge-period-cohort modelNational Center for Health StatisticsCenter for Health StatisticsCenters for Disease Control and PreventionUS mortality ratesDisease Control and PreventionPublic health interventionsCohort-specific patternsCohort life expectancyLower life expectancyControl and PreventionAll-cause mortalityUS statesMortality rateOnline DataMortality trendsHealth interventionsHealth StatisticsMortality dataAll-causeMain OutcomesCohort studyPerinatal exposure to ambient fine particle air pollution and risk of childhood ewing sarcoma in a population-based case-control study in California (1988–2015)
Clark C, Wang R, Wiemels J, Metayer C, Deziel N, Ma X. Perinatal exposure to ambient fine particle air pollution and risk of childhood ewing sarcoma in a population-based case-control study in California (1988–2015). Environmental Health 2025, 24: 6. PMID: 40055781, PMCID: PMC11887085, DOI: 10.1186/s12940-025-01159-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHispanic childrenSarcoma riskControls frequency-matched to casesFrequency-matched to casesBirth yearPopulation-based case-control studyOdds ratioPM2.5 exposureConfidence intervalsAir pollution exposureCalifornia birth cohortNon-Hispanic childrenAmbient PM2.5 exposureFine particle air pollutionCase-control studyAmbient fine particulate matterHigher PM2.5 levelsMaternal residenceCancer riskMaternal educationPotential disparitiesBirth cohortHispanic ethnicityElevated oddsLinkage studiesAssociations between childhood trauma and adolescent psychiatric disorders in Brazil: a longitudinal, population-based birth cohort study
Bailey M, Fairchild G, Hammerton G, Bauer A, Carpena M, Murray J, Santos I, Barros A, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Danese A, Halligan S, Matijasevich A. Associations between childhood trauma and adolescent psychiatric disorders in Brazil: a longitudinal, population-based birth cohort study. The Lancet Global Health 2025, 13: e309-e318. PMID: 39890231, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(24)00452-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow-income and-middle-income countriesPopulation attributable fractionPelotas Birth CohortAdolescent psychiatric disordersAnxiety disordersPsychiatric disordersTrauma exposureCumulative traumaBirth cohortLongitudinal associationsChildhood traumaMood disordersComputed population attributable fractionsTrauma loadPopulation-based birth cohort studyMental disordersRisk of mental disordersAnd Middle-Income CountriesExposure to childhood traumaPrevalence of trauma exposureAssociated with increased oddsAssociated with mental disordersBirth cohort studyIncreased exposure to traumaBurden of traumaInvestigative Approaches to Resilient Emotion Regulation Neurodevelopment in a South African Birth Cohort
Yates T, Sigwebela S, Seedat S, Milham M, du Plessis S, Abramson L, Niemiec E, Worthman C, Rotheram-Borus M, Salum G, Franco A, Zuanazzi A, Ahmed F, Gemmell K, Christodoulou J, Mhlaba N, Mqhele N, Ngalimane N, Sambudla A, Tottenham N, Tomlinson M. Investigative Approaches to Resilient Emotion Regulation Neurodevelopment in a South African Birth Cohort. Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science 2025, 5: 100457. PMID: 40144514, PMCID: PMC11938085, DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100457.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSouth African birth cohortAfrican birth cohortEmotion regulationMiddle-income countriesBirth cohortNeurobiology of resilienceSelf-report measuresMagnetic resonance imagingMental health problemsNeurodevelopmental correlatesFunctional neurobiologyResonance imagingMental healthLongitudinal time pointsLow-incomeTime pointsHealth problemsDevelopmental historyAdolescent resilienceAnalytic planCohortNeurodevelopmentRegulate neurodevelopmentAdolescentsAdversityAssociation of delayed asthma diagnosis with asthma exacerbations in children
Wi C, Ryu E, King K, Kwon J, Bublitz J, Park M, Chiarella S, Greenwood J, Pongdee T, Myers L, Nordlund B, Sohn S, Sagheb E, Kshatriya B, Watson D, Liu H, Sheares B, Davis C, Schulz W, Juhn Y. Association of delayed asthma diagnosis with asthma exacerbations in children. Journal Of Allergy And Clinical Immunology Global 2025, 4: 100409. PMID: 40008091, PMCID: PMC11851198, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2025.100409.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchElectronic health recordsDiagnosis of asthmaAsthma diagnosisAsthma exacerbationsRisk of AEPredetermined Asthma CriteriaDiagnosis of childhood asthmaChildhood asthma managementIncreased riskCox proportional hazards modelsIncreased risk of AECare qualityAsthma outcomesHealth recordsProportional hazards modelAsthma managementChildhood asthmaBirth cohortAsthma severityDiagnosis statusIndex dateIdentifying childrenPrimary outcomeNatural language processing algorithmsHazards model
2024
WHAT’S AGE, SEX, AND FRAILTY GOT TO DO WITH IT? USING DESIGN AND ANALYSIS TO PROVIDE POWERFUL ANSWERS
Allore H. WHAT’S AGE, SEX, AND FRAILTY GOT TO DO WITH IT? USING DESIGN AND ANALYSIS TO PROVIDE POWERFUL ANSWERS. Innovation In Aging 2024, 8: 504-504. PMCID: PMC11690411, DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igae098.1647.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUS Tobacco 21 Policies and Potential Mortality Reductions by State
Tam J, Crippen A, Friedman A, Jeon J, Colston D, Fleischer N, Vander Woude C, Boelter M, Holford T, Levy D, Meza R. US Tobacco 21 Policies and Potential Mortality Reductions by State. JAMA Health Forum 2024, 5: e244445. PMID: 39705045, PMCID: PMC11662258, DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4445.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPotential mortality reductionT21 policiesMortality reductionPremature deathEstimate smoking-attributable deathsLife yearsT21 lawsSmoking-attributable deathsTobacco-21 policiesPremature mortality reductionQuasi-experimental studyPolicy coverageState-specific dataDistrict of ColumbiaMortality rateTobacco 21Smoking cessationMain OutcomesSmoking initiationBirth cohortTobacco productsSmoking behaviorStatewide implementationCigarette policiesSmokingCost-Effectiveness of Universal Duffy Testing at 9-12 Months: An Effort Towards Equity in Interpreting Absolute Neutrophil Counts (ANC)
Merz L, Ito S, Walkovich K, Achebe M, Van Havre N, Frustace P, Goshua G. Cost-Effectiveness of Universal Duffy Testing at 9-12 Months: An Effort Towards Equity in Interpreting Absolute Neutrophil Counts (ANC). Blood 2024, 144: 162. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2024-202605.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIncremental net monetary benefitAbsolute neutrophil countWork-upBirth cohortBase-caseCenters for Medicare & Medicaid ServicesMitigate patient harmCost-effective strategyUniversal testingUS health system perspectiveThreshold sensitivity analysisDiscounted quality-adjusted life yearsInfectious work-upHealth system perspectiveNo testBone marrow biopsyIncreased risk of infectionCross-sectional studyAnti-neutrophil antibodiesDiagnostic work-upQuality-adjusted life yearsUniversal testing strategiesUnited StatesCost-effectiveMarkov cohort modelThe extent and burden of high multimorbidity on older adults in the US: a descriptive analysis of Medicare beneficiaries
Dorr D, Markwardt S, Bobo M, Allore H, Botoseneanu A, Newsom J, Nagel C, Quiñones A. The extent and burden of high multimorbidity on older adults in the US: a descriptive analysis of Medicare beneficiaries. BMC Geriatrics 2024, 24: 777. PMID: 39304796, PMCID: PMC11414248, DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05329-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh multimorbidityMultimorbidity levelOlder adultsHigher levels of multimorbidityHealth and Retirement Study dataAssociated with sociodemographic characteristicsWell-being of older adultsLevels of multimorbidityProgression of multimorbidityImpact of multimorbidityBurden of multimorbidityHigher healthcare utilizationRetirement Study dataYounger birth cohortsMultimorbidity groupsHealthcare utilizationLower educationNon-HispanicMultimorbiditySociodemographic characteristicsMedicare beneficiariesSocioeconomic statusHealth indicatorsBirth cohortChronic diseasesTrends in Invasive Melanoma Thickness in Norway, 1983-2019.
Rimal R, Robsahm T, Green A, Ghiasvand R, Rueegg C, Bassarova A, Gjersvik P, Weiderpass E, Aalen O, Møller B, Perrier F, Veierød M. Trends in Invasive Melanoma Thickness in Norway, 1983-2019. Acta Dermato Venereologica 2024, 104: adv26110. PMID: 39221835, DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v104.26110.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term incidence trendsCancer Registry of NorwayIncidence time trendsTumor thicknessCancer RegistryIncidence trendsBirth cohortTime trendsPrevention strategiesMelanoma occurrenceAge groupsMelanoma RegistryT categoryMelanoma thicknessT1 melanomasPathology reportsYounger patientsAnatomical sitesIncreased incidenceMelanomaSex differencesTumorIncidencePatientsMenSmoking patterns by birth cohort in Argentina: an age-period-cohort population-based modeling study
Salgado M, Mok Y, Jeon J, Jaffri M, Tam J, Holford T, Sánchez-Romero L, Meza R, Mejia R. Smoking patterns by birth cohort in Argentina: an age-period-cohort population-based modeling study. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2024, 36: 100823. PMID: 39006127, PMCID: PMC11246057, DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100823.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCurrent smoking prevalenceSmoking prevalenceBirth cohortSmoking initiationCessation probabilitiesPopulation-based modelling studyTobacco control measuresRecent birth cohortsRate of quittingNationally representative surveySmoking ratesSmoking patternsYears of ageRepresentative surveySurveillance modelCancer interventionSmokingSmoking historyPrevalenceCohortGroup ageBirthInterventionCessationAgeAssociations of maternal blood metal concentrations with plasma eicosanoids among pregnant women in Puerto Rico
Kim C, Cathey A, Park S, Watkins D, Mukherjee B, Rosario-Pabón Z, Vélez-Vega C, Alshawabkeh A, Cordero J, Meeker J. Associations of maternal blood metal concentrations with plasma eicosanoids among pregnant women in Puerto Rico. The Science Of The Total Environment 2024, 928: 172295. PMID: 38588744, DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172295.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdverse birth outcomesSex-specific associationsBirth outcomesBlood metal concentrationsMetal concentrationsPregnant womenInfant sexEicosanoid profileMetal exposurePlasma eicosanoidsWeeks of pregnancyDecreased concentrations of CdConcentrations of CdConcentrations of CuEffect modificationRegulating inflammatory responsesBirth cohortAssessed associationsAssociated with increased concentrationsPregnancy outcomesFemale fetusesEffect sizeInflammatory activitySignificant associationInflammatory responseCausal Pathways Between the Acute Experience of Violence During Pregnancy and Fetal Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Cohort Study
Blumrich L, Silva L, Barreto V, Rohde L, Polanczyk G, Miguel E, Grisi S, Fleitlich-Bilyk B, Ferraro A. Causal Pathways Between the Acute Experience of Violence During Pregnancy and Fetal Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Cohort Study. Journal Of Women's Health 2024, 33: 765-773. PMID: 38551182, DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2023.0645.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIntrauterine growth restrictionAssociated with intrauterine growth restrictionGrowth restrictionProspective population-based birth cohortCausal pathwaysFetal intrauterine growth restrictionPopulation-based birth cohortExperiences of violenceNegative health consequencesAcute experimentsHealth consequences of violenceEmergency careGestational depressionGestational trimesterLow birthweightBirth cohortAlcohol consumptionCohort studyBlood pressurePregnancyConsequences of violencePath analysis modelMediation analysisCohortAdequate fitOrganochlorine pesticides and risk of papillary thyroid cancer in U.S. military personnel: a nested case-control study
Rusiecki J, McAdam J, Denic-Roberts H, Sjodin A, Davis M, Jones R, Hoang T, Ward M, Ma S, Zhang Y. Organochlorine pesticides and risk of papillary thyroid cancer in U.S. military personnel: a nested case-control study. Environmental Health 2024, 23: 28. PMID: 38504322, PMCID: PMC10949709, DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01068-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPapillary thyroid cancer riskNested case-control studyPapillary thyroid cancerCase-control studyOdds ratioBody mass index categoriesOrganochlorine pesticidesConfidence intervalsFindings of increased riskRisk of papillary thyroid cancerConditional logistic regressionPre-diagnostic serum samplesIndividually-matched controlsThyroid cancerFollicular variant papillary thyroid cancerSerum concentrationsVariant papillary thyroid cancerEffect modificationU.S. military personnelBirth cohortPapillary thyroid cancer casesBirth yearIndex categoriesDecreased riskEffects of organochlorine pesticidesDecreasing alloimmunization‐specific mortality in sickle cell disease in the United States: Cost‐effectiveness of a shared transfusion resource
Ito S, Pandya A, Hauser R, Krishnamurti L, Stites E, Tormey C, Krumholz H, Hendrickson J, Goshua G. Decreasing alloimmunization‐specific mortality in sickle cell disease in the United States: Cost‐effectiveness of a shared transfusion resource. American Journal Of Hematology 2024, 99: 570-576. PMID: 38279581, DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27211.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSickle cell diseaseDelayed hemolytic transfusion reactionQuality-adjusted life expectancyAlloimmunized patientsPatient populationRed blood cell alloimmunizationCell diseaseCost-effective interventionMedical expenditure of patientsHealth system perspectiveExpenditure of patientsIncremental cost-effectiveness ratioHemolytic transfusion reactionsUnited StatesMarkov cohort simulationCost-effectiveAverage patient populationCost-effectiveness ratioBirth cohortAnalytical time horizonAntibody historyCohort simulationTransfusionTransfusion reactionsLife expectancyBreast cancer incidence trends in Golestan, Iran: An age-period-cohort analysis by ethnic region, 2004-2018
Ghasemi-Kebria F, Fazel A, Semnani S, Etemadi A, Naeimi-Tabiei M, Hasanpour-Heidari S, Salamat F, Jafari-Delouie N, Sedaghat S, Sadeghzadeh H, Akbari M, Mehrjerdian M, Weiderpass E, Roshandel G, Bray F, Malekzadeh R. Breast cancer incidence trends in Golestan, Iran: An age-period-cohort analysis by ethnic region, 2004-2018. Cancer Epidemiology 2024, 89: 102525. PMID: 38228040, DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102525.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAge-standardized incidence rateAge-period-cohortIncidence rate ratiosAge-period-cohort analysisIncidence trendsCalculated age-standardized incidence ratesBreast cancer incidence trendsTrends of breast cancerCohort effectsNon-linear cohort effectsIncidence rateFemale breast cancer casesCancer incidence trendsBreast cancer incidenceAnnual percentage changeIncreased IRRsRural areasBreast cancer casesBreast cancerCancer incidenceDiagnosis yearReproductive factorsBirth cohortCancer casesRate ratiosDifferential patterns of reproductive and lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer according to birth cohorts among women in China, Japan and Korea
Nabila S, Choi J, Abe S, Islam M, Rahman M, Saito E, Shin A, Merritt M, Katagiri R, Shu X, Sawada N, Tamakoshi A, Sakata R, Hozawa A, Kim J, Nagata C, Park S, Kweon S, Cai H, Tsugane S, Kimura T, Kanemura S, Sugawara Y, Wada K, Shin M, Ahsan H, Boffetta P, Chia K, Matsuo K, Qiao Y, Rothman N, Zheng W, Inoue M, Kang D. Differential patterns of reproductive and lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer according to birth cohorts among women in China, Japan and Korea. Breast Cancer Research 2024, 26: 15. PMID: 38254178, PMCID: PMC10801993, DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01766-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer riskBirth cohortCancer riskCohort studyLifestyle factorsRates of breast cancer incidenceRisk of breast cancerAlcohol consumptionHazard ratioAssociated with breast cancerBreast cancerBreast cancer incidenceLifestyle risk factorsEffect sizeConfidence intervalsBirth cohort effectsYounger birth cohortsBirth cohort groupsCohort groupCancer incidenceCox proportional hazards regression analysisProportional hazards regression analysisParous womenCohort effectsHazards regression analysis
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