2000
High-Efficiency, Long-Term Cardiac Expression of Foreign Genes in Living Mouse Embryos and Neonates
Christensen G, Minamisawa S, Gruber P, Wang Y, Chien K. High-Efficiency, Long-Term Cardiac Expression of Foreign Genes in Living Mouse Embryos and Neonates. Circulation 2000, 101: 178-184. PMID: 10637206, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.101.2.178.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMouse myocardiumDirect intracardiac injectionAdult mouse myocardiumCardiac gene transferNeonatal miceIntracardiac injectionInfected myocytesMicrosurgical approachFunctional assessmentGene transfer strategiesCardiac expressionVentricular cavityVivo gene transferNormal physiological functionCardiac ventriclesGene transferMurine heartGene expressionPattern of expressionMyocardiumRecombinant adenovirusGene ablationAdenovirus vectorLong-term foreign gene expressionCardiac wall
1998
Downregulation of atrial markers during cardiac chamber morphogenesis is irreversible in murine embryos
Gruber P, Kubalak S, Chien K. Downregulation of atrial markers during cardiac chamber morphogenesis is irreversible in murine embryos. Development 1998, 125: 4427-4438. PMID: 9778502, DOI: 10.1242/dev.125.22.4427.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiac chamber morphogenesisChamber morphogenesisMurine embryosChamber specificationMLC-2aOnset of cardiogenesisVentricular chamber maturationMuscle cell lineageWild-type embryosVentricular chamber morphogenesisWild-type backgroundMuscle cellsAtrial markersCritical signaling eventDistinct tissue typesChamber maturationMyosin light chain 2Ventricular muscle cellsVertebrate cardiogenesisLight chain 2Signaling eventsAtrial myosin light chain 2Mechanistic dissectionAlpha-myosin heavy chainCell lineages
1997
Developmental expression of the murine spliceosome‐associated protein mSAP49
Ruiz‐Lozano P, Doevendans P, Brown A, Gruber P, Chien K. Developmental expression of the murine spliceosome‐associated protein mSAP49. Developmental Dynamics 1997, 208: 482-490. PMID: 9097020, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0177(199704)208:4<482::aid-aja4>3.0.co;2-e.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRNA recognition motifTissue-specific splicingBasic C-terminusAmino acid sequencePeak of expressionHuman spliceosomeSpliceosome componentsSitu hybridization analysisMouse homologueRecognition motifRNA stabilizationAcid sequenceCardiac developmentC-terminusMouse embryosN-terminusNorthern analysisEmbryonic tissuesDevelopmental expressionHybridization analysisDay 11.5Optic vesicleMRNA distributionDay 13.5Spliceosome
1996
RXR alpha deficiency confers genetic susceptibility for aortic sac, conotruncal, atrioventricular cushion, and ventricular muscle defects in mice.
Gruber P, Kubalak S, Pexieder T, Sucov H, Evans R, Chien K. RXR alpha deficiency confers genetic susceptibility for aortic sac, conotruncal, atrioventricular cushion, and ventricular muscle defects in mice. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1996, 98: 1332-1343. PMID: 8823298, PMCID: PMC507559, DOI: 10.1172/jci118920.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsEndocardial Cushion DefectsFetal HeartHeart Defects, CongenitalHeart Septal Defects, VentricularIn Situ HybridizationMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, Mutant StrainsMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningModels, BiologicalMusclesPeptide BiosynthesisPeptidesReceptors, Retinoic AcidTruncus Arteriosus, PersistentConceptsCardiac morphogenesisRXR alphaAtrioventricular cushionsHuman congenital heartMuscle defectsNormal cardiac morphogenesisDisease susceptibility genesEmbryonic day 13.5Gene dosage effectEmbryonic day 14.5Homozygous embryosAlpha mutant miceMorphogenic defectsHeterozygous embryosMLC-2aDosage effectAnatomic phenotypesDay 13.5EmbryosDay 14.5MorphogenesisPhenotypeDouble outlet right ventricleIntermediate phenotypesRidge defectsThe molecular genetics of retinoic acid receptors: cardiovascular and limb development.
Sucov H, Lou J, Gruber P, Kubalak S, Dyson E, Gumeringer C, Lee R, Moles S, Chien K, Giguere V, Evans R. The molecular genetics of retinoic acid receptors: cardiovascular and limb development. Biochemical Society Symposia 1996, 62: 143-56. PMID: 8971347.Peer-Reviewed Original Research