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Lubna Pal

MBBS, FACOG, MS
Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences; Vice Chair for Education, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences; Director, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Program; Director, Menopause Program

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Lubna Pal, MBBS, FACOG, MS
Yale Medicine

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Research Summary

  1. Ovarian reserve refers to the number of eggs available in the ovaries at any given age. While a decline in ovarian reserve with aging is clinically appreciable from mid 30's, as reflected by reduced likelihood to achieve pregnancy and increased risk of pregnancy losses, this process may be accelerated in some women. Our preliminary data sugest that declining ovarian reserve in premenopausal women is accompanied by deterioration in certain health parameters including the skeleton and surrogate markers for risk of cardiovascular disease.
  2. Role of vitamin D insufficiency in reproductive physiology is suggested: Our preliminary data suggest that pregnancy rates following in vitro fertilization may be influenced by patient's vitamin D status.
  3. Vitamin D insufficiency may be contributory to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Ongoing clinical trial will hopefully clarify this hypothesis

Specialized Terms: Decline in ovarian reserve and multisystem implications thereof; Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic implications; Menopause; Vitamin D and Reproductive Function

Extensive Research Description

1. Ovarian reserve refers to the number of eggs available in the ovaries at any given age. While a decline in ovarian reserve with aging is clinically appreciable from mid 30's, as reflected by reduced likelihood to achieve pregnancy and increased risk of pregnancy losses, this process may be accelerated in some women. Our preliminary data sugest that declining ovarian reserve in premenopausal women is accompanied by deterioration in certain health parameters including the skeleton and surrogate markers for risk of cardiovascular disease.

2. Role of vitamin D insufficiency in reproductive physiology is suggested: Our preliminary data suggest that pregnancy rates following in vitro fertilization may be influenced by patient's vitamin D status.

3. Vitamin D insufficiency may be contributory to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Ongoing clinical trial will hopefully clarify this hypothesis.1. Role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Ongoing unblinded 3 month trial of vitamin D and Calcium supplementation to assess effects on glucose and insulin homeostasis.

2. Endometrial effects of Metformin in women with PCOS.



Coauthors

Research Interests

Gynecology; Menopause; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Vitamin D; Premenopause; Reproductive Medicine

Selected Publications

  • Associations between pituitary-ovarian hormones and cognition in recently menopausal women independent of type of hormone therapyKling J, Dowling N, Bimonte-Nelson H, Gleason C, Kantarci K, Stonnington C, Harman S, Naftolin F, Pal L, Cedars M, Manson J, James T, Brinton E, Miller V. Associations between pituitary-ovarian hormones and cognition in recently menopausal women independent of type of hormone therapy Maturitas 2023, 167: 113-122. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.10.002.
  • Improving Preparedness of Emergency Medicine Residents in the Management Postpartum Hemorrhage: a randomized controlled study of two pedagogical approachesCasper S, Kayani T, Galerneau F, Evans L, Pal L. Improving Preparedness of Emergency Medicine Residents in the Management Postpartum Hemorrhage: a randomized controlled study of two pedagogical approaches International Journal Of Gynecology & Obstetrics 2022 PMID: 36527258, DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14631.
  • FSH (and LH) in ovarian stimulation—Does the dose matter for cycle success?Kuokkanen S, Pal L. FSH (and LH) in ovarian stimulation—Does the dose matter for cycle success? Fertility And Sterility 2022 PMID: 36529184, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.12.019.
  • Associations between pituitary-ovarian hormones and cognition in recently menopausal women independent of type of hormone therapyKling J, Dowling N, Bimonte-Nelson H, Gleason C, Kantarci K, Stonnington C, Harman S, Naftolin F, Pal L, Cedars M, Manson J, James T, Brinton E, Miller V. Associations between pituitary-ovarian hormones and cognition in recently menopausal women independent of type of hormone therapy Maturitas 2022, 167: 113-122. PMID: 36395695, DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.10.002.
  • CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS IN LATE MENOPAUSE- INCIDENCE AND CLINICOPATHOLOGIC FEATURESMahabamunuge J, Pal L, Parkash V. CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS IN LATE MENOPAUSE- INCIDENCE AND CLINICOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES Fertility And Sterility 2022, 118: e64. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.199.
  • RELATIONSHIP OF ANTITHYROID ANTIBODIES AND TSH TO INFERTILITY PHENOTYPES AND OUTCOMESSeungdamrong A, Pal L, Kuokkanen S, Lieman H, Wild R, Sun F, Zhang H, Diamond M, Legro R, Santoro N. RELATIONSHIP OF ANTITHYROID ANTIBODIES AND TSH TO INFERTILITY PHENOTYPES AND OUTCOMES Fertility And Sterility 2022, 118: e103. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.311.
  • RACIAL DISPARITIES IN OUTCOMES OF PREGNANCIES RESULTING FROM PGT-A SINGLE BLASTOCYST TRANSFER - ANALYSIS OF 79, 416 FROZEN-EMBRYO TRANSFER CYLCES IN SART CORSPal L, Akerman M, Kuokkanen S. RACIAL DISPARITIES IN OUTCOMES OF PREGNANCIES RESULTING FROM PGT-A SINGLE BLASTOCYST TRANSFER - ANALYSIS OF 79, 416 FROZEN-EMBRYO TRANSFER CYLCES IN SART CORS Fertility And Sterility 2022, 118: e204. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.579.
  • PREGNANCY OUTCOMES OF SINGLE PGT-A (PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC TESTING FOR ANEUPLOIDY) TESTED FROZEN EMBRYO TRANSFER CYCLES IN WOMEN WITH PCOS – ANALYSIS OF 79,416 CYCLES FROM SART CORS DATABASEKuokkanen S, Akerman M, Pal L. PREGNANCY OUTCOMES OF SINGLE PGT-A (PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC TESTING FOR ANEUPLOIDY) TESTED FROZEN EMBRYO TRANSFER CYCLES IN WOMEN WITH PCOS – ANALYSIS OF 79,416 CYCLES FROM SART CORS DATABASE Fertility And Sterility 2022, 118: e284. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.791.
  • ABNORMAL PLACENTATION IN ART PREGNANCIES- PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORSEsencan E, Pal L. ABNORMAL PLACENTATION IN ART PREGNANCIES- PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS Fertility And Sterility 2022, 118: e256. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.720.
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome and black race are associated with increased blood pressureOkifo N, Pal L, Mushi M, Stachenfeld N. Polycystic ovary syndrome and black race are associated with increased blood pressure The FASEB Journal 2022, 36 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3724.
  • Training Emergency Department Residents in the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage: Comparison of Two Approaches [A183]Casper S, Ray J, Galerneau F, Evans L, Slade M, Pal L. Training Emergency Department Residents in the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage: Comparison of Two Approaches [A183] Obstetrics And Gynecology 2022, 139: 53s-53s. DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000826008.96835.61.
  • Emerging Concepts: Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Pathogenesis of PCOSSimpson S, Pal L, Seifer D. Emerging Concepts: Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Pathogenesis of PCOS 2022, 489-509. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92589-5_24.
  • Surgical Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Contemporary Viewpoint on Place of Ovarian Surgery in PCOS ManagementTaylor-Giorlando M, Pal L. Surgical Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Contemporary Viewpoint on Place of Ovarian Surgery in PCOS Management 2022, 363-374. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92589-5_18.
  • Waist‐hip ratio as a moderator of the effects of hormone therapy on cognitive function in recently menopausal womenJames T, Dowling N, Simó C, Zuelsdorff M, Bouges S, Lambrou N, Van Hulle C, Johnson A, Wyman M, Salazar H, Umucu E, Kara F, Manson J, Brinton E, Cedars M, Lobo R, Neal‐Perry G, Santoro N, Naftolin F, Harman S, Pal L, Miller V, Kantarci K, Gleason C. Waist‐hip ratio as a moderator of the effects of hormone therapy on cognitive function in recently menopausal women Alzheimer's & Dementia 2021, 17 DOI: 10.1002/alz.056539.
  • Analysis of pleiotropic genetic effects on cognitive decline and systemic inflammation in the Women’s Health Initiative Memory StudyLutz M, Brown M, Kucgibhatla M, Plassman B, Saldana S, Snively B, Chen J, Henderson V, Manson J, Pal L, Shadyab A, Rapp S, Hayden K. Analysis of pleiotropic genetic effects on cognitive decline and systemic inflammation in the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study Alzheimer's & Dementia 2021, 17 DOI: 10.1002/alz.050784.
  • Hirsutism and HyperandrogenismIkhena D, Pal L. Hirsutism and Hyperandrogenism 2021 DOI: 10.2310/im.1058.
  • ASSOCIATION BETWEEN URINARY TRICLOSAN LEVELS AND AGE OF MENARCHE: ANALYSES OF NHANES (2003-2016) DATABeroukhim G, Kayani J, Taylor H, Pal L. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN URINARY TRICLOSAN LEVELS AND AGE OF MENARCHE: ANALYSES OF NHANES (2003-2016) DATA Fertility And Sterility 2021, 116: e406. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.07.1084.
  • HIGH LEVELS OF URINARY TRICLOSAN ASSOCIATED WITH INFERTILITY: ANALYSES OF NHANES (2013-2016) DATABeroukhim G, Kayani J, Taylor H, Pal L. HIGH LEVELS OF URINARY TRICLOSAN ASSOCIATED WITH INFERTILITY: ANALYSES OF NHANES (2013-2016) DATA Fertility And Sterility 2021, 116: e90. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.07.250.
  • PREDICTORS OF PREECLAMPSIA IN IVF PREGNANCIES: PERI-IMPLANTATION BETA-HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN AND ENDOMETRIOSISWesevich V, Kayani J, Daggula K, Pal L. PREDICTORS OF PREECLAMPSIA IN IVF PREGNANCIES: PERI-IMPLANTATION BETA-HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN AND ENDOMETRIOSIS Fertility And Sterility 2021, 116: e242. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.07.652.
  • Amenorrhea and Abnormal Uterine BleedingCollins S, Martin J, Pal L. Amenorrhea and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding 2021, 525-541. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-75385-6_49.
  • Impaired Cardiovagal Baroreflex in Black Women with AE‐PCOSChiles M, Stone T, Leone C, Pal L, Stachenfeld N. Impaired Cardiovagal Baroreflex in Black Women with AE‐PCOS The FASEB Journal 2021, 35 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02432.
  • Androgen Effects on Baroreflex Sensitivity in Women with AE‐PCOSStone T, Chiles M, Leone C, Pal L, Stachenfeld N. Androgen Effects on Baroreflex Sensitivity in Women with AE‐PCOS The FASEB Journal 2021, 35 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.04149.
  • IUI AFTER LH SURGE: HOW SOON IS TOO SOON?Simpson S, Pal L. IUI AFTER LH SURGE: HOW SOON IS TOO SOON? Fertility And Sterility 2020, 114: e224. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.08.629.
  • MATERNAL SERUM Β-HCG LEVELS IN THE PERI-IMPLANTATION PERIOD ARE PREDICTIVE OF RISK FOR 3rd TRIMESTER HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS IN IVF PREGNANCIESSimpson S, Guller S, Pal L. MATERNAL SERUM Β-HCG LEVELS IN THE PERI-IMPLANTATION PERIOD ARE PREDICTIVE OF RISK FOR 3rd TRIMESTER HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS IN IVF PREGNANCIES Fertility And Sterility 2020, 114: e187. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.08.532.
  • Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) is significantly lower at early implantation in twin versus singleton pregnanciesSimpson S, Kaislasuo J, Peng G, Aldo P, Paidas M, Guller S, Mor G, Pal L. Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) is significantly lower at early implantation in twin versus singleton pregnancies Fertility And Sterility 2019, 112: e104. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.392.
  • Menopause and fertility- a contradictionPal L. Menopause and fertility- a contradiction Maturitas 2019, 124: 127. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.04.059.
  • Chronic Endometritis: A Prevalent Yet Poorly Understood Entity [23H]Margulies S, Flores V, Parkash V, Pal L. Chronic Endometritis: A Prevalent Yet Poorly Understood Entity [23H] Obstetrics And Gynecology 2019, 133: 90s-90s. DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000558762.97122.17.
  • Polycystic ovarian syndromePal L, Pathy S. Polycystic ovarian syndrome 2018, 117-129. DOI: 10.1002/9781119072980.ch12.
  • An interdisciplinary approach to improving the understanding of diagnostic and management dilemmas surrounding chronic endometritisMargulies S, Flores V, Parkash V, Pal L. An interdisciplinary approach to improving the understanding of diagnostic and management dilemmas surrounding chronic endometritis Fertility And Sterility 2018, 110: e239. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.685.
  • Premature ovarian aging is a risk factor for bruxismKayani T, Bunn T, Pal L. Premature ovarian aging is a risk factor for bruxism Fertility And Sterility 2018, 110: e150-e151. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.445.
  • Chapter 43 Role in Reproductive Biology and Reproductive Dysfunction in WomenPal L, Taylor H. Chapter 43 Role in Reproductive Biology and Reproductive Dysfunction in Women 2018, 783-795. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-809965-0.00043-4.
  • Latent and genital tuberculosis in the infertile population in US - experience at an academic fertility center in the north east underscores a need for vigilanceTal R, Simoni M, Pal L. Latent and genital tuberculosis in the infertile population in US - experience at an academic fertility center in the north east underscores a need for vigilance Fertility And Sterility 2017, 108: e117-e118. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.360.
  • Sexual function, dysfunction and effect of aging in women with PCOSCzyzyk A, Rojewska P, Szeliga A, Podfigurna A, Pal L. Sexual function, dysfunction and effect of aging in women with PCOS Maturitas 2017, 100: 128. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.277.
  • Evolving endocrine and metabolic milieu of PCOS with agingCzyzyk A, Podfigurna A, Meczekalski B, Pal L. Evolving endocrine and metabolic milieu of PCOS with aging Maturitas 2017, 100: 125. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.270.
  • Reproductive Aging: Epidemiology, Symptomatology, and NomenclatureKuokkanen S, Pal L. Reproductive Aging: Epidemiology, Symptomatology, and Nomenclature 2017, 3-12. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42451-4_1.
  • Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors: a single institution experience and review of the literature.Gressel G, Buza N, Pal L. Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors: a single institution experience and review of the literature. European Journal Of Gynaecological Oncology 2017, 38: 214-220. PMID: 29953783.
  • Ovarian Sertoli Leydig cell tumors: a single institution series of predominantly postmenopausal women.Gressel G, Buza N, Pal L. Ovarian Sertoli Leydig cell tumors: a single institution series of predominantly postmenopausal women. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2016, 34: e17052-e17052. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.e17052.
  • Salpingostomy Versus Salpingectomy for Tubal Ectopic PregnancyKhatlani K, Sood A, Yoder N, Dabaja A, Pal L, Duke C. Salpingostomy Versus Salpingectomy for Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy Obstetrics And Gynecology 2016, 127: 61s. DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000483893.12966.3f.
  • Predictors of Scalp Hair Thinning in Women with Polycystic Ovary SyndromeIkhena D, Williams J, Naqvi N, Pal L. Predictors of Scalp Hair Thinning in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome US Endocrinology 2016, 12: 26. DOI: 10.17925/use.2016.12.01.26.
  • Authors' reply: Communicating evidence-based practice in menopauseDavis S, Santoro N, Lambrinoudaki I, Lumsden M, Mishra G, Pal L, Rees M, Simoncini T. Authors' reply: Communicating evidence-based practice in menopause Nature Reviews Disease Primers 2015, 1: 15032. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.32.
  • Geographical variability in outcome of donor egg IVF suggests ecological implications for ART success. a retrospective cohort analysis of 71, 182 donor egg IVF cyclesMoustafa S, Skrip L, Mutlu L, Pal L. Geographical variability in outcome of donor egg IVF suggests ecological implications for ART success. a retrospective cohort analysis of 71, 182 donor egg IVF cycles Fertility And Sterility 2015, 104: e138. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.427.
  • Postmenopausal EndocrinologySantoro N, Pal L. Postmenopausal Endocrinology Endocrinology And Metabolism Clinics Of North America 2015, 44: i. DOI: 10.1016/s0889-8529(15)00070-5.
  • Predictors of salpingostomy versus salpingectomy for surgical management of tubal ectopic pregnancy: do racial disparities exist?Duke C, Dun E, Sood A, Pal L, Dabaja A. Predictors of salpingostomy versus salpingectomy for surgical management of tubal ectopic pregnancy: do racial disparities exist? Fertility And Sterility 2015, 104: e82. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.252.
  • MenopauseDavis S, Lambrinoudaki I, Lumsden M, Mishra G, Pal L, Rees M, Santoro N, Simoncini T. Menopause Reproductive Endocrinology 2015, 0: 77. DOI: 10.18370/2309-4117.2015.22.77-84.
  • GnRH-agonist Ovulation Induction May Be Insufficient to Trigger Follicular Maturation in the Patient with Hypothalamic HypogonadismGrechukhina O, Duke C, Kallen A, Grant S, Patrizio P, Pal L. GnRH-agonist Ovulation Induction May Be Insufficient to Trigger Follicular Maturation in the Patient with Hypothalamic Hypogonadism Fertility And Sterility 2015, 103: e22-e23. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.12.038.
  • Racial differences in fertility knowledge and awareness amongst reproductive age women in the u.sYano J, Lundsberg L, Pal L. Racial differences in fertility knowledge and awareness amongst reproductive age women in the u.s Fertility And Sterility 2014, 102: e241-e242. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.820.
  • Racial differential in fertility related subjective burden amongst reproductive age women in the u.sYano J, Lundsberg L, Pal L. Racial differential in fertility related subjective burden amongst reproductive age women in the u.s Fertility And Sterility 2014, 102: e242. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.821.
  • Urinary bispenol a and breast cancer: nhanes 2005-2010Fischer C, Lundsberg L, Pal L. Urinary bispenol a and breast cancer: nhanes 2005-2010 Fertility And Sterility 2014, 102: e272-e273. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.927.
  • Subjective perception of hair excess reliably predicts objective hirsutism in women with PCOSKeefe K, Khan M, Alaparth S, Snegovskikh V, Williams J, Pal L. Subjective perception of hair excess reliably predicts objective hirsutism in women with PCOS Fertility And Sterility 2014, 102: e260. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.885.
  • Polycystic Ovary SyndromePal L, Keefe K. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2014 DOI: 10.2310/im.1251.
  • Day 3 FSH is inversely correlated with serum DHEAS level in patients undergoing IVFIkhena D, Kallen A, Kodaman P, Pal L. Day 3 FSH is inversely correlated with serum DHEAS level in patients undergoing IVF Fertility And Sterility 2013, 100: s508. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.209.
  • Predictors of scalp hair thinning in women with PCOSIkhena D, Williams J, Naqvi N, Pal L. Predictors of scalp hair thinning in women with PCOS Fertility And Sterility 2013, 100: s127-s128. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.1612.
  • Emerging Concepts: Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Pathogenesis of PCOSLathief S, Pal L. Emerging Concepts: Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Pathogenesis of PCOS 2013, 317-331. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8394-6_19.
  • O317 EFFECT OF MATERNAL SUPPLEMENTATION WITH VITAMIN D DURING PREGNANCY ON NEONATAL SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS AND ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTSHossain N, Kanani F, Khanani R, Ayaz S, Pal L. O317 EFFECT OF MATERNAL SUPPLEMENTATION WITH VITAMIN D DURING PREGNANCY ON NEONATAL SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS AND ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS International Journal Of Gynecology & Obstetrics 2012, 119: s372-s372. DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)60747-4.
  • Women with PCOS are no more vitamin D deficient than the general US populationPal L, Williams J, Hailpern S, Network N. Women with PCOS are no more vitamin D deficient than the general US population Fertility And Sterility 2012, 98: s64. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.228.
  • Vitamin D (VitD) status predicts PCOS related infertility treatment success: retrospective cohort analysis of 25OHD levels in stored sera from a RCT of clomid (CC) vs. metformin (M) vs. (CC+M) in PCOSPal L, Williams J, Investigators T. Vitamin D (VitD) status predicts PCOS related infertility treatment success: retrospective cohort analysis of 25OHD levels in stored sera from a RCT of clomid (CC) vs. metformin (M) vs. (CC+M) in PCOS Fertility And Sterility 2012, 98: s62. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.222.
  • Relevance of “SCOTS' PARADOX” for reproductive biology?Pal L, Kidwai N, Grant W. Relevance of “SCOTS' PARADOX” for reproductive biology? Fertility And Sterility 2012, 98: s32. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.120.
  • Reply: Blood type and ovarian reserveNejat E, Jindal S, Berger D, Buyuk E, Lalioti M, Pal L. Reply: Blood type and ovarian reserve Human Reproduction 2012, 27: 1545-1546. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des057.
  • Advances in Treatment Options for Polycystic Ovary SyndromeLathief S, Pal L. Advances in Treatment Options for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome US Endocrinology 2012, 08: 57. DOI: 10.17925/use.2012.08.01.57.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is predictive of depressive symptoms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Moore A, Naqvi S, Latif S, Setukavala D, Bevilacqua K, Pal L. Vitamin D deficiency is predictive of depressive symptoms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Fertility And Sterility 2011, 96: s11-s12. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.07.051.
  • Negative predictors of embryo quality and live birth (LB): analysis of 77,099 cycles reported to sartJindal S, Wang S, Polotsky A, McShane P, McGovern P, Pal L. Negative predictors of embryo quality and live birth (LB): analysis of 77,099 cycles reported to sart Fertility And Sterility 2011, 96: s54-s55. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.07.206.
  • Increase in art-conceived miscarriage and preterm birth rates following hurricane katrina: analysis of 104,724 cycles reported to SARTJindal S, Chuang M, Berger D, Polotsky A, Santoro N, Pal L. Increase in art-conceived miscarriage and preterm birth rates following hurricane katrina: analysis of 104,724 cycles reported to SART Fertility And Sterility 2011, 96: s283-s284. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.07.1081.
  • Chapter 39 Vitamin D Relevance in Reproductive Biology and Pathophysiological Implications in Reproductive DysfunctionPal L, Taylor H. Chapter 39 Vitamin D Relevance in Reproductive Biology and Pathophysiological Implications in Reproductive Dysfunction 2011, 695-705. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-381978-9.10039-3.
  • Predictors of spontaneous reduction (SR) in ART cycles?Sükür Y, Altun T, Pal L. Predictors of spontaneous reduction (SR) in ART cycles? Fertility And Sterility 2010, 94: s266. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.07.1024.
  • Blood type O is associated with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR)Nejat E, Jindal S, Buyuk E, Berger D, Pal L. Blood type O is associated with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) Fertility And Sterility 2010, 94: s96. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.07.404.
  • Therapeutic implications of vitamin D and calcium for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Pal L, Berry A, Coraluzzi L, Kuston E, Shaw J, Williams N. Therapeutic implications of vitamin D and calcium for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Fertility And Sterility 2010, 94: s71-s72. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.07.278.
  • Reproductive hormone dynamics identify distinctions between diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and chronological agingZhang K, Zeitlian G, Santoro N, Pal L. Reproductive hormone dynamics identify distinctions between diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and chronological aging Fertility And Sterility 2009, 92: s57. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.07.222.
  • Reply of the Authors: Less may, indeed, be less: multicollinearity in studies of ovarian reservePal L, Jindal S, Witt B, Santoro N. Reply of the Authors: Less may, indeed, be less: multicollinearity in studies of ovarian reserve Fertility And Sterility 2009, 91: e17-e18. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.106.
  • Characterizing the reproductive hormone milieu in infertile women with diminished ovarian reservePal L, Zhang K, Zeitlian G, Santoro N. Characterizing the reproductive hormone milieu in infertile women with diminished ovarian reserve Fertility And Sterility 2008, 93: 1074-1079. PMID: 19100532, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.10.069.
  • Diminished ovarian reserve in a woman with a balanced 13;21 translocationKummer N, Martin JR, Pal L. Diminished ovarian reserve in a woman with a balanced 13;21 translocation Fertility And Sterility 2008, 91: 931.e3-931.e5. PMID: 18829026, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1726.
  • Skin wrinkles and rigidity in early postmenopausal women vary by race/ethnicity: baseline characteristics of participants enrolled in the skin ancillary study of the keeps trialWolff E, Altun T, Madankumar R, Pal L, Santoro N, Taylor H. Skin wrinkles and rigidity in early postmenopausal women vary by race/ethnicity: baseline characteristics of participants enrolled in the skin ancillary study of the keeps trial Fertility And Sterility 2008, 90: s252. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1321.
  • Psychological stress: IVF facilitator or foe?Pal L, Zapantis A, Solomon H, Jindal S, Nihsen M, Bevilacqua K. Psychological stress: IVF facilitator or foe? Fertility And Sterility 2008, 90: s10-s11. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.345.
  • The ‘muffin test’ – a potential alternative to formal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for the detection of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)Traub M, Jain A, Maslow B, Pal L, Stein D, Freeman R. The ‘muffin test’ – a potential alternative to formal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for the detection of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) Fertility And Sterility 2008, 90: s124-s125. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.162.
  • Age, ethnicity & endometrial thickness are independently predictive of clinical pregnancy following fresh blastocyst embryo transferTraub M, Van Arsdale A, Pal L, Jindal S. Age, ethnicity & endometrial thickness are independently predictive of clinical pregnancy following fresh blastocyst embryo transfer Fertility And Sterility 2008, 90: s401. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1405.
  • Vitamin D insufficiency in reproductive years may be contributory to ovulatory infertility and PCOSPal L, Shu J, Zeitlian G, Hickmon C. Vitamin D insufficiency in reproductive years may be contributory to ovulatory infertility and PCOS Fertility And Sterility 2008, 90: s14. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.382.
  • Down regulation of the IGF gene family in human luteinized granulosa cells (GC): a distinct ‘genomic signature’ of diminished ovarian reserve?Jindal S, Greenseid K, Bat-Sheva M, Hurwitz J, Santoro N, Pal L. Down regulation of the IGF gene family in human luteinized granulosa cells (GC): a distinct ‘genomic signature’ of diminished ovarian reserve? Fertility And Sterility 2008, 90: s266. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1246.
  • Gender “tailored” conceptions: should the option of embryo gender selection be available to infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology?Merhi Z, Pal L. Gender “tailored” conceptions: should the option of embryo gender selection be available to infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology? Journal Of Medical Ethics 2008, 34: 590. PMID: 18667646, DOI: 10.1136/jme.2007.022079.
  • Estrogens and Human DiseasesH.Leon BradlowGiuseppeCarrubaAnnals of the NY Academy of Sciencesvol. 1089Nov 2007Blackwell North America550 pp, $145 US DollarsPal L. Estrogens and Human DiseasesH.Leon BradlowGiuseppeCarrubaAnnals of the NY Academy of Sciencesvol. 1089Nov 2007Blackwell North America550 pp, $145 US Dollars Journal Of Neuroimmunology 2008, 196: 192-193. DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.02.013.
  • Simple Tools for Assessment of Ovarian Reserve (OR): Individual Ovarian Dimensions Are Reliable Predictors of ORBowen S, Norian J, Santoro N, Pal L. Simple Tools for Assessment of Ovarian Reserve (OR): Individual Ovarian Dimensions Are Reliable Predictors of OR Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 2008, 63: 98-99. DOI: 10.1097/01.ogx.0000300473.00069.0f.
  • Three or more prior COH cycles: a poor prognostic predictor for 1st IVF-ET cycle in patients with unexplained infertility (UI)Lederman M, Chuang M, Jindal S, Pal L, Polotsky A, Santoro N. Three or more prior COH cycles: a poor prognostic predictor for 1st IVF-ET cycle in patients with unexplained infertility (UI) Fertility And Sterility 2007, 88: s148-s149. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.474.
  • Differential cumulus cell gene expression in young women with diminished ovarian reserveGreenseid K, Jindal S, Nihsen M, Hurwitz J, Santoro N, Pal L. Differential cumulus cell gene expression in young women with diminished ovarian reserve Fertility And Sterility 2007, 88: s66. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.225.
  • Declining ovarian reserve adversely influences granulosa cell viabilityGreenseid K, Jindal S, Zapantis A, Nihsen M, Hurwitz J, Pal L. Declining ovarian reserve adversely influences granulosa cell viability Fertility And Sterility 2007, 88: s106-s107. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.344.
  • Dysphoric mood: a positive predictive factor for IVF success?Solomon H, Nannapeneni J, Zapantis A, Bevilaqua K, Santoro N, Pal L. Dysphoric mood: a positive predictive factor for IVF success? Fertility And Sterility 2007, 88: s84. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.279.
  • Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR)…it is not just about fertilityPal L, Zeitlian G, Shu J, Hickmon C, Bevilacqua K, Santoro N. Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR)…it is not just about fertility Fertility And Sterility 2007, 88: s275. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.935.
  • Genetic heterogeneity underlies pathogenic mechanisms in endometrial polypsLiu Z, Niklaus A, Pollack S, Santoro N, Pollard J, Pal L. Genetic heterogeneity underlies pathogenic mechanisms in endometrial polyps Fertility And Sterility 2007, 88: s199-s200. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.683.
  • High BMI is an independent predictor of unsuccessful fresh blastocyst transferVan Arsdale A, Traub M, Jindal S, Pal L, Santoro N. High BMI is an independent predictor of unsuccessful fresh blastocyst transfer Fertility And Sterility 2007, 88: s145. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.463.
  • The Dynamics of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis, ReproductivePerformance and Sexuality Following Bariatric SurgeryMerhi Z, Pal L. The Dynamics of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis, ReproductivePerformance and Sexuality Following Bariatric Surgery Current Women's Health Reviews 2007, 3: 69-76. DOI: 10.2174/157340407779941930.
  • Adnexal massesNeal-Perry G, Pal L. Adnexal masses 2006, 55-62. DOI: 10.3109/9781420042726-6.
  • O-273 Disruption of sex ratios with IVF-ETJindal S, Zapantis A, Nihsen M, Tugetman J, Lieman H, Pal L. O-273 Disruption of sex ratios with IVF-ET Fertility And Sterility 2006, 86: s116-s117. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.311.
  • P-731 Intra-ovarian mechanisms in diminished ovarian reserve (DOR): Exploring apoptotic pathways using gene expression analysis in human luteinized granulosa cellsKuokkanen S, Hurwitz J, Santoro N, Jindal S, Pal L. P-731 Intra-ovarian mechanisms in diminished ovarian reserve (DOR): Exploring apoptotic pathways using gene expression analysis in human luteinized granulosa cells Fertility And Sterility 2006, 86: s404. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.1116.
  • O-104 Vasomotor symptoms in regularly cycling premenopausal infertile women: Heretofore unappreciated indicators of low bone mineral densityPal L, Norian J, Freeman R, Santoro N. O-104 Vasomotor symptoms in regularly cycling premenopausal infertile women: Heretofore unappreciated indicators of low bone mineral density Fertility And Sterility 2006, 86: s44. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.122.
  • P-200 Post hCG progesterone levels predict success of future FET cyclesDaif J, Polotsky A, Jindal S, Lieman H, Santoro N, Pal L. P-200 Post hCG progesterone levels predict success of future FET cycles Fertility And Sterility 2006, 86: s206. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.550.
  • O-284 Race and infertility diagnosis predict clinical pregnancy among IVF patients with elevated FSH levelsGreenseid K, Merhi Z, Jindal S, Lieman H, Santoro N, Pal L. O-284 Race and infertility diagnosis predict clinical pregnancy among IVF patients with elevated FSH levels Fertility And Sterility 2006, 86: s122. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.324.
  • P-424 Heavier birth weight associates with hair graying in premenopausal infertile womenPal L, Hailpern S, Bevilacqua K. P-424 Heavier birth weight associates with hair graying in premenopausal infertile women Fertility And Sterility 2006, 86: s293. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.784.
  • 1-Pronuclear Embryos are Independent Predictors of Clinical Pregnancy in Oocyte Donor RecipientsJain A, Esquenazi B, Jindal S, Pal L, Pollack S, Santoro N. 1-Pronuclear Embryos are Independent Predictors of Clinical Pregnancy in Oocyte Donor Recipients Fertility And Sterility 2005, 84: s268. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.695.
  • Dysthymic Mood Parameters Associate With Underlying Cause for InfertilityPal L, Bevilacqua K, Norian J, Bowen S, Skorupski J, Santoro N. Dysthymic Mood Parameters Associate With Underlying Cause for Infertility Fertility And Sterility 2005, 84: s20. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.047.
  • Successful Outcome of a Fresh Embryo Transfer Cycle is the Most Important Predictor of Success With Sibling Frozen EmbryosPolotsky A, Daif J, Jindal S, Lieman H, Santoro N, Pal L. Successful Outcome of a Fresh Embryo Transfer Cycle is the Most Important Predictor of Success With Sibling Frozen Embryos Fertility And Sterility 2005, 84: s177. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.439.
  • A Combination of Obesity and Black Race Carries the Worst Prognosis in IVF Clinical Pregnancy OutcomeNorian J, Hurwitz J, Jindal S, Lieman H, Pal L, Neal-Perry G. A Combination of Obesity and Black Race Carries the Worst Prognosis in IVF Clinical Pregnancy Outcome Fertility And Sterility 2005, 84: s249-s250. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.646.
  • Higher Reporting of Sexual Dissatisfaction by Female Partners in Couples With Male Factor InfertilityPal L, Bowen S, Bevilacqua K, Soskin L, Lederman M, Santoro N. Higher Reporting of Sexual Dissatisfaction by Female Partners in Couples With Male Factor Infertility Fertility And Sterility 2005, 84: s133. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.325.
  • Pregnancy Outcome of IVF Cycles is Unrelated to Ovarian Granulosa Cell Characteristics, But is Predicted by Progesterone (P) Elevations Post-hCGHurwitz J, Jindal S, Pal L, Santoro N. Pregnancy Outcome of IVF Cycles is Unrelated to Ovarian Granulosa Cell Characteristics, But is Predicted by Progesterone (P) Elevations Post-hCG Fertility And Sterility 2005, 84: s92. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.223.
  • Single Ovarian Measurements (Length and Width) are Independent Predictors of Ovarian ReserveBowen S, Norian J, Skorupski J, Akoma U, Santoro N, Pal L. Single Ovarian Measurements (Length and Width) are Independent Predictors of Ovarian Reserve Fertility And Sterility 2005, 84: s114. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.276.
  • Pathways mediating stimulant effects of insulin on GnRH secretion by GT1–1 neurons do not involve IGF-1 receptorPal L, Chu H, Santoro N, Adel G, Karkanias G. Pathways mediating stimulant effects of insulin on GnRH secretion by GT1–1 neurons do not involve IGF-1 receptor Fertility And Sterility 2004, 82: s279-s280. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.749.
  • Progesterone levels on the day after hCG administration are predictive of fragmentation in cleaving embryosSilverberg A, Jindal S, Cohen H, Santoro N, Pal L. Progesterone levels on the day after hCG administration are predictive of fragmentation in cleaving embryos Fertility And Sterility 2004, 82: s223. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.590.
  • Recalcitrant cervical stenosis unresponsive to traditional attempts at cervical dilatation. successful intrauterine pregnancy following frozen embryo transfer after fluoroscopically guided cervical dilatation and stentingPal L, Forcade C, Stangel J, Witt B. Recalcitrant cervical stenosis unresponsive to traditional attempts at cervical dilatation. successful intrauterine pregnancy following frozen embryo transfer after fluoroscopically guided cervical dilatation and stenting Fertility And Sterility 2003, 80: 303. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(03)01780-1.
  • Type of infertility is a prognostigator of IVF outcomePal L, Cohen H, Witt B. Type of infertility is a prognostigator of IVF outcome Fertility And Sterility 2003, 80: 172-173. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(03)01360-8.
  • Comparison of efficacy of different cryoprotectant solutions for mouse ovarian tissuePal L, Kayisli U, Ergur A, Cohen H, Mor G, Palter S. Comparison of efficacy of different cryoprotectant solutions for mouse ovarian tissue Fertility And Sterility 2003, 80: 145. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(03)01264-0.
  • Eosinophilia and Uterine LeiomyosarcomaPal L, Parkash V, Chambers J. Eosinophilia and Uterine Leiomyosarcoma Obstetrics And Gynecology 2003, 101: 1130-1132. DOI: 10.1097/00006250-200305001-00030.
  • Maximal historical FSH is a better predictor of cycle outcome than the baseline FSH for the IVF cyclePal L, Witt B. Maximal historical FSH is a better predictor of cycle outcome than the baseline FSH for the IVF cycle Fertility And Sterility 2002, 78: s135. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03742-1.
  • Pregnancy rates with IVF remain significant despite elevated maximal basal FSH levels in younger womenPal L, Cohen H, Witt B. Pregnancy rates with IVF remain significant despite elevated maximal basal FSH levels in younger women Fertility And Sterility 2002, 78: s245. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03995-x.
  • Blastomere survival during cryopreservation is directly related to pregnancy rate following FETKovacs P, Pal L, Witt B, Barad D. Blastomere survival during cryopreservation is directly related to pregnancy rate following FET Fertility And Sterility 2002, 78: s127. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03720-2.
  • Progesterone level on the day of HCG injection adversely affects blastomere survival during cryopreservationKovacs P, Pal L, Barad D. Progesterone level on the day of HCG injection adversely affects blastomere survival during cryopreservation Fertility And Sterility 2002, 78: s130-s131. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03730-5.
  • A novel approach to hysterotomy using a verres needle with an innerdyne sheath: an unusual presentation of molar pregnancy requiring hysterotomy.Pal L, Lima D, Arici A. A novel approach to hysterotomy using a verres needle with an innerdyne sheath: an unusual presentation of molar pregnancy requiring hysterotomy. Fertility And Sterility 2001, 76: s254. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02762-5.
  • Effect of a baseline ovarian cyst on the outcome of in vitro fertilization–embryo transferSegal S, Shifren J, Isaacson K, Leykin L, Chang Y, Pal L, Toth T. Effect of a baseline ovarian cyst on the outcome of in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer Fertility And Sterility 1999, 71: 274-277. PMID: 9988397, DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00449-x.
  • Malignancy may adversely influence the quality and behaviour of oocytes.Pal L, Leykin L, Schifren J, Isaacson K, Chang Y, Nikruil N, Chen Z, Toth T. Malignancy may adversely influence the quality and behaviour of oocytes. Human Reproduction 1998, 13: 1837-1840. PMID: 9740435, DOI: 10.1093/humrep/13.7.1837.
  • Impact of Varying Stages of Endometriosis on the Outcome of In Vitro Fertilization–Embryo TransferPal L, Shifren J, Isaacson K, Chang Y, Leykin L, Toth T. Impact of Varying Stages of Endometriosis on the Outcome of In Vitro Fertilization–Embryo Transfer Journal Of Assisted Reproduction And Genetics 1998, 15: 27-31. PMID: 9493063, PMCID: PMC3468198, DOI: 10.1023/a:1022574221115.
  • Outcome of IVF in DES-Exposed Daughters: Experience in the 90sPal L, Shifren J, Isaacson K, Chang Y, Marean M, Leykin L, Toth T. Outcome of IVF in DES-Exposed Daughters: Experience in the 90s Journal Of Assisted Reproduction And Genetics 1997, 14: 513-517. PMID: 9401869, PMCID: PMC3454843, DOI: 10.1023/a:1021175326230.
  • Brenner tumor in 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis.Pal L, Taylor A, Kirby R, Isaacson K. Brenner tumor in 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis. Obstetrics And Gynecology 1997, 90: 707-8. PMID: 11770612, DOI: 10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00364-5.
  • P-226 The affect of baseline ovarian cyst on the outcome in IVFSegal S, Isaacson K, Chang Y, Leykin L, Pal L, Shifren J, Toth T. P-226 The affect of baseline ovarian cyst on the outcome in IVF Fertility And Sterility 1997, 68: s200. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(97)91040-2.
  • Comparison of office hysteroscopy, transvaginal ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy in evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding.Pal L, Lapensee L, Toth T, Isaacson K. Comparison of office hysteroscopy, transvaginal ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy in evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding. JSLS Journal Of The Society Of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons 1997, 1: 125-30. PMID: 9876659, PMCID: PMC3021277.

Clinical Trials

ConditionsStudy Title
Diseases of the Endocrine SystemA Study of Safety and Efficacy of Tildacerfont in Females With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Elevated Adrenal Androgens
Women's HealthPre-IVF Treatment With a GnRH Antagonist in Women With Endometriosis (PREGnant)
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