2024
Effectiveness of glucose-lowering medications on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes at moderate cardiovascular risk
McCoy R, Herrin J, Swarna K, Deng Y, Kent D, Ross J, Umpierrez G, Galindo R, Crown W, Borah B, Montori V, Brito J, Neumiller J, Mickelson M, Polley E. Effectiveness of glucose-lowering medications on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes at moderate cardiovascular risk. Nature Cardiovascular Research 2024, 3: 431-440. PMID: 38846711, PMCID: PMC11156225, DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00453-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdverse cardiovascular eventsGlucose-lowering medicationsType 2 diabetesCardiovascular diseaseGLP-1RACardiovascular eventsGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsPeptide-1 receptor agonistsDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitorsPeptidase-4 inhibitorsRetrospective cohort studyCardiovascular disease risk reductionGlucose-lowering agentsModerate cardiovascular riskCardiovascular risk reductionReceptor agonistsEffects of glucose-lowering medicationsRisk reductionCardiovascular riskCohort studyCardiovascular outcomesHigh riskBaseline riskModerate risk
2023
Therapeutic value of first versus supplemental indications of drugs in US and Europe (2011-20): retrospective cohort study
Vokinger K, Glaus C, Kesselheim A, Serra-Burriel M, Ross J, Hwang T. Therapeutic value of first versus supplemental indications of drugs in US and Europe (2011-20): retrospective cohort study. The BMJ 2023, 382: e074166. PMID: 37407074, PMCID: PMC10320829, DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-074166.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEuropean Medicines AgencyRetrospective cohort studyCohort studyTherapeutic valueSupplemental indicationsIndication approvalsHigh therapeutic valueAvailable treatmentsDrug AdministrationUS FoodMedicines AgencyFDA approvalHealth authoritiesCancer disordersSimilar findingsTherapeutic ratingFirst indicationDrugsIndicationsApprovalFDAPatientsLarge subsetProportionPhysicians
2021
Clinician Trends in Prescribing Direct Oral Anticoagulants for US Medicare Beneficiaries
Wheelock KM, Ross JS, Murugiah K, Lin Z, Krumholz HM, Khera R. Clinician Trends in Prescribing Direct Oral Anticoagulants for US Medicare Beneficiaries. JAMA Network Open 2021, 4: e2137288. PMID: 34870678, PMCID: PMC8649845, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.37288.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDOAC useAnticoagulant prescriptionOral anticoagulantsUS cliniciansMedicare beneficiariesNational clinical practice guidelinesElevated bleeding riskOral anticoagulant prescriptionsRetrospective cohort studyDirect oral anticoagulantsClinical practice guidelinesUS Medicare beneficiariesInternal medicine physiciansNumber of cliniciansAnticoagulant prescribingDOAC prescriptionsUnique cliniciansBleeding riskCohort studyAnticoagulant strategiesPrescription claimsPractice guidelinesMAIN OUTCOMEMost indicationsMedicare populationComparison of Diabetes Medications Used by Adults With Commercial Insurance vs Medicare Advantage, 2016 to 2019
McCoy RG, Van Houten HK, Deng Y, Mandic PK, Ross JS, Montori VM, Shah ND. Comparison of Diabetes Medications Used by Adults With Commercial Insurance vs Medicare Advantage, 2016 to 2019. JAMA Network Open 2021, 4: e2035792. PMID: 33523188, PMCID: PMC7851726, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.35792.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitorsCommercial insurance beneficiariesMedicare Advantage beneficiariesDPP-4i treatmentGLP-1RAsType 2 diabetesInsurance beneficiariesMedicare AdvantageGlucose levelsGlucagonlike Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsPeptide-1 receptor agonistsHealth plansCommercial health insurance plansGLP-1RA treatmentRetrospective cohort studyCotransporter 2 inhibitorsInitiation of treatmentPeptidase-4 inhibitorsLow-income patientsSeparate logistic regression modelsAdministrative claims dataCommercial health plansAdjusted annual rateLogistic regression models
2020
Association between FDA and EMA expedited approval programs and therapeutic value of new medicines: retrospective cohort study
Hwang TJ, Ross JS, Vokinger KN, Kesselheim AS. Association between FDA and EMA expedited approval programs and therapeutic value of new medicines: retrospective cohort study. The BMJ 2020, 371: m3434. PMID: 33028575, PMCID: PMC7537471, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m3434.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEuropean Medicines AgencyRetrospective cohort studyTherapeutic valueHigh therapeutic valueNew drugsCohort studyLow therapeutic valueEMA approvalUS FoodDrug AdministrationMedicines AgencyFDA approvalDrugsFDARegulatory approvalApproval programsNew medicinesAssociationGreater proportionApprovalProportionAdministrationAssociation of Use of an Intravascular Microaxial Left Ventricular Assist Device vs Intra-aortic Balloon Pump With In-Hospital Mortality and Major Bleeding Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
Dhruva SS, Ross JS, Mortazavi BJ, Hurley NC, Krumholz HM, Curtis JP, Berkowitz A, Masoudi FA, Messenger JC, Parzynski CS, Ngufor C, Girotra S, Amin AP, Shah ND, Desai NR. Association of Use of an Intravascular Microaxial Left Ventricular Assist Device vs Intra-aortic Balloon Pump With In-Hospital Mortality and Major Bleeding Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock. JAMA 2020, 323: 734-745. PMID: 32040163, PMCID: PMC7042879, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.0254.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedCause of DeathExtracorporeal Membrane OxygenationFemaleHeart ArrestHeart-Assist DevicesHemorrhageHospital MortalityHumansIntra-Aortic Balloon PumpingMaleMatched-Pair AnalysisMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionPercutaneous Coronary InterventionPropensity ScoreRegistriesRetrospective StudiesShock, CardiogenicST Elevation Myocardial InfarctionConceptsMicroaxial left ventricular assist deviceIntra-aortic balloon pumpLeft ventricular assist deviceAcute myocardial infarctionPercutaneous coronary interventionNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryCardiogenic shockHemodynamic supportMyocardial infarctionRegistry-based retrospective cohort studyCardiology-National Cardiovascular Data RegistryChest Pain-MI RegistryST-elevation myocardial infarctionMechanical circulatory support devicesGreater hemodynamic supportHospital major bleedingRetrospective cohort studyPropensity-matched pairsCirculatory support devicesVentricular assist deviceClinical laboratory dataHospital mortalityMajor bleedingHospital deathCohort study
2019
Home Health Care After Skilled Nursing Facility Discharge Following Heart Failure Hospitalization
Weerahandi H, Bao H, Herrin J, Dharmarajan K, Ross JS, Jones S, Horwitz LI. Home Health Care After Skilled Nursing Facility Discharge Following Heart Failure Hospitalization. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society 2019, 68: 96-102. PMID: 31603248, PMCID: PMC6964248, DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16179.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSkilled nursing facilitiesHF hospitalizationReadmission ratesReadmission riskHeart failure readmission ratesDays of dischargeHeart failure hospitalizationRetrospective cohort studyHospital discharge practicesMore functional impairmentHome health careFailure hospitalizationHF patientsUnplanned readmissionCohort studyHospital dischargePrimary outcomeRestorative therapySNF stayFunctional impairmentHome healthcare servicesService Medicare dataAdjusted modelCox modelNursing facilitiesRates of Physician Coprescribing of Opioids and Benzodiazepines After the Release of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidelines in 2016
Jeffery MM, Hooten WM, Jena AB, Ross JS, Shah ND, Karaca-Mandic P. Rates of Physician Coprescribing of Opioids and Benzodiazepines After the Release of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidelines in 2016. JAMA Network Open 2019, 2: e198325. PMID: 31373650, PMCID: PMC6681551, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.8325.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term opioid useOpioid usePrevention guidelinesMA groupDisease controlCoprescription of opioidsRetrospective cohort studyUS national databaseInsurance groupsMedicare AdvantageSickle cell diseaseGuideline releasePrescription daysPrescribed opioidsBenzodiazepine prescriptionsCohort studyMedian agePharmacy claimsChronic painCell diseaseCoprescriptionMAIN OUTCOMESame clinicianClaims dataHospice careRisk of Readmission After Discharge From Skilled Nursing Facilities Following Heart Failure Hospitalization: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Weerahandi H, Li L, Bao H, Herrin J, Dharmarajan K, Ross JS, Kim KL, Jones S, Horwitz LI. Risk of Readmission After Discharge From Skilled Nursing Facilities Following Heart Failure Hospitalization: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal Of The American Medical Directors Association 2019, 20: 432-437. PMID: 30954133, PMCID: PMC6486375, DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.01.135.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSkilled nursing facilitiesSNF dischargeRetrospective cohort studySNF lengthHeart failureHF hospitalizationComposite outcomeCohort studyNursing facilitiesService beneficiaries 65Heart failure hospitalizationRisk of readmissionHazard rate ratiosFailure hospitalizationUnplanned readmissionHF diagnosisHospital dischargePostdischarge outcomesSNF stayMedicare patientsMedicare feeHome transitionPatientsReadmissionDay 3
2018
Registration, results reporting, and publication bias of clinical trials supporting FDA approval of neuropsychiatric drugs before and after FDAAA: a retrospective cohort study
Zou CX, Becker JE, Phillips AT, Garritano JM, Krumholz HM, Miller JE, Ross JS. Registration, results reporting, and publication bias of clinical trials supporting FDA approval of neuropsychiatric drugs before and after FDAAA: a retrospective cohort study. Trials 2018, 19: 581. PMID: 30352601, PMCID: PMC6199729, DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2957-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetrospective cohort studyPublication biasNeuropsychiatric indicationsCohort studyClinical trialsRelative riskEfficacy trialsFDA approvalPositive trialsFisher's exact testRecent FDA approvalDrug Administration Amendments ActClinical trial publicationsTRIAL REGISTRATIONMAIN OUTCOMEProportion of trialsNeuropsychiatric drugsNew drug approvalsTrial publicationsExact testMedical interventionsTrialsDrug approvalNew drugsDrugsAssociation of Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities With Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure, and Pneumonia
Downing NS, Wang C, Gupta A, Wang Y, Nuti SV, Ross JS, Bernheim SM, Lin Z, Normand ST, Krumholz HM. Association of Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities With Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure, and Pneumonia. JAMA Network Open 2018, 1: e182044. PMID: 30646146, PMCID: PMC6324513, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.2044.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overBlack PeopleCohort StudiesFee-for-Service PlansFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHeart FailureHospitalizationHospitalsHumansMaleMedicareMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionOutcome Assessment, Health CarePneumoniaRacial GroupsRetrospective StudiesSocial ClassUnited StatesWhite PeopleConceptsAcute myocardial infarctionRisk-standardized mortality ratesRisk-standardized readmission ratesReadmission ratesHeart failureMyocardial infarctionMortality rateIntraclass correlation coefficientAnalysis cohortBlack patientsHospital proportionSocioeconomic disparitiesHospital analysisRisk-standardized outcomesRisk-standardized ratesRetrospective cohort studySocioeconomic statusNeighborhood income levelHospital performanceHospital outcomesCohort studyNumber of hospitalsBroader systemic effectsPatient raceMAIN OUTCOMESpeed of Adoption of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors of Programmed Cell Death 1 Protein and Comparison of Patient Ages in Clinical Practice vs Pivotal Clinical Trials
O’Connor J, Fessele KL, Steiner J, Seidl-Rathkopf K, Carson KR, Nussbaum NC, Yin ES, Adelson KB, Presley CJ, Chiang AC, Ross JS, Abernethy AP, Gross CP. Speed of Adoption of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors of Programmed Cell Death 1 Protein and Comparison of Patient Ages in Clinical Practice vs Pivotal Clinical Trials. JAMA Oncology 2018, 4: e180798-e180798. PMID: 29800974, PMCID: PMC6143052, DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.0798.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCarcinoma, Renal CellClinical Trials as TopicFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansKidney NeoplasmsLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNivolumabPractice Patterns, Physicians'PrognosisProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRetrospective StudiesConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerPivotal clinical trialsRenal cell carcinomaCell death 1 proteinEligible patientsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsDeath 1 proteinClinical trialsClinical practiceFDA approvalAgent treatmentCheckpoint inhibitorsAnti-PD-1 agentsFlatiron Health networkRetrospective cohort studyAge of patientsCell lung cancerClinical trial participantsCohort studyPatient ageYounger patientsMore patientsSuch patientsTrial evidenceCell carcinomaTrends in opioid use in commercially insured and Medicare Advantage populations in 2007-16: retrospective cohort study
Jeffery MM, Hooten WM, Henk HJ, Bellolio MF, Hess EP, Meara E, Ross JS, Shah ND. Trends in opioid use in commercially insured and Medicare Advantage populations in 2007-16: retrospective cohort study. The BMJ 2018, 362: k2833. PMID: 30068513, PMCID: PMC6066997, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k2833.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedicare Advantage beneficiariesAverage daily doseDisabled Medicare beneficiariesAged Medicare beneficiariesRetrospective cohort studyDaily doseOpioid useMedicare beneficiariesLong-term useCohort studyCommercial beneficiariesStudy periodUse prevalenceOpioid use prevalenceHigh rateMedicare Advantage populationTerm useAge 65 yearsOpioid use ratesAdministrative claims dataAverage daily dosesProportion of beneficiariesQuarterly prevalenceMorphine equivalentsOpioid prescriptionsStatewide Inferior Vena Cava Filter Placement, Complications, and Retrievals
Charalel RA, Durack JC, Mao J, Ross JS, Meltzer AJ, Sedrakyan A. Statewide Inferior Vena Cava Filter Placement, Complications, and Retrievals. Medical Care 2018, 56: 260-265. PMID: 29356721, DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000867.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIVC filter placementFilter placementIVC filtersFilter retrievalIVC filter-related complicationsProphylactic IVC filter placementInferior vena cava filter placementVena cava filter placementFilter-related complicationsPulmonary embolism riskAverage patient ageDrug Administration (FDA) safety communicationRetrospective cohort studyCava filter placementKaplan-Meier analysisAge-adjusted ratesIVC filter retrievalCohort studyPatient agePE occurrencePE ratePE eventsCumulative riskPopulation-level trendsClinical practice
2017
Age Differences in Hospital Mortality for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Implications for Hospital Profiling.
Dharmarajan K, McNamara RL, Wang Y, Masoudi FA, Ross JS, Spatz EE, Desai NR, de Lemos JA, Fonarow GC, Heidenreich PA, Bhatt DL, Bernheim SM, Slattery LE, Khan YM, Curtis JP. Age Differences in Hospital Mortality for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Implications for Hospital Profiling. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2017, 167: 555-564. PMID: 28973634, PMCID: PMC9359429, DOI: 10.7326/m16-2871.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk-standardized mortality ratesAcute myocardial infarctionOlder patientsYounger patientsMyocardial infarctionAge groupsHospital risk-standardized mortality ratesRetrospective cohort studyHospital mortality rankingsNational Quality ForumHospital mortalityMedian hospitalHospital outcomesCohort studyACTION RegistryAMI mortalityAmerican CollegeMedicare beneficiariesAMI hospitalizationPatientsMortality rateHospitalQuality ForumHospital ValueHospital profilingFactors Associated with Refugee Acute Healthcare Utilization in Southern Connecticut
Semere W, Agrawal P, Yun K, Di Bartolo I, Annamalai A, Ross JS. Factors Associated with Refugee Acute Healthcare Utilization in Southern Connecticut. Journal Of Immigrant And Minority Health 2017, 20: 327-333. PMID: 28382427, DOI: 10.1007/s10903-017-0574-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute care useAcute care visitsCare useMonths of arrivalCare visitsMedical evaluationDay of arrivalAcute healthcare utilizationRetrospective cohort studyAcute care utilizationCohort studyCare utilizationHealthcare utilizationMale sexHospital visitsEmergency roomPrior historyHealth characteristicsLower likelihoodSouthern ConnecticutGreater likelihoodVisitsTimely evaluationAdult refugeesMonths
2016
Association Between Hospital Penalty Status Under the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program and Readmission Rates for Target and Nontarget Conditions
Desai NR, Ross JS, Kwon JY, Herrin J, Dharmarajan K, Bernheim SM, Krumholz HM, Horwitz LI. Association Between Hospital Penalty Status Under the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program and Readmission Rates for Target and Nontarget Conditions. JAMA 2016, 316: 2647-2656. PMID: 28027367, PMCID: PMC5599851, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2016.18533.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital Readmissions Reduction ProgramAcute myocardial infarctionReadmission ratesReadmissions Reduction ProgramHeart failurePenalty statusNontarget conditionsMedicare feeMean readmission rateThirty-day riskRetrospective cohort studyUnplanned readmission rateReduction programsHRRP announcementHRRP implementationPenalized hospitalsCohort studyService patientsMyocardial infarctionMAIN OUTCOMEExcess readmissionsMedicare beneficiariesService beneficiariesHospitalPatientsTrends of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Use in Ophthalmology Among Privately Insured and Medicare Advantage Patients
Parikh R, Ross JS, Sangaralingham LR, Adelman RA, Shah ND, Barkmeier AJ. Trends of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Use in Ophthalmology Among Privately Insured and Medicare Advantage Patients. Ophthalmology 2016, 124: 352-358. PMID: 27890437, DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.10.036.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAngiogenesis InhibitorsBevacizumabCohort StudiesDatabases, FactualDiabetic RetinopathyDrug UtilizationFemaleHumansInsurance, HealthIntravitreal InjectionsMacular DegenerationMaleMedicare Part CMiddle AgedOphthalmologyPrivate SectorRanibizumabReceptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth FactorRecombinant Fusion ProteinsRetinal Vein OcclusionRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AYoung AdultConceptsAge-related macular degenerationDiabetic retinal diseaseAnti-VEGF injectionsIntravitreal anti-VEGF injectionsRetinal vein occlusionAdministrative claims dataRetinal diseasesOphthalmic diseasesVein occlusionClaims dataUse of bevacizumabCurrent Procedural Terminology codesPatients 18 yearsRetrospective cohort studyMedicare Advantage patientsOptumLabs Data WarehouseDrug Administration approvalProcedural Terminology codesGrowth factor useRanibizumab useBevacizumab useAvailable medicationsCohort studyMedication useCommon medicationsFrequency and Importance of Incomplete Screening Fetal Anatomic Sonography in Pregnancy
Silvestri MT, Pettker CM, Raney JH, Xu X, Ross JS. Frequency and Importance of Incomplete Screening Fetal Anatomic Sonography in Pregnancy. Journal Of Ultrasound In Medicine 2016, 35: 2665-2673. PMID: 27821652, DOI: 10.7863/ultra.16.01084.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRepeat sonographyUltrasound examinationAbnormal fetal anatomyRepeat screeningFetal anatomyIncomplete visualizationLarge single-center studyMean gestational ageRetrospective cohort studySingle-center studyMean maternal ageMain outcome measuresProportion of womenCohort studySingleton pregnanciesWeeks' gestationGestational ageMaternal ageRepeat imagingUltrasound centersOutcome measuresSonographyAnatomic componentsWomenPregnancy
2015
Postmarket Modifications of High‐Risk Therapeutic Devices in Otolaryngology Cleared by the US Food and Drug Administration
Rathi VK, Ross JS, Samuel AM, Mehra S. Postmarket Modifications of High‐Risk Therapeutic Devices in Otolaryngology Cleared by the US Food and Drug Administration. Otolaryngology 2015, 153: 400-408. PMID: 26044785, DOI: 10.1177/0194599815587508.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical dataUS FoodDrug AdministrationPMA pathwayRetrospective cohort studyAdditional clinical dataPremarket approval pathwaySignificant clinical implicationsCohort studyHigh-risk medical devicesMedian numberClinical implicationsMarketing clearanceLife spanAdministrationSubstantial numberPMA applicationApproval pathwaySupplementsFDATherapeutic devicesPathway