Deciphering the Molecular Determinants of Post-Partum Mood Disorders

Ronald S. Duman, Ph.D.,Professor of Psychiatry and Pharmacology

Post-partum depression is experienced by 10 to 20 % of women in the United States within six months of delivery. Research on pregnancy-related mood disorders indicates that changes in hormones during pregnancy play a role in the onset of these disorders. Dr. Duman investigated the underlying biological/hormonal mechanisms that contribute to postpartum mood disturbances. The findings have been useful in expanding research approaches to understanding postpartum depression.

Highlighted Study Findings

Recent studies have suggested that mood disorders, such as depression, may result in part from the effects of stress (such as pregnancy and delivery) on the growth and survival of brain cells (neurons). In particular, stress decreases the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a major factor sustaining cell life. This project investigated the impact of estrogen on the expression of BDNF. Results demonstrated that estrogen influences the expression of BDNF, suggesting a route by which fluctuations of hormones could contribute to neurobiological dysfunction. Moreover, interactions between fluctuating hormones and stress could further compromise the functioning of neurons. These findings have been used to begin to develop strategies for counteracting the effects of stress and hormone fluctuations on BDNF expression and neuronal functioning. Continued research and progress in this area will eventually lead to a more complete understanding of the cellular basis of the effects of hormones on mood, in pregnant and non-pregnant women.