Jennifer Prah Ruger

PROJECTS

Global Health Justice and Governance: Developing a normative theory and respective roles of global and state actors, law and policy, in addressing global health inequalities and externalities

Health and Social Justice: Developing a theoretical framework for analysis of health and healthcare disparities and extending this theoretical framework to empirical investigation through measurement and empirical evaluation of health and healthcare inequalities and a study of what it means for inequalities in health to be unjust. Applying the framework to health policy concerns of access, financing, resource allocation and the social determinants of health

Global Health Governance at a Crossroads: Taking stock in global health governance through analysis of major issues, needs and challenges: (1) persistent GHG problems; (2) different approaches to tackling health challenges (vertical, horizontal, and diagonal); (3) the framing of health (e.g. as a security issue, as a foreign policy issue, as a human rights issue, as a global public good); (4) health’s multi-sectoral connections; (5) neoliberalism and the global economy; (6) global health inequities; (7) local and country ownership and capacity; (8) international law in GHG; and (9) research gaps in GHG

Health System Financing and Health and Economic Welfare in Vietnam: Three research projects: (1) study of the impact of medical expenses on the allocation of household resources among the poor in Vietnam; (2) understanding the demand for, and health and financial impacts of, health insurance in rural Vietnam; and (3) examining the existence and determinants of coping strategies for external health shocks by income status in rural Vietnam

Shared Health Governance. Developing an analytical framework for understanding health governance with respect to competing claims of justice in health and health care. Integrating and reconciling competing values and principles underlying the development of a new American health care system. Putting forth ethical goals, moral responsibilities, and institutional arrangements to aid policymakers in designing and implementing equitable and efficient health policies

Economic Evaluation of Reducing Heroin Addiction and Associated HIV Risk in Malaysia: Two projects: (1) cost and cost-effectiveness analysis of behavioral counseling, naltrexone and buprenorphine in randomized controlled trial in Malaysia; and (2) cost and cost-effectiveness analyses of counseling and abstinent-contingent take-home buprenorphine in randomized controlled trial in Malaysia

Economic Evaluation of Drug Abuse Treatment and HIV Prevention Services for Pregnant Women: (1) cost analyses of a motivational enhancement therapy – cognitive behavioral therapy (MET-CBT) compared to brief advice (BA); (2) cost-effectiveness analyses of interventions vis-à-vis each other in terms of substance use, infant health outcomes and HIV risk reduction; (3) incremental cost-utility analyses of quality-adjusted life years saved by each intervention arm vis-à-vis each other in terms of substance use and HIV risk reduction

Governance of HIV/AIDS in Malawi: Study of the Effect of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund’s National Poverty Reduction Strategy Process on the Resourcing and Implementation of the National HIV/AIDS Strategic Framework in Malawi 2000-2004

Women’s Health Capability and Maternal and Child Health in India: Study aimed at understanding women’s health capability in the context of a participatory community maternal and child health project in Uttar Pradesh, India

World Bank and Global Health: Normative institutional analysis of the changing role and impact of the World Bank in global health

Global Responsibilities for Global Health Rights: Examining global health institutions from conceptual pluralism to practical agreement on policy

Effects of the World Bank's Maternal and Child Health Intervention on Indonesia’s Poor: Evaluating the Safe Motherhood Project (SMP): Study of infant, child and maternal health outcomes of Indonesia’s poor before and after introduction of SMP, comparing membership and non-membership in SMP, using a difference-in-difference approach

Political Economy of Health and Healthcare in the Republic of Korea: Four research projects: (1) examining out-of-pocket health-care spending by the poor and chronically ill in the Republic of Korea; (2) studying the relationship between socioeconomic status, behavioral risk factors, and health inequality in the Republic of Korea; (3) analysis of pharmaceutical reforms in the Republic of Korea and the lessons they provide for developed and developing countries; and (4) examining price elasticity of demand for medical care services in the Korean national medical insurance program

Global and National Policy Implications of Addressing Heroin Addiction in 32 Countries: Cost and policy analysis of addressing heroin addiction in 32 countries worldwide

Health Financing and Insurance Reform in Morocco: Policy analysis of health financing and insurance reforms in Morocco

Global Health Inequalities: International comparison of infant and adult mortality rates and social, economic and geographic determinants

Impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on Disability Grant Status in South Africa: Study of the impact of the roll out of HAART for persons with AIDS on the disability grant status of households in Khayelitsha, South Africa

Health, Technical Efficiency, and Agricultural Production in India: Examining the effects of improved population health on technical efficiency in agricultural production in Indian districts

Economic Evaluation of HIV/AIDS Prevention Among Women: Cost and cost-effectiveness analyses of HIV/AIDS and STD prevention in randomized controlled trial in U.S.

Economic Evaluation of Smoking Cessation Among Low-income Pregnant Women: Cost and Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Outreach Motivational Interviewing for Smoking Cessation and Relapse Prevention in randomized controlled trial among low-income pregnant women in U.S.

Equity and Efficiency in Emergency Department Utilization: Four research projects studying: (1) the significance and profile of frequent users of the ED; (2) the use and misuse of emergency medical services (ambulances) by ED patients; (3) improving triage and resource allocation; and (4) borderline urgent or emergent conditions presenting to the ED

Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Guidelines for Emergency Care with Children: Examining the cost and cost-effectiveness of clinical practice guidelines for emergency care of children with acute gastroenteritis and dehydration


	PROJECTS Global Health Justice and Governance: Developing a normative theory and respective roles of global and state actors, law and policy, in addressing global health inequalities and externalities Health and Social Justice: Developing a theoretical framework for analysis of health and healthcare disparities and extending this theoretical framework to empirical investigation through measurement and empirical evaluation of health and healthcare inequalities and a study of what it means for inequalities in health to be unjust. Applying the framework to health policy concerns of access, financing, resource allocation and the social determinants of health Global Health Governance at a Crossroads: Taking stock in global health governance through analysis of major issues, needs and challenges: (1) persistent GHG problems; (2) different approaches to tackling health challenges (vertical, horizontal, and diagonal); (3) the framing of health (e.g. as a security issue, as a foreign policy issue, as a human rights issue, as a global public good); (4) health’s multi-sectoral connections; (5) neoliberalism and the global economy; (6) global health inequities; (7) local and country ownership and capacity; (8) international law in GHG; and (9) research gaps in GHG Health System Financing and Health and Economic Welfare in Vietnam: Three research projects: (1) study of the impact of medical expenses on the allocation of household resources among the poor in Vietnam; (2) understanding the demand for, and health and financial impacts of, health insurance in rural Vietnam; and (3) examining the existence and determinants of coping strategies for external health shocks by income status in rural Vietnam Shared Health Governance. Developing an analytical framework for understanding health governance with respect to competing claims of justice in health and health care. Integrating and reconciling competing values and principles underlying the development of a new American health care system. Putting forth ethical goals, moral responsibilities, and institutional arrangements to aid policymakers in designing and implementing equitable and efficient health policies Economic Evaluation of Reducing Heroin Addiction and Associated HIV Risk in Malaysia: Two projects: (1) cost and cost-effectiveness analysis of behavioral counseling, naltrexone and buprenorphine in randomized controlled trial in Malaysia; and (2) cost and cost-effectiveness analyses of counseling and abstinent-contingent take-home buprenorphine in randomized controlled trial in Malaysia Economic Evaluation of Drug Abuse Treatment and HIV Prevention Services for Pregnant Women: (1) cost analyses of a motivational enhancement therapy – cognitive behavioral therapy (MET-CBT) compared to brief advice (BA); (2) cost-effectiveness analyses of interventions vis-à-vis each other in terms of substance use, infant health outcomes and HIV risk reduction; (3) incremental cost-utility analyses of quality-adjusted life years saved by each intervention arm vis-à-vis each other in terms of substance use and HIV risk reduction Governance of HIV/AIDS in Malawi: Study of the Effect of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund’s National Poverty Reduction Strategy Process on the Resourcing and Implementation of the National HIV/AIDS Strategic Framework in Malawi 2000-2004 Women’s Health Capability and Maternal and Child Health in India: Study aimed at understanding women’s health capability in the context of a participatory community maternal and child health project in Uttar Pradesh, India World Bank and Global Health: Normative institutional analysis of the changing role and impact of the World Bank in global health Global Responsibilities for Global Health Rights: Examining global health institutions from conceptual pluralism to practical agreement on policy Effects of the World Bank's Maternal and Child Health Intervention on Indonesia’s Poor: Evaluating the Safe Motherhood Project (SMP): Study of infant, child and maternal health outcomes of Indonesia’s poor before and after introduction of SMP, comparing membership and non-membership in SMP, using a difference-in-difference approach Political Economy of Health and Healthcare in the Republic of Korea: Four research projects: (1) examining out-of-pocket health-care spending by the poor and chronically ill in the Republic of Korea; (2) studying the relationship between socioeconomic status, behavioral risk factors, and health inequality in the Republic of Korea; (3) analysis of pharmaceutical reforms in the Republic of Korea and the lessons they provide for developed and developing countries; and (4) examining price elasticity of demand for medical care services in the Korean national medical insurance program Global and National Policy Implications of Addressing Heroin Addiction in 32 Countries: Cost and policy analysis of addressing heroin addiction in 32 countries worldwide Health Financing and Insurance Reform in Morocco: Policy analysis of health financing and insurance reforms in Morocco Global Health Inequalities: International comparison of infant and adult mortality rates and social, economic and geographic determinants Impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on Disability Grant Status in South Africa: Study of the impact of the roll out of HAART for persons with AIDS on the disability grant status of households in Khayelitsha, South Africa Health, Technical Efficiency, and Agricultural Production in India: Examining the effects of improved population health on technical efficiency in agricultural production in Indian districts Economic Evaluation of HIV/AIDS Prevention Among Women: Cost and cost-effectiveness analyses of HIV/AIDS and STD prevention in randomized controlled trial in U.S. Economic Evaluation of Smoking Cessation Among Low-income Pregnant Women: Cost and Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Outreach Motivational Interviewing for Smoking Cessation and Relapse Prevention in randomized controlled trial among low-income pregnant women in U.S. Equity and Efficiency in Emergency Department Utilization: Four research projects studying: (1) the significance and profile of frequent users of the ED; (2) the use and misuse of emergency medical services (ambulances) by ED patients; (3) improving triage and resource allocation; and (4) borderline urgent or emergent conditions presenting to the ED Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Guidelines for Emergency Care with Children: Examining the cost and cost-effectiveness of clinical practice guidelines for emergency care of children with acute gastroenteritis and dehydration