-small plasmids carrying repetitive seq. -large plasmids (3 kb or larger) -phages (~ 10-20 kb) -cosmids (~30-40kb) -BACs, PACs, P1s (~80-250kb) -YACs (total yeast) (~0.1-2 Mb) -genomic DNA (for CGH) -chromosome painting probes | -small PCR products -small single-locus plasmids (< 3 kb) -BACs, etc. by inter-Alu or DOP-PCR -YACs by inter-Alu PCR -genomic DNA (for CGH) -chromosome painting probes |