Surgery

Students receive intensive exposure to preoperative and postoperative management of adult and pediatric cardiac surgical patients and to intraoperative conduct of surgical procedures, with active participation in the operating room and in regular conferences. Students attend regular seminars covering major areas of cardiac surgery with members of the faculty and may be required to present a seminar on a subject in cardiac surgery to faculty and resident staff.

This rotation provides students an intensive exposure to preoperative and postoperative management of adult and pediatric cardiac surgical patients and to intraoperative conduct of surgical procedures, with active participation in the operating room and in regular conferences. Students attend regular seminars covering major areas of cardiac surgery with members of the faculty, and may be required to present a seminar on a subject in cardiac surgery to faculty and resident staff.

Clinical and laboratory studies into problems relevant to the field of organ transplantation. Students will work under the tutelage of a member of the faculty in the Division of Organ Transplantation and Immunology. Original projects must be mutually agreed upon, and might include studies into the immunology of allograft rejection, the mechanism of immunosuppressive drug action, immunological monitoring of patients following transplantation, or biochemical markers to potentially identify early rejection of renal, hepatic, pancreatic or small bowel allografts.

Students receive intensive exposure to laboratory and clinical aspects of cardiac transplantation. Special emphasis is placed on the relationship between ongoing laboratory studies and clinical practice in this field. Students are involved in the pre-operative assessment of prospective transplant candidates, donor procurement, intra�operative management and postoperative immunosuppression.

Students participate actively in the diagnosis, treatment and operative and post�operative management of patients with congenital heart disease. Daily rounds on adult and pediatric cardiothoracic patients. Students receive intensive exposure to pediatric and adult surgical cardiac ICU care.

This elective is a four-week experience that will introduce the student to the use of diagnostic and procedural ultrasound at the bedside. Educational ultrasounds will be performed by the student on emergency department patients using ultrasound equipment in the ED. Attention will be paid to image acquisition, machine optimization, and image interpretation. Diagnostic pelvic, vascular, cardiac, pulmonary, biliary, trauma and soft tissue sonography will be introduced. In addition there will be opportunities for the student to participate in supervised ultrasound guided procedures (central and peripheral vascular access, abscess drainage, paracentesis). The bulk of time will be spent performing ultrasounds in the emergency department; with one half-day a week spent reviewing recorded examinations. Educational materials will be provided. While the focus of this rotation is the sonographic evaluation of the emergency patient, students considering almost any specialty may benefit as clinician-performed ultrasound continues to expand.

Students are assigned advanced clinical duties in the fields of gastrointestinal, oncology and endocrine surgery.

Students do a rotation on the thoracic surgical service, including participation on daily rounds, in the operating room, in the outpatient clinic and at conferences. Cancer plays an important role in general thoracic surgery. An additional aspect of this experience is the evaluation of patients with cancer, a chance to talk with patients about a frightening diagnosis, and participation in a multidisciplinary approach to management of these patients.

This clinical experience is independent of the third-year Surgery/Otolaryngology rotation and takes place on an individual basis. It includes operating-room experience, ward responsibilities and involvement in outpatient ENT at Yale-New Haven Hospital.

The outpatient experience provides exposure to the broad spectrum of head and neck problems seen in an Otolaryngology practice. The students can spend time in the Otolaryngology Allergy, Pediatric and General Adult Clinics, as well as, with full-time attending physicians in their office practices (H&N Cancer, Facial Plastic, Sinus, Otology, and Neurotology). This diverse clinical education teaches diagnostic techniques and clinical information important for all medical specialties, not just Otolaryngology. Timing is flexible and a student may spend one to three mornings or afternoons per week for one to four weeks in this rotation.

Students receive in-depth exposure to the broad spectrum of pediatric surgical problems of the abdomen, chest, head, neck and pelvis. Students gain experience with the correction of major congenital anomalies, management of trauma, care of the critically ill child, and management of solid tumors. Experience includes in-depth exposure to the pediatric OR, training in neonatal and pediatric critical care and experience in the pediatric surgical outpatient clinic. Elective students are an integral part of the pediatric surgical team.

This elective is a practical experience in the diagnosis and management of vascular disease, including pre- and post-operative care. The scope of the experience includes orientation to the non�invasive vascular diagnostic laboratory, out patient care in the Yale Vascular Center, and in-patient management (including patients in the OR, ICU, and the vascular surgery unit).

The elective is designed to provide the student an opportunity to participate in the evaluation and reconstructive surgery of deformity of congenital, traumatic and neoplastic origin. Students will be exposed to patients in the inpatient and outpatient settings as well as operating room experiences supplemented by regular conferences.

Students are assigned advanced clinical duties in the field of Surgical Critical Care. Students will spend time in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit where they will participate in resuscitation and management of the critically ill. Didactic and clinical sessions in the Yale-New Haven Hospital SICU prepare the student to provide skilled treatment for the critically ill patient. Topics include cardiopulmonary resuscitation, airway and ventilator management (basic and advanced), acid-base balance, nutritional support, management of the open abdomen, assessment of the multiple trauma patients and management of sepsis. Students participate in all invasive procedures in the SICU including bedside tracheostomy, percutaneous gastrostomy placement, abdominal re-exploration, bronchoscopy, and arterial and central venous catheter placement. Students are directly responsible for one to two critical care patients under the direct supervision of the PGY-2 resident and the surgical critical care fellow in conjunction with the Intensivist. Students will present on rounds each day, take call, and assist in providing family and primary service communication.

This rotation allows students the opportunity of an intensive exposure to surgical aspects of the treatment of cancer in the clinic, hospital and operating room. The interaction between surgery, medical oncology and radiation therapy will be experienced by following patients receiving multiple forms of therapy.

This intensive clinical experience emphasizes the preoperative assessment, intraoperative care, and post-operative management of patients suffering end-stage organ system failure who are cared for by transplantation. Emphasis includes the management of immunosuppressive medication regiments and the care of post-transplant problems.

Students are assigned advanced clinical duties in trauma and emergency general surgery.Students are assigned advanced clinical duties in the field of Trauma and Emergency General Surgery. Students will participate in resuscitation and management of trauma patients as well as patients with general surgery emergencies. A strong elective surgical component provides outpatient surgery exposure as well as complex abdominal wall reconstructive procedural experience. Extensive inpatient and emergency department consultation for a wide gamut of surgical problems provides a well-balanced experience for the student. Students participate in patient care both in and out of the OR.

Flexible program designed to provide an in-depth exposure to urology specialty areas. Student must have at least 6 months of prior clinical training. Students are scheduled from September through June. The sub intern will be a part of the urologic team and participate actively in the clinic, the OR, and on rounds. The urology sub internship at Yale will provide an in-depth view of the various sub-specialties within urology including uro-oncology, minimally invasive (laparoscopic) urology, endo-urology, neuro-urology, female urology and pediatric urology.